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Prof. T. L. Frison
Cell Phones OffPlease!!
No food or drinks!
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4.1 Plasma Membrane Structure
and Function
Regulates the entrance and exit of molecules into and
out of the cell Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Hydrophilic polar heads
Hydrophobic nonpolar tails
Cholesterol (animal cells)
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Fluid-mosaic Model of Plasma
Membrane Structure
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4.1 Plasma Membrane Structure
and Function Types of Membrane Proteins
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins Cell Recognition Proteins
Receptor Proteins
Enzymatic
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Proteins
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane
Differentially (selectively) Permeable
Factors that determine how a substance may betransported across a plasma membrane:
Size
Polar or Nonpolar
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How Molecules Cross the Plasma
Membrane
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Passage of Molecules into and out
of the Cell
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Diffusion and Osmosis
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Diffusion and Osmosis
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area ofhigher to lower concentration
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Process of Diffusion
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Diffusion and Osmosis
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area ofhigher to lower concentration
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide are two gases that candiffuse through the plasma membrane
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Gas Exchange in Lungs
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Osmosis
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a differentiallypermeable membrane.
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Osmosis
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a differentiallypermeable membrane.
Osmotic pressure is the pressure that develops in asystem due to osmosis.
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Osmosis Demonstration
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Osmosis
Isotonic: the solute concentration isequal inside and outside of a cell
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Osmosis
Isotonic: the solute concentration isequal inside and outside of a cell
Hypotonic: a solution has a lower soluteconcentration than the insideof a cell
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Osmosis
Isotonic: the solute concentration isequal inside and outside of a cell
Hypotonic: a solution has a lower soluteconcentration than the insideof a cell
Hypertonic: a solution has a higher soluteconcentration than the insideof a cell
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Osmosis in Animal
and Plant Cells
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Transport by Carrier Proteins
Carrier proteins combine with a molecule or ion to betransported across the membrane.
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Transport by Carrier Proteins
Carrier proteins combine with a molecule or ion to betransported across the membrane.
Carrier proteins are required for:
Facilitated Transport
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
Membrane Transport by Carrier Proteins
Carrier proteins combine with a molecule or ion to betransported across the membrane.
Carrier proteins are required for:
Facilitated Transport
Active Transport
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
MembraneActive Transport
Small molecules
Molecules combine with carrier proteins Molecules move against the concentration gradient
ATP is required
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The Sodium-Potassium Pump
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
MembraneVesicle Formation
Transport of large molecules
Requires ATP energy Keeps the macromolecule contained
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4.2 Permeability of the Plasma
MembraneVesicle Formation
Exocytosis - Vesicles form as a way to transportmolecules out of a cell
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Exocytosis
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Vesicle Formation
Endocytosis - Vesicles form as a way to transportmolecules into a cell
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Vesicle FormationVesicle Formation
Endocytosis - Vesicles form as a way to transportmolecules into a cell Phagocytosis: Large,particulate matter
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Vesicle FormationVesicle Formation
Endocytosis - Vesicles form as a way to transportmolecules into a cell Phagocytosis: Large,particulate matter
Pinocytosis: Liquids and small particles dissolved in liquid
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