Post on 26-Oct-2014
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Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Deskripsi
(2/2)
Mesin
Stroke
Intake
Mesin Bensin
Kompresi
Pembakaran Busi menyalakan campuran udara-bahan bakar
yang terkompresi
Exhaust
Campuran udara-bahan bakar dibawa ke dalam silinder Hanya udara yang dibawa ke silinder
Piston mengkompresi campuran udara-bahan bakar . Piston mengkompresi udara untuk meningkatkan kedua tekanan ke kira-kira 3 MPa (30kgf/cm2,430 psi) dan temperatur ke kira-kira 500-800C (930-1,470 F).
bahan bakar is terinjeksi into heated, highly compressed udara, where it ignites due to heat of pressurized udara.
Piston memaksagas keluar silinder. Piston memaksa gas buangan keluar silinder.
Mesin Diesel
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Kondisi untuk Mengoperasikan Mesin Diesel
(1/1)
Kompresi
Sistem bahan bakar
Sistem preheating
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Kondisi untuk Mengoperasikan Mesin Diesel
(1/1)
100 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
tem
pera
tur
Temperatur Kompresi
(Initial temperatur 60C)
(kgf/cm2)tekanan (tekanan Absolut)
(kPa)
temperaturKompresi (Initial temperatur 20C)
(C)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Kondisi untuk Mengoperasikan Mesin Diesel
(1/1)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Kondisi untuk Mengoperasikan Mesin Diesel
(1/1)
Tipe glow plug Tipe intake heater
Glow plug
Intake heater
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Output Control pada Mesin Diesel
(1/1)
ECUBusi
Pompa injeksi
Mesin
Diesel
Mesin Bensin
Pedal gas
InjektorInjeksinozzle
Pedal gas
Dikontrol dengan mengatur jumlah bahan bakar terinjeksi. (Jumlah udara yang memasuki silinder tidak diatur.)
Dikontrol dengan mengatur jumlahcampuran udara-bahan bakar yang disuplai ke silinder menggunakan throttle valve.
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(1/3)
1. Kemampuan pembakaran bahan bakar diesel
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(2/3)
(C)
teka
nanK
ompr
esi
2. Hubungan antara Kompresi ratio dan Kompresi tekanan atau suhu
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
(MPa)(kgf/cm2)130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
temperatur
udara
Kompresi ratio
tekanan
Kompresi
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
tem
pera
tur
udar
a
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
teka
nan
Crank angel
3.Mesin Diesel Pembakaran process
(MPa)(kgf/cm2)
Injeksi bahan bakar berakhir
Injeksi bahan bakar
100 75 50 25 TDC 25 50 75 100
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Injeksi bahan bakar mulai
Ignition
Pembakaran
Ignition delay
A
B
C
D
E
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Siklus Pembakaran
(3/3)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Diesel Knock
(1/2)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Deskripsi Diesel Knock
(2/2)
How to prevent knocking
1. Perbandingan antara diesel knock dan knocking Bensin
Items Mesin Diesel
Kompresi ratioudara supply temperaturKompresi tekanansilinder temperaturbahan bakar ignition pointIgnition delay
Mesin Bensin
RaiseRaiseRaiseRaiseLowerShorte
n
LowerLowerLowerLowerRaise
Lengthen
t
Knocking
Diesel knock knocking Bensin
PKnocking Pembakaran Normal
Pembakaran Normal
Injeksi
Ignitionhanya
Kompresi
hanya
Kompresi
P
t
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Piston
(1/1)
Turbocharger
Supercharger
Cooling channel
Oil jet
Heat dam
No.1 piston ring groove
FRM(Fiber - Reinforced metal)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Piston Ring
(1/1)
Semi-keystone ring(No.1 Kompresi ring)
1.Deskripsi/2.Peran semi-keystone ring
Tapered ring(No.2 Kompresi ring)
Solid ring dengan kumparan(Oil ring)
Tapered under-cut ring(No.2 Kompresi ring)
Three piece tipe ring(Oil ring)
Pistonsilinder
Sludge
Semi-keystonering
Peran semi-keystone ring
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Bilik Pembakaran
(1/3)
nozzle
Injeksi
