Post on 25-Feb-2016
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Chordate Characteristics
UrochordatesTunicates & Sea Squirts
Cephalochordates Lancelets (Amphioxus)
Agnatha
Hagfish & Lamprey
AGNATHA
- True vertebrae- Gills
Lamprey
Chondrichthyes (cartilagenous fish)
Gnathostomes
2 chambered heart
Cat Shark EggOviparous
Dogfish Shark embryosOvoviviparous
Porbeagle embryo viviparous
LATERAL LINE
Osteichthyes
OSTEICHTHYES
• Bone in their skeleton • An operculum covering the gill
openings• A swimbladder or lungs• True scales• Paired fins• Ammonia excretion
Amphibia
Amphibians• 1st tetrapods
• Tetrapod• Ectothermic• 3-chambered heart (Double circulation)• Smooth skin, lacks scales (Desiccation
if dry)• Cutaneous respiration• Lungs• Excretes urea
METAMORPHOSIS
Tadpoles Frogs
Herbivorous Carnivorous
Aquatic Aquatic & Terrestrial
Single loop circulation Double loop circulation
Gills Lungs
EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
BIOINDICATORS
Reptile Characteristics
• Ectothermic
• Dry skin covered in scales
• Most have 2 pairs of short legs & clawed feet
• Oviparous reproduction
• Internal fertilization – to avoid desiccation of gametes
Eggs amniotic
Lungs to breathe
3 or 4 chambered heart
No metamorphosis
Hibernate & aestivate
Excretory Waste
• The excretory waste of the reptiles is uric acid
AVESEndothermicFeathers = modified scalesWingsHollow bones4 chambered heartAmniotic eggParental careCrop & gizzardAir sacs & lungsCounter-current circulationUric Acid excretion
PARENTAL CARE
Mammals• Endothermic• Mammary glands• Fur• 4 chambered heart• Diaphragm
MONOTREMES
Marsupials
EUTHERIANS