CN2140 Server IIKemtis KunanuraksapongMSIS with DistinctionMCT, MCITP, MCTS, MCDST, MCP, A+

Agenda

•Chapter 1: Introduction to Networking Concepts

•Exercise•Lab•Quiz

TCP/IP Protocol Suite• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol • Subnet

▫Subdividing TCP/IP networks into smaller groupings

• Subnet mask▫Used to identify which network the TCP/IP host

resides on• Default gateway

▫Allows a host to communicate with devices that reside on a remote network or location

IP Addressing•Each IP address consists of two

components:▫Network address — This portion of the IP

address is shared by all TCP/IP hosts on a particular network or subnet.

▫Host address — This comprises the portion of the IP address that is unique to a particular computer or host.

•Both combined form a unique IP address across an entire TCP/IP network

IPv4 Addressing•The most commonly used version used

today•Based on 32-bits (four bytes, or octets)

▫232 (4,294,967,296) possible addresses•IPv4 addresses are commonly

represented using what is called dotted-decimal notation:▫10.27.3.1▫192.1.120.84▫192.5.18.102

Classful Addressing•Each network class had a different

maximum number of nodes▫The first one to four bits identified the

network class, and the remaining bits comprised the network and host address fields

▫Class A▫Class B▫Class C

See Table 1-2 and 1-3 on Page 4 and 5

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

•The number of masked bits is specified with the CIDR notation

•Example:▫10.0.0.0/8

8 bits masked 24 bits for host numbering

Classless Addressing Examples

•15.234.48.34/24▫Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0▫Network address is 15.234.48.0▫Host address is 0.0.0.34

•203.23.47.234/16▫Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0▫Network address is 203.23.0.0▫Host address is 0.0.47.234

Subnetting

•Logical partitioning of an organization’s network address range into smaller blocks

•Network Address (Enterprise/corporation):▫16.52.0.0/16

•Site 1 has network address of:▫16.52.1.0/24

•Site 2 has network address of:▫16.52.2.0/24

Subnetting Example•Network Address

(Enterprise/corporation): 16.52.0.0/16▫Default Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0

•Site 1 has network address of:16.52.1.0▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes

255.255.255.0•Site 2 has network address of:

16.52.2.0▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes

255.255.255.0

Network Address Translation (NAT)•Hosts using private network addresses

can communicate with public networks only by using network address translation (NAT),

•Enables routing by mapping their private network address to a different, routable network address.

Loopback Address

•Specifies itself at address 127.0.0.1

IPv6 Addressing•IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length and

expressed in hexadecimal notation▫2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:13▫19:8a2e:0370:7334

•If an IPv6 address contains a series of sequential zeroes, the address can be shortened▫2001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:733

4▫2001:0:0:0:0:0:0:7334▫2001::7334

Domain Name System (DNS)

•Translates from Host name to IP addresses

•HOSTS files also translate from Host name to IP addresses

•See Figure 1-1 on Page 7

Traditional Top-Level Domain Names•.com – Commercial• .edu – Education•.gov – Agencies of U.S. federal

government•.net – Computers of network providers

and ISPs•.org – nongovernmental and nonprofit

organizations

Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)

•Describes the exact relationship between a host and its DNS domain

•Example:computer1.sales.adatum.com.▫Host name is computer1▫In the sales domain, which is in the

adatum second-level domain, which is in the .com top-level domain, which is under the “.” root domain.

Static Addresses

•When administering TCP/IP hosts, you can assign static IP addresses▫Must be configured and maintained

manually

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)•Simplifies the problem by automating the

assigning, tracking, and reassigning of IP addresses.

•Also to provide other important settings such as the default gateway, subnet mask, DNS, and so on.

•DHCP Relay Agent▫See Figure 1-2 on Page 11

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)•DHCPDISCOVER•DHCPOFFER•DHCPREQUEST•DHCPACK

Network Access Protection (NAP)•Windows Server 2008 provides the

Network Access Protection platform, which provides a policy enforcement mechanism to control access to a 2008 network▫Quarantine the device such as laptop that

does not have anti-virus

Assignment

•Summarize the chapter in your own word▫At least 75 words▫Due BEFORE class start on Thursday

•IP Address subnetting • Due BEFORE class over on Thursday

•Lab 1▫Due BEFORE class start on Monday

Assignment – IP Address Subnetting

•For full credit, you have to legibly demonstrate or illustrate how did you get the answer.

•The correct answer must include▫Subnet Mask▫Highest and lowest assignable IP address

• IP Address▫192.168.30.8/21▫10.3.5.1/5▫158.10.3.1/14▫192.10.1.40/28