Chapter 12: Politics of the Roaring Twenties

Sect. 1Americans Struggle with

Postwar Issues

Americans Struggle

• Nativism

• Isolationism

Fear of Communism

• The Red Scare

• Palmer Raids– Anarchists

• Sacco and Vanzetti

Limiting Immigration

• Ku Klux Klan– “100% Americanism”

• The Quota System– Emergency Quota Act

The Harding Presidency

• Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Scandal Hits Harding’s Administration

• “Ohio Gang”

• Teapot Dome Scandal– Albert Fall

The Business of America

• Calvin Coolidge– “the chief business of the American people is

business…”

• The Automobile– Roadways– Urban Sprawl– Tin Lizzy

• The Airplane– Charles Lindbergh

Hot Topic Quiz #1-50 in 10 minutes

• Study

America’s Standard of Living Soars

• Buying Goods on Credit– Installment Plan

• Pros and Cons

Changing Ways of Life

• Prohibition– Moral Reform– Woman’s Christian Temperance

Movement• Speakeasies and Bootleggers

• Organized Crime– Al Capone– 21st Amendment

Science and Religion Clash

• Fundamentalism– Vs Evolution

• Scopes Trial– Darrow vs WJB– Effect

The Twenties Woman

• Flappers– Old vs New

• New Work Opportunities– One Step Forward, Two Steps Back

Education and Popular Culture

• School– Enrollment

• Radio– Effect

• Heroes– Ruth– Lindbergh

• Entertainment– “Talkies”

• Writers of the 1920s– F Scott Fitzgerald– Ernest Hemingway

The Harlem Renaissance

• Effect of the Great Migration– NAACP

• Marcus Garvey

• African-American Writers– Langston Hughes

• Jazz– Louis Armstrong– “Duke” Ellington– Bessie Smith

Chapter 14

The Great Depression Begins

Causes of the Great Depression

• Uneven Distribution of Wealth• Easy Availability of Credit• Relationships with Foreign Countries• Crisis in the Farm Sector

Hoover Takes the Nation

• Election of 1928

• Dow Jones Industrial Average

• Speculation• Buying on Margin

The Stock Market Crashes

• September 1929• Black Tuesday

Bank Failures

• How Banks Made it Worse

• Unemployment

Hardship and Suffering During the Depression

• The Depression in the Cities– “Hoovervilles”– Soup Kitchens and Bread Lines

• The Depression in Rural Areas

• The Dust Bowl

Hoover Struggles with the Depression

• Hoover’s Philosophy– Andrew Mellon– “Rugged Individualism”– Direct Relief

• Boulder Dam

• Bonus Army– McArthur and Eisenhower

A New Deal Fights the Depression

• Franklin D Roosevelt– Background– 20th Amendment

• New Deal– 3 Goals

• 100 Days

• Fireside Chats and the Banks– Emergency Banking Relief Act– Glass-Stegall Act

• FDIC– Federal Securities Act

• SEC

Rural Assistance

• Agricultural Adjustment Act• Tennessee Valley Authority

Work Projects

• Civilian Conservation Corps• Federal Emergency Relief

Administration

The New Deal Comes Under Attack• Deficit Spending

• The Supreme Court Reacts– “Court Packing Bill”

• Opposition to the New Deal– American Liberty League– Charles Coughlin– Dr Francis Townsend– Huey Long

The Second New Deal Takes Hold

• Eleanor Roosevelt

• Improving Labor Conditions– Wagner Act

• Social Security Act

The New Deal Affects Many Groups

• Women

• African-Americans

• Native Americans

• New Deal Coalition

Culture of the 1930s

• Motion Pictures and Radio

• Art

• Writers

Impact of the New Deal

• Banking• Social Security• The Environment