Post on 07-Aug-2015
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates Hydrates of carbon Chemical composition of (CH2O)n Primary source of energy for our bodies Good source of fiber and vitamins Rich in phytonutrients Participate in many essential body functions Two types -simple and complex
Simple Carbohydrates
CarbohydratesFruits, milk, and vegetablesSimple sugars found in
refined sugar foodse.g. sweets, cakesMonosaccharides &
disaccharides
Complex Carbohydrates
Provide vitamins, minerals, and fiberFound in breads, pasta, and starchy vegetablesPolysaccharides
Testing for Carbohydrates
Benedict's Test for Reducing Sugars
Iodine Test for Starch
Benedict's Test
Used to test for presence of reducing sugars all monosaccharides disaccharides: lactose and maltoseRequires use of Benedict's Reagent prepared from CuSO4, NaOH, tartaric acid
Benedict's Test
1.Dissolve food sample in water2.Add small amount of Benedict's Reagent3.Heat in water bath from 4 -10 minutes4.Positive test indicated by a brick red solution
Iodine Test
Used to test for starchRequires use of Iodine solutiondissolve iodine in potassium
iodide How to test1.Add Iodine solution directly to
food sample2.A dark blue-black colour
indicates presence of starch
Carbohydrate Digestion Break down carbohydrate into
glucose able to be absorbed and used
by body Starch -extensive breakdown Disaccharides -broken down
once Monosaccharides -need not be
broken down Occurs throughout digestive
system Begins in mouth chewing releases saliva starch broken down by
enzymes into polysaccharides and maltose
Digestion in the Stomach
No enzymes available for starch breakdown Acid does minor breakdown Fibers provide feeling of "fullness“
Digestion in the Small Intestine
Primary site of carbohydrate digestion Pancreatic enzyme reduces carbohydrates into glucose chains or disaccharides Specific enzymes are present to fully reduce disaccharides
Digestion in the Large Intestine
1 to 4 hours for sugars and starches to be fully digested Only fibers remain retain water to soften stool
Thank You!Presented by
Amit Jaglan