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HRSHRS

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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Available Plant EnergyAvailable Plant Energy

70% of Total Net Heat (HP Steam)

HOTI.P.

EXCHANGER

COLDI.P.

EXCHANGER

PRODUCTACID

SULF UR

T OST ACK

AIR

CONVERT ER

4

3

2

1

T HIS DRAWING IS THE PROPERT Y OF

M ECS, INC.

INF ORM AT ION AND KNOW HOW HEREON ARE CONF IDENT IALAND M AY NOT BE USED, REPRODUCED, OR REVEALED T OOT HERS EXCEPT IN ACCORD WIT H CONTRACT OR OT HER

WRIT TEN PERM ISSION OF M ECS INC. ANY REPRODUCT IONS INWHOLE OR IN PART INCLUDING SHOP DRAWINGS SHALL BEAR

OR REFER T O T HIS STAM P.

M ECS, INC.ST . LOUIS, M ISSOURI

CONVENT IONAL SULFUR BURNINGPROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

0XXXX

REVM EN

CHECKED

DRAWN USER

BY

07/06

DAT E APP'DDATE

CLIENT LOCAT ION

INLET AIR F ILT ER

DRYING T OWERM ESH PAD

DRYINGT OWER

M AINCOM PRESSOR

SULF UR BURNER

WAST EHEAT

BOILER 1

F INALT OWER

COM BINAT ION PUM P T ANK

BF WPREHEAT ER

COM M ON ACIDCOOLER

PRODUCT ACIDCOOLER

DEAERATOR

DEM INH2O

ST EAMVENT

COM M ON STEAM DRUM

HPST EAM

EXPORT

HPBLOW-DOWN

LPST EAMIM PORT

F ROMBLOW-DOWNT ANK

CWS CWR

CWS CWR

HP BF WPUM PS

F INAL T OWERM IST

ELIM INATORS

INT ERPASST OWER M ISTELIM INAT ORS

ECONOM IZ ER 3B

SUPERHEAT ER 1BSUPERHEAT ER 4A

/ ECONOM IZ ER4C/4A

INT ERPASST OWER

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Available Plant EnergyAvailable Plant Energy

<5% of Available Energy, lost to Cooling Water

HOTI.P.

EXCHANGER

COLDI.P.

EXCHANGER

PRODUCTACID

SULF UR

T OST ACK

AIR

CONVERT ER

4

3

2

1

THIS DRAWING IS T HE PROPERT Y OF

M ECS, INC.

INF ORM ATION AND KNOW HOW HEREON ARE CONFIDENT IALAND M AY NOT BE USED, REPRODUCED, OR REVEALED T OOTHERS EXCEPT IN ACCORD WIT H CONT RACT OR OT HER

WRITT EN PERM ISSION OF M ECS INC. ANY REPRODUCT IONS INWHOLE OR IN PART INCLUDING SHOP DRAWINGS SHALL BEAR

OR REF ER T O T HIS ST AM P.

M ECS, INC.ST . LOUIS, M ISSOURI

CONVENTIONAL SULFUR BURNINGPROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

0XXXX

REVM EN

CHECKED

DRAWN USER

BY

07/06

DATE APP'DDATE

CLIENT LOCAT ION

INLET AIR F ILTER

DRYING T OWERM ESH PAD

DRYINGT OWER

M AINCOM PRESSOR

SULFUR BURNER

WAST EHEAT

BOILER 1

F INALT OWER

COM BINAT ION PUM P T ANK

BFWPREHEATER

COM M ON ACIDCOOLER

PRODUCT ACIDCOOLER

DEAERAT OR

DEM INH2O

ST EAMVENT

COM M ON STEAM DRUM

HPST EAM

EXPORT

HPBLOW-DOWN

LPST EAMIM PORT

F ROMBLOW-DOWNT ANK

CWS CWR

CWS CWR

HP BF WPUM PS

F INAL TOWERM IST

ELIM INAT ORS

INT ERPASSTOWER M ISTELIM INAT ORS

ECONOM IZ ER 3B

SUPERHEAT ER 1BSUPERHEAT ER 4A

/ ECONOM IZ ER4C/4A

INT ERPASSTOWER

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Available Plant EnergyAvailable Plant Energy

<20% of Available Energy, lost to Cooling Water

HOTI.P.

