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  • The deterioration of concrete by alkali-silica reac-tion of aggregates (ASR) and the e#ect of nuclear ra-diations on the ASR have been reviewed based onour studies on the mechanism of ASR and thee#ect of nuclear radiations on the resistivity of min-erals to alkaline solution. It has been found thatthe ASR is initiated by the attack of alkaline solu-tion in concrete to silicious aggregates to convertthem into hydrated alkali silicate. The consump-tion of alkali hydroxide by the aggregates inducesthe dissolution of Ca2� ions into the solution. Thealkali silicate surrounding the aggregates thenreacts with Ca2� ions to convert to insoluble tightand rigid reaction rims. The reaction rim allowsthe penetration of alkaline solution but preventsthe leakage of viscous alkali silicate, so that alkali sil-icate generated afterward is accumulated in the ag-gregate to give an expansive pressure enough forcracking the aggregate and the surrounding con-crete. The e#ect of nuclear radiation on thereactivity of quartz and plagioclase, a part of majorminerals composing volcanic rocks as popular aggre-gates, to alkaline solution has been examined forclarifying whether nuclear radiations acceleratesthe ASR. It has been found that the irradiation ofthese minerals converts them into alkali-reactiveamorphous ones. The radiation dose for plagioclaseis as low as 108 Gy, which suggests that the ASR ofconcrete surrounding nuclear reactors is possible tobe accelerated by nuclear radiation.

    Key words: concrete alkali-silica reaction, nuclear ra-diation, amorphization, quartz, plagioclase, nuclearpower plant

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