Post on 27-Nov-2014
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Dental AnatomyIntroduction & NomenclatureThe Jaws & Dental Arches
A. The maxilla is two bones forming
the upper jaw; they are rigidly
attached to the skull.
B. The mandible is a horse-shoe shaped bone which articulates with the skull by way of the temporo-mandibular joint the TMJ.
The Jaws and Dental Arches. The Jaws and Dental Arches.
Quadrants:right & left quadrants Maxillary right and left.
Mandibular right and left.
Right Left
Right Left
Types of Teeth
Types of Dentitions:I-Primary Dentition
Deciduous ,baby, milk teeth: a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth. b. 10 in each arch c. 5 in each quadrant
In function:2 years 12 years
I-Primary Dentition
Mixed Dentition Period
6 years 12 years
Eruption of
first permanent molar
Shedding of last
primary
molar
Types of Dentitions:II-Permanent Dentition
In function:
12 years
through out life
II-Permanent Dentition
Permanent Teeth
Types of Dentitions:Primary & Permanent
Dentition
Tooth Identification Systems
Numbering or Coding Systems
1.Palmer Notation System2.Universal System3.International FDI System (two digit system)
1 1
Palmer Notation System
2 34
5
6
7
8
234
5
6
7
8
1 23
45
6
7
8
Right Left
AB
C
D
E
Palmer Notation System
for Primary Teeth
Two Digit System
FDI
1112131415
1617
18
21 222324
25262728
31 323334
35
36
37
38
414243
444546
47
481 2
34
For permanent teeth:
For primary teeth
5 6
78
Universal system
for Permanent Teeth
Universal System
for Primary Teeth
Anterior & Posterior Teeth
Anterior Teeth- Upper
lateral Central incisors
Canine
Anterior Teeth- Lower
lateral - Central incisors
Canine
Premolars:
First premolar &
Second premolar
Upper
Lower
Molars:
First & second
Upper
Lower
Surfaces of Teeth
Each tooth has 5 surfaces:1.Occlusal (Incisal), 2.Lingual, 3.Buccal, 4.Mesial, and5. Distal,
Surfaces of Teeth
Surfaces in between two teeth: • interproximal surfaces.
1. Facing towards the midline is MESIAL.
2. Facing away from the midline is DISTAL
FACIAL surface any surface on the outside
1.LABIAL is facial surface of the anterior teeth (green),
2. BUCCAL is the facial surface of the posterior teeth (blue).
LINGUAL The surfaces facing the tongue
PALATAL on the maxilla.
palatal
chewing/biting surfaces of teeth :
OCCLUSAL: chewing surfaces of posterior teeth
INCISAL: the anteriors’ biting surface
Macro & Micro-anatomy
of Teethcrown
neck
root
Single-rooted Multi-rooted
Micro-anatomy of Teeth
Pulp Cavity
1-Coronal pulp:• Pulp chamber• Pulp horns
2-Radicular pulp:• Root canal• Apical foramen
2-Radicular pulp:• Root canal• Apical foramen
Pulp Cavity
Anatomical Features of the Crown•Crown elevations:
• Mamelons:
• Cingulum:
• Cusp
Crown elevations:
• Triangular ridge
• Transverse ridge
• Oblique ridge
• Marginal ridge
•Ridges
• Linear ridges• Marginal • Cervical• Incisal• Labial • Buccal • Lingual
•Crown depressions
• Fossa
• sulcus
• Lingual fossa• triangular fossae• Central fossa
• Developmental groove
• Supplemental grooves
• Pits
• fissures
•Crown depressions