1. Deskripsi2. Bilik pembakaran tipe injeksi langsung
kepala silinder
bilik
Pembakaran
Piston
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Bilik Pembakaran
(2/3)
Glow plug
3. Bilik Pembakaran tipe Lingkar
nozzle injeksi
kepala silinder
Swirl bilik
Transfer passage
MainPembakaranbilik
Piston
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Bilik Pembakaran
(3/3)
tipe Troidal Tipe Reentrant
4.Shape of piston
head
Tipe Square Tipe Spring leaf
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Silinder Liner
(1/1)
silinderliner
(A) = 0.01 - 0.1mm ( ~ AUG.1998 B series Mesin)
1.Deskripsi
silinder block
tipe Linerless
tipe Liner
silinder block silinder liner
silinder block
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Kepala Silinder Gasket
(1/1)
1.Deskripsi
Mark B,D or F
Cutoutmark
A-A’ cross sectionPistonProtrusion
Piston
silinder block
kepala silinder gasket (3L Mesin)
A A’
BD
F
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Mekanisme Katup
(1/2)
Adjusting screw (1)
1.Four-valve mechanism
Camshaft
Roller
Valve rocker shaftGuide pin
Valve bridge
Valve rocker arm
Intake valve Exhaust valve
Valve bridge
Guide pin
Adjusting screw (2)
Valve rocker arm Adjusting screw (1)
Adjusting screw (2)
Valve bridge
Guide pin
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Mesin Proper Mekanisme Katup
(2/2)
Contoh 1
Cancel switchscrew
2.Interval penggantian timing belt
Contoh 2
Interval penggantian timing belt
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Pelumasan Deskripsi
(1/2)
Water-cooled oil cooler
: dari pompa oli: ke pompa oli: ke Galeri oli utama: ke Oil pan
1.Oil Cooler
Oil cooler
Oil filter
Relief valve for oil pompa
Relief valve for oil cooler
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Pelumasan Deskripsi
(2/2)
Piston
silinder block
2.Oil Nozzle
REFERENSI:
•Dua tipe Check Valve
Galeri oli utama
Oil nozzle
Check ball
Check valve
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Pendinginan Deskripsi
(1/1)
Viscous tipe power heater (1HD-FTE Mesin)
Magnet clutch
1HD-FTE Mesin viscous tipe power heater:/Contoh:
Power heater
Heater hose
Coolant
Rearheater
Frontheater
Mesin
Power heater amp. Idle up switchIgnition switch
udara conditioningmagnet clutch signal
Magnetclutch
Power heater
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Deskripsi
(1/1)
filter
bahan bakar
Injeksinozzle
Pompa injeksi
tangki
bahan bakar
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Priming Pump
(1/2)
dari bahan bakar tank
Aliran bahan bakar
1.Deskripsi
filter
bahan bakar
Priming pump
ke Pompa injeksi
Water sedimenter
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Priming Pump
(2/2)
bilik
pompa
2. Cara kerja
handle pompa
Diafragma
Outlet checkvalve
pompa Injeksi
tangki
bahan bakar
bahan bakar
nozzle Injeksi
Inlet checkvalve
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Priming Pump
(2/2)
bilik
pompa
Inlet checkvalve
handle
pompa Diafragma
Outlet checkvalve
pompa
Injeksi
nozzle
Injeksi
tangki
bahan bakar
bahan bakar
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Sedimenter Bahan Bakar
(1/1)
bahan bakar
air
Drain plug
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(1/4)
1.Deskripsi
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(2/4)
Nozzle holder
teka
na
n
2. Pentingnya menyesuaikan tekanan pembukaan nozzle
Overflow pipe
Adjusting shim
Distance piece
tekanan spring
tekanan pin
Nozzle body
Retaining nut
Nozzle needle
Time
Injeksivolume
Pompa injeksidischarge tekanan
Correct Injeksi timing
Correct nozzleopening tekanan
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(2/4)
Nozzle holder
teka
na
n
Overflow pipe
Adjusting shim
Distance piece
tekanan spring
tekanan pin
Nozzle body
Retaining nut
Nozzle needle
TimeAdvanced Injeksi timing
Low
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(2/4)
Nozzle holder
teka
na
n
Overflow pipe
Adjusting shim
Distance piece
tekanan spring
tekanan pin
Nozzle body
Retaining nut
Nozzle needle
TimeRetarded Injeksi timing
High