EXCHANGER

COLDI.P.

EXCHANGER

PRODUCTACID

SULFUR

TOSTACK

AIR

CONVERT ER

4

3

2

1

THIS DRAWING IS THE PROPERTY OF

M ECS, INC.

INF ORM AT ION AND KNOW HOW HEREON ARE CONF IDENTIALAND M AY NOT BE USED, REPRODUCED, OR REVEALED TOOTHERS EXCEPT IN ACCORD WITH CONTRACT OR OT HER

WRITTEN PERM ISSION OF M ECS INC. ANY REPRODUCT IONS INWHOLE OR IN PART INCLUDING SHOP DRAWINGS SHALL BEAR

OR REF ER TO THIS STAM P.

M ECS, INC.ST . LOUIS, M ISSOURI

CONVENTIONAL SULFUR BURNINGPROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

0XXXX

REVM EN

CHECKED

DRAWN USER

BY

07/06

DATE APP'DDATE

CLIENT LOCATION

INLET AIR F ILTER

DRYING TOWERM ESH PAD

DRYINGTOWER

M AINCOM PRESSOR

SULFUR BURNER

WASTEHEAT

BOILER 1

F INALTOWER

COM BINATION PUM P TANK

BF WPREHEATER

COM M ON ACIDCOOLER

PRODUCT ACIDCOOLER

DEAERATOR

DEM INH2O

STEAMVENT

COM M ON STEAM DRUM

HPST EAM

EXPORT

HPBLOW-DOWN

LPSTEAMIM PORT

F ROMBLOW-DOWNT ANK

CWS CWR

CWS CWR

HP BFWPUM PS

F INAL TOWERM IST

ELIM INATORS

INT ERPASSTOWER M ISTELIM INATORS

ECONOM IZ ER 3B

SUPERHEATER 1BSUPERHEAT ER 4A

/ ECONOM IZER4C/4A

INTERPASSTOWER

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Energy Recovery OptionsEnergy Recovery Options

Key is incremental energy recoverySite-wide analysis (capacities, efficiencies, etc.) Absorbing Heat Recovery

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OpportunityOpportunityKey is incremental energy recoverySite-wide analysis (capacities, efficiencies, etc.) Absorbing Heat Recovery

HRS

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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HRS BenefitHRS Benefit

94%70%Heat Recovered

0.40-0.480 HRS Steam ton/ton

1.2-1.31.2-1.3HP Steam ton/ton

HRSConventional

-18 tph of steam per 1000 MTPD

-3 MW of power per 1000 MTPD

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How?How?

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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Two Stage HRSTwo Stage HRS

STEAMINJECTION

VESSEL

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER

LPSTEAMIMPORT

HRS BOILER

HRSHEATER

HRSPREHEATER

HRSDILUTER

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER MISTELIMINATORS

GAS OUT

GAS IN

STAGE 2ACID IN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

TREATEDWATER

DEAERATORAND BFW PUMP

IP STEAM

BLOWDOWN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

HRSDRAIN PUMPS

FROM ACIDSYSTEM

Replaces tower and pump tank

Replaces acid cooler(s)

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HRS FundamentalsHRS FundamentalsRaise acid temperature above boiling point of 3-10 barg steamControl acid concentration between 98.5-99.6%Install equipment with High Grade Stainless Steel

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Operating WindowOperating Window

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Raise Acid TemperatureRaise Acid Temperature

STEAMINJECTION

VESSEL

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER

LPSTEAMIMPORT

HRS BOILER

HRSHEATER

HRSPREHEATER

HRSDILUTER

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER MISTELIMINATORS

GAS OUT

GAS IN

STAGE 2ACID IN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

TREATEDWATER

DEAERATORAND BFW PUMP

IP STEAM

BLOWDOWN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

HRSDRAIN PUMPS

FROM ACIDSYSTEM

200 °C200 °C

Up to 10 barg steamUp to 10 barg steam

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Control Acid ConcentrationControl Acid Concentration

STEAMINJECTION

VESSEL

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER

LPSTEAMIMPORT

HRS BOILER

HRSHEATER

HRSPREHEATER

HRSDILUTER

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER MISTELIMINATORS

GAS OUT

GAS IN

STAGE 2ACID IN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

TREATEDWATER

DEAERATORAND BFW PUMP

IP STEAM

BLOWDOWN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

HRSDRAIN PUMPS

FROM ACIDSYSTEM

98.6% H98.6% H22SOSO44

99.6% H99.6% H22SOSO44

99.6% H99.6% H22SOSO44

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Install Safe MaterialsInstall Safe MaterialsTeflon-linedStainless steel

ZeCor-310M

STEAMINJECTION

VESSEL

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER

LPSTEAMIMPORT

HRS BOILER

HRSHEATER

HRSPREHEATER

HRSDILUTER

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER MISTELIMINATORS

GAS OUT

GAS IN

STAGE 2ACID IN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

TREATEDWATER

DEAERATORAND BFW PUMP

IP STEAM

BLOWDOWN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

HRSDRAIN PUMPS

FROM ACIDSYSTEM

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Single Stage HRSSingle Stage HRS

STEAMINJECTION

VESSEL

LPSTEAMIMPORT

HRS BOILER

HRSHEATER

HRSDILUTER

GAS OUT

GAS IN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

TREATEDWATER

DEAERATORAND BFW PUMP

IP STEAM

BLOWDOWN

TO ACIDSYSTEM

HRSDRAIN PUMPS

HEATRECOVERY

TOWER

INTERPASSTOWER

FROM ACIDSYSTEM

INTERPASSTOWER MISTELIMINATORS

FROMACID

SYSTEM

TO ACIDSYSTEM

New mist eliminatorsNew mist eliminators

New ductNew duct

No PreheaterNo Preheater

One packing stageOne packing stage

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Single Stage DifferencesSingle Stage Differences

No preheater (usually cost benefit)Single packing stage (cost benefit)Similar steam production (approximately the same but more sensitive to water balance)

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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Execution StrategyExecution Strategy

Project GoalDesign BasisBattery LimitsMECS Provides Technology and Critical EquipmentLocal Engineering PartnerLocal EPC Partner

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Execution StrategyExecution Strategy

Technology

&

Equipment

Owner

MECS Detailed

Engineering

Procurement

+ Installation

Parties Approved by MECS

Package Details

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study

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ReferencesReferences

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HRS Reference FactsHRS Reference Facts83% of Sold HRS to customers with more than 1 HRS0 Successful Commercialized AlternativesPlant Rates from 240 MTPD to 4400 MTPDSulfur Burning, Pyrite, and Metallurgical References

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Why is HRS successful?Why is HRS successful?

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HRS SuccessHRS Success

HRS Delivers Guaranteed Steam ProductionHRS Operates with High Reliability (Two Lions, 12 hours of lifetime downtime over 3 years, >99.5%)Long Equipment Life

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Case: Met. Revamp w/HRSCase: Met. Revamp w/HRS

37.50MP Steam, MT/h

23.310.8HP Steam, MT/h

27201700Plant Rate, MTPD

After expansion and HRS conversion

Before

~3 year payback at $15/tonne

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TopicsTopicsEnergy and Sulfuric AcidHRS BenefitTechnical DescriptionProject Execution StrategyExperience and Case Study