Continuing Traditions

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Use pages 245-247 of your textbook to complete the Fact Finder

Activity

In 332BC, the Judean Empire faced anotherconqueror Alexander the Great

I. The Maccabees

He loved Greek culture and brought manycustoms to his conquered lands, includingJudah, which was then called Judaea

In 200 BC, a Greek ruler outlawed Judaism and forced all Judeans to worship Greek gods

In 167BC a man named Judah led a revolt

Judah became known as Judah Maccabee

The revolt is remembered as the Revolt of the Maccabees

Judah Maccabee and his recruits recaptured Jerusalem and all of Judaea.

They restored Jewish worship in the temple

In 63BC, the Roman Empire took control of Judaea

They chose Jewish Kings loyal to Rome.

The people rebelled, and in AD 70, the Romans left the Temple in ruins

After the second Temple was destroyed, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zaccai founded a Jewish school in Yavneh south of Jerusalem

The school grew into a center for Jewish life

Synagogues, too continued to gain importance

In AD 132, the Jewish people tried to overthrow the Romans

Simon Bar Kokhba was the leader of the revolt

The Romans crushed the revolt

They sent all of the Jews of Jerusalem into exile

Jewish people would not rule Judaea again for 1,800 years

The Hebrew Bible is both history and literature

It tells the stories of the Jewish people to about 300BC

II. The Writings of Judaism

Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible has three parts

1. First is the Torah or “the Law”, including the Ten Commandments

2. Next is the Nevi’im or “the Prophets”

3. Last is the Ketuvim, or “the Writings”

Genesis is the first book of the Torah, which explains how the universe was created

The Nevi’im includes the works of Jeremiah and Ezekiel, who spoke to the Jewish people as representatives of God

It also tells the stories of Israelite kings, such as David and Solomon

Rosh Hashanah is the first day of the Jewish New Year and the beginning of the ten High Holy Days

Is known as the Day of Judgment

Jews believe that on this day, God judges them

They examine their actions of the past year

III. Jewish Traditions and Influence

Yom Kippur is the last day of the High Holy Days

Is known as the Day of Atonement

Jews express regret for their sins and ask for God to forgive them

Passover is an important holiday that marks the Israelites’ escape from Egypt

Judaism influenced two of the world’s largest religions, Christianity and Islam

Summarize any information that you either researched or observed today that they enjoyed learning about.

Wrap Up