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(3/4)
Nozzle holderretaining nut
3.Two-stage
nozzle injeksi
Nozzlebody
Needletip
Tip packing
No.3 tekananspring washer
No.2 tekananspring seat
No.1 tekananspring seat
No.1 tekananspring
tekanan pin
No.1 tekanan spring washer (adjusting shim)
No.2 tekanan spring washer (adjusting shim)
Nozzle holder body
Straight pin
No.2 tekananspring
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(4/4)
(2)Cara kerja
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Nozzle injeksi
(4/4)
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(1/2)
1.Construction
Delivery valve
Injeksipompa side
Valve seat
Gasket
Valve springDelivery valve holder
Injeksinozzle side
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(2/2)
2.Cara kerja
sisi
nozzle injeksi
Operating stroke
sisi
Pompa injeksi
Relief valve Valve face
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(2/2)
nozzle injeksiside
Operating stroke
Pompa injeksiside
Relief valve Valve face
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(2/2)
nozzle injeksiside
Operating stroke
Pompa injeksiside
Relief valve Valve face
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(2/2)
sisi
nozzle injeksi
Operating stroke
sisi
Pompa injeksi
Relief valve Valve face
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Delivery Valve
(2/2)
nozzle injeksi
Faulty
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Bahan Bakar Pengurasan Udara Sistem Bahan Bakar
(1/1)
1. Melakukan bleeding terhadap udara antara tangki bahan bakar dan Pompa injeksi [sisi tekanan rendah)2. Bleeding udara antara Pompa injeksi dan nozzle injeksi (sisi tekanan tinggi) Priming pompa
pompa handle
Union nut
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Deskripsi
(1/1)
1. Pentingnya Sistem preheating
Panas Kompresit suilt naik
Kebocoran tekanan
Kompresi
Cranking speed rendah
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Glow Plug
(1/1)
Thermal coil
Control coil
temperaturGlow plug (°C)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Durasi arus mengalir (sec.)
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Sistem Glow
(1/2)
1.Deskripsi lampu indikator glow
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Sistem Glow
(2/2)
2.Cara kerja sistem glow (Tipe super
glow ) Glow plug relay
REFERENCE:• Fixed-delay tipe Circuit
S-REL
Timer 1
Tim
e (s
ec.)
THW
E2
Timer 2
Timer 3
G-IND
STA
NE+
NE-
Glow indicator
STON
Ignitionswitch
NE signal
Glowindicator
Glow plugrelay
ONOFF
ONOFF
ONOFF
ONOFF
t1
t2 t3
t1
t2
t3
Ignition switch
Crankshaftposition sensor
Preheating timer atau emission control ECU
REFERENCE:• Variable-delay tipe Circuit
Tim
e (s
ec.)
Tim
e (s
ec.)
Coolant temp.
Coolant temp.
Coolant temp.
Glow plugs
Sensor temperatur air
STOFF
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Perlengkapan Lain Intake Shutter
(1/1)
1.Deskripsi
VSV
Valve
Diafragma
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Perlengkapan Lain Intake Shutter
(1/1)
VSV
Katup
Diafragma
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Perlengkapan Lain Intake Shutter
(1/1)
VSV
Katup
Diafragma
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Perlengkapan Lain Intake Shutter
(1/1)
VSV
Katup
Diafragma
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem Pelumasan Dua Tipe Check Valve
(1/1)
Pegas
Dari Main oilgallery
Check valve
ke Oil nozzles
Check ball
Oil nozzle
Check valve
Spring
Check ball
1 2
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Sirkuit tipe Fixed-delay
(1/1)
Waktu penyalaan lampu indikator: /
Waktu preheating: AM1
Ignition switch
IG2
Glow indicatorlight
ke Voltege regulatorterminal L
Pre
heat
ing
timer
AM2
IG1
ST2
Glow plugs
Glow plugrelay
Diagnosis Technician >> Mesin Diesel >> Mesin Diesel
Sistem preheating Sirkuit tipe Variable-delay
(1/1)
AM1
Ignition switch
IG2
Glow indicatorlight
ke Voltege regulatorterminal L
Pre
heat
ing
timer
AM2
IG1
ST2
Glow plugs
Glow plugrelay
Sensor temperatur air
Waktu penyalaan lampu:/
Waktu preheating: