CELLS

CELLS

COMMON CHARACTERISTICS The smallest particle of a living thing Can move Perform complex activities Grow and develop Respond and adapt to their

environment All reproduce

TWO KINDS OF CELLSEukaryotic

Animal CellsPlant Cells

ProkaryoticBacteria

TO SURVIVE, THEY NEEDEnergyFood and WaterOxygenLiving spaceAbility to maintain a constant

temperatureCold bloodedWarm blooded

SPONTANEOUS GENERATIONWhen people thought animals

could just spring to life from non-living things

Francesco Redi

CELL THEORYThe 4 Basic Components of the Cell:1. All organisms are composed of one or

more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living

things. 3. All cells are produced by the division of

preexisting cells. 4. Cell activity depends on the activities of

sub-cellular structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma membrane)

CHEMISTRY OF LIVING THINGS

NON-LIVING MATTERSmallest substance of non-living

things?Elements / Atoms

Combinations of elements?Compounds

ORGANIC/INORGANICOrganic substances

Composed of compounds that include carbon

Inorganic substancesComposed of compounds that

do not include carbon

ORGANIC COMPOUNDSSome compounds are essential to

basic lifeCarbohydratesFats and oilsProteinsEnzymesNucleic acids (DNA)

TRANSFER OF SUBSTANCESDiffusion

Osmosis

Active Transport

DIFFUSIONDiffusion: where substances move

from a higher concentration to a lower concentrationNot always in a cellThe cell membrane is selectively permeable…it permits only certain substances (oxygen, water and food molecules) to diffuse into the cell

OSMOSIS

Diffusion involving the most important component of a cellWATER

Click the image to watch a short

animation.

ACTIVE TRANSPORTUsing some of the cell’s energy to

“carry” substances in or out of the cell

The cell DOESN’T do it on its ownNeed ENERGY

Click the image to watch a short

animation.

CELL DIVISIONA process a cell goes through

when splitting into two daughter cells (cells that are genetically the same as itself)

Process is called Mitosis

Click the image to watch a short

animation.