Post on 16-Oct-2021
transcript
Declarative Design
Jonathan Bachrach
EECS UC Berkeley
October 13, 2015
This Time 1
introduce declarative design – what not how?seedlings
News 2
lab 5 due thursdaytwo more weeks of lecturethen project proposals
Low Chair by Martin Ohlson 3
Fine Chair by Olle Gustafsson 4
Barcelona Chair 5
Metal Chair 1930 6
Bamboo Chair by Brave Space Designs 7
Design Problem as Optimization 8
each chair takes a huge effort to design and fabricateneed to quickly explore design spaceexplore as much as possible to ensure best designsomehow specify requirements
What is a Chair? 9
Chair Definition from dictionary.com 10
Elephant Degrees of Freedom by Von Neumann 11
With four parameters I can fit an elephant, and with five I can make himwiggle his trunk – Von Neumann
Chair Degrees of Freedom 12
Chair Sketch One 13
Chair Sketch Two 14
Breathing by uyingdesign.com 15
Hanging Chair by Giovanni Travasa 16
Supported Hanging Chair by Yahki Rattan 17
Bar Chair by Pierre Paulin 18
Pole Chair by Nicola Trudgen 19
Chair Sketch Three 20
Chair Sketch Four? 21
Flat Chair by Sarah Fisher Paculdo 22
Folding Chair by Brain Stream Design Studio 23
Accordian Chair by Chishen Chiu 24
Lightweight Chair by Mark Hagen 25
Storage Chair by Fishbol Furniture 26
Beautiful Chair by Michael Bihain 27
How Do We Express Definition? 28
know one when we see one ...obviously if articulating what we like is helpfulbut want to find design ...
need more computational expression of goodnessneed to be able to measure (un)desireable propertiesneed to be able to combine measures
Optimization 29
explore design spacefind best design point(s) whileminimizing computation
Find Chair Voxels 30
remove non chair voxels
Generative Challenges 31
completenessminimalitycoverageefficiency
Tractable Generators 32
Evolutionary – by exampleGenerative GrammarsProcedural Generators
Evolutionary 33
Chair Grammar? 34
Generative Grammar 35
Design Space Exploration 36
generallygenerate candidatescollect best based on goodness
want toavoid generating bad candidates
Chair Goodness Function 37
supportstrength to weightsizeetc
translate into measurable entity
Holy Crank Example 38
want speed holes in crankvariedbalancedgiven densityavoid screw holes
random speed holes is too slowhow to write tractable generator?
Holy Crank Outputs 39
Uniform Point in Circle 40
Holy Crank Solution 41
divide crank into pie slicessample according to densitymaintain free listonly add hole if it improves balance
Holy Crank Demo 42
gear -step :density 0.5 :num-speed-holes 100
Furniture Layout 43
placement of furniture optimizedmoves – translation and rotationscost functionsimulated annealing
Furniture Layout Cost Function 44
functional criteriaclearancecirculationconversation
visual criteriabalancealignmentemphasis
merrell + schkufza + li + agrawala + koltun
Individual Terms 45
merrell + schkufza + li + agrawala + koltun
Simulated Annealing Algorithm 46
T <- initial temperature
L <- initial layout
C <- cost( layout )
until (equilibrium reached)
S,M <- choose stencil,move
L’ <- L + S,M // move and relayout
C’ <- cost(L’) // update cost
if ((C’ - C) is acceptable)
L <- L’
T <- schedule(T)
Furniture Moves 47
translationrotations
Robot Design is Absurd 48
domo by meka robotics
Factoring Design 49
skeletal specificationtransformationssmaller search space!reduced degrees of freedom
2d -> 3d – Extrusions 50
draw in 2d – extrude into 3deasier and more robust than 3d modeling
1d -> 3d – Generalized Cylinders 51
ballard + brown
Abstracting Function 52
build system out of abstract functionssay what it does but not howplace holders for efficient implementations
Abstract Joints 53
bullet physics manual
Rigging 54
Tubbrit
Furniture Components 55
casterspulls
Multiple Advantages 56
reduced search spacekeeps design higher level and intuitiveseparates concernsencourages modularitypowerful lower dimensional generator
Future Lectures 57
generative designdesign space exploration
Declarative Design Recap 58
what not how is powerfulspecification languagetractable generation of candidatescomputational goodness (and aesthetics)searching good designs
Fabricate Less – Simulate More 59
sketch chair
Readings For Today 60
Make It Stand: Balancing Shapes for 3d Fabrication by Prevost,Whiting, Lefebvre, Sorkine-HornungInteractive Furniture Layout Using Interior Design Guidelines byMake It Home: Automatic Optimization of Furniture Arrangement byYu, Yeung, Tang, Tezopoulos, Chan, OsherHalide: Decoupling Algorithms from Schedules for EasyOptimization of Image Processing Pipelines by Ragan-Kelley,Barnes, Adams, Paris, Durand, AmarasingheSpec2Fab: A Reducer-Tuner Model for Translating Specifications to3D Prints by chen, levin, didyk, sitthi-amorn, matusikComputational Design of Mechanical Characters by Coros,Thomaszewski, Noris, Sudea, Forberg, Sumner, Matusik, Bickelsketch chair http://www.sketchchair.cc
Tradeoffs 61
weight versus strengthweight versus stabilitydurability versus pricecomfort versus style
Tradeoffs Challenges 62
how do we specify preferences?some are soft and others are hardhow do we measure success?
Optimization 63
explore design spacefind best design pointminimizing computation