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Mr. Gibson – Classroom Discussion & Activities Room
213Laboratory Exercises Room 214Unit Length Estimated 10 days
Unit Spanning 10-October through 19-October 2011
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Section 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives:
1. Review prior knowledge by being able to locate the Earth within the solar system;
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Section 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives:
2. Identify the concept of axial tilt and then compare & contrast earth’s with [that] of the two nearest “terrestrial planets” Mars & Venus;
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Section 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives:
6. Define and use the terms associated with this unit.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 1. Review prior knowledge by being able to locate the Earth within the solar system;
Can you indicate which planet is
Earth?
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 1. Review prior knowledge by being able to locate the Earth within the solar system;
Yes! There it is! The 3rd planet from the
sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 2. Identify the concept of axial tilt and then compare & contrast earth’s with [that] of the two nearest “terrestrial planets” Mars & Venus
Image source url – http://www.calgary.rasc.ca
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
If we use our right hand; first “point” and then “wrap” our four fingers in the direction of the Earth’s rotation…
FIRST!! – We have to define the direction of rotation for planets. To do this we will use the convention called the
“Right-Hand-Rule”
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Next; hold our thumb straight up at a 90 degree angle to our curved, wrapped fingers…
FIRST!! – We have to define the direction of rotation for planets. To do this we will use the convention called the
“Right-Hand-Rule”
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
… our thumb will be pointing to the Earth’s geographic “north pole” (not to be confused with a “magnetic” north pole).
FIRST!! – We have to define the direction of rotation for planets. To do this we will use the convention called the
“Right-Hand-Rule”
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Now that we have defined the geographic “north pole” for Earth; it is also like all the other planets – they all rotate about the sun on an “orbital plane” (or disk).
http://mistupid.com/astronomy/orbits.htm
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
If the planet’s “geographic north pole” is anything other than perpendicular to the orbital plane about the sun… it is said to have an “axial tilt” –or- “obliquity”.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Therefore; a planet’s axial tilt –or- its “obliquity” is the angle that its geographical north pole [is] from its being at 90 degrees –or- perpendicular to its orbital plane about the sun.
2) An axis that is perpendicular to the orbital plane.
1) Planet’s orbital plane around the
sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Therefore; a planet’s axial tilt –or- its “obliquity” is the angle that its geographical north pole [is] from its being at 90 degrees –or- perpendicular to its orbital plane about the sun.
2) An axis that is perpendicular to the orbital plane.
3) Planet’s geographical “north
pole” – using the “right-hand-rule”
showing it to be NOT 90 degrees, but at
some angle.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
For the planet Earth; it’s “axial” tilt –or- “obliquity” is 23.4 degrees from the vertical [as] the gif animation on the left shows.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
With our thumb pointing to the Earth’s geographic “north pole” AND our finger-tips pointing & wrapping in the direction of the Earth’s rotation…
NEXT – we will return to the “Right-Hand-Rule”
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
… IF… our fingers (hence the Earth’s direction of rotation is in the SAME direction of the Earth’s orbital travel about the sun…
NEXT – we will return to the “Right-Hand-Rule”
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
… IF… our fingers (hence the Earth’s direction of rotation is in the SAME direction of the Earth’s orbital travel about the sun
NEXT – we will return to the “Right-Hand-Rule”
Direction of planetary “axial” rotation
Direction of planetary orbit around the sun
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
… then the planet’s “axial” rotation is said to be PRO-grade. If the “axial” rotation is in the OPPOSITE direction of its travel about the sun it is RETROgrade.
NEXT – we will return to the “Right-Hand-Rule”
Direction of planetary “axial” rotation
Direction of planetary orbit around the sun
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
PRO-grade planetary “axial” rotation
Direction of planetary orbit around the sun
RETRO-grade planetary “axial” rotation
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
So let’s check what we’ve learned so far…
Earth is a planet that has a “___________ (*) rotation and a _______degree tilt to its (“__________”)rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives (2) – Compare & Contrast Earth’s Axial Tilt (to the orbital plane) [to] the two nearest “terrestrial” planets Mars & Venus
Earth is a planet that has a “PROgrade (*) rotation and a _______degree tilt to its (“__________”) -or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives (2) – Compare & Contrast Earth’s Axial Tilt (to the orbital plane) [to] the two nearest “terrestrial” planets Mars & Venus
Earth is a planet that has a “PROgrade (*) rotation and a 23.4 degree tilt to its (“__________”) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives (2) – Compare & Contrast Earth’s Axial Tilt (to the orbital plane) [to] the two nearest “terrestrial” planets Mars & Venus
Earth is a planet that has a “PROgrade (*) rotation and a 23.4 degree tilt to its (“obliquity ”) -or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Okay; let’s take a look at the “terrestrial” planet Mars –and then – Venus.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeMars, like Earth is a “rocky” or Terrestrial Planet.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life Reviewing prior knowledge – can you locate Mars within the solar system?
Can you indicate which planet is
Earth?
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life Reviewing prior knowledge – can you locate Mars within the solar system?
Can you indicate which planet is
Earth?If you had said it was the 4th
planet out from the sun you’d
be correct.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Mars’ “obliquity” or axial tilt is very close to Earth’s at 29. 15 degrees.
Its axial rotation with respect to its orbital plane about the sun is PRO-grade as well.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
And last; let’s take a look at the “terrestrial” planet Venus.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus too is a “rocky” or “terrestrial” planet.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life Reviewing prior knowledge – can you locate Venus within the solar system?
Can you indicate which
planet is Earth?
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life Reviewing prior knowledge – can you locate Venus within the solar system?
Can you indicate which
planet is Earth?If you had said it was the 2nd
planet out from the sun you’d
be correct.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus is a bit “odd” in terms of “obliquity” [as] it has “slipped” on its axial rotational orbit quite a bit.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus’ “obliquity” is 177
degrees.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
And because Venus’ axis of rotation has slipped so much --
its rotational motion with respect to its orbital plane
about the sun is classified as
RETRO-grade.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSo let’s review quickly –
Mars is a planet that has a “_________ rotation and a _____degree tilt to its (“obliquity ”) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Mars
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSo let’s review quickly –
Mars is a planet that has a “_Prograde__ rotation and a _____degree tilt to its (“obliquity ”) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Mars
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSo let’s review quickly –
Mars is a planet that has a “_Prograde__ rotation and a _29.15__degree tilt to its (“obliquity ”) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Mars
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus is a planet that has a “_______”_ rotation and a ________degree tilt to its (_________) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus is a planet that has a “_Retrograde__ rotation and a ________degree tilt to its (__________) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus is a planet that has a “_Prograde__ rotation and a _177__degree tilt to its (___________) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of Life
Venus is a planet that has a “_Prograde__ rotation and a _177__degree tilt to its (“obliquity”) –or- rotational plane about the sun.
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 2. Identify the concept of axial tilt and then compare & contrast earth’s with [that] of the two nearest “terrestrial planets” Mars & Venus
Image source url – http://www.calgary.rasc.ca
Mars
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 2. Identify the concept of axial tilt and then compare & contrast earth’s with [that] of the two nearest “terrestrial planets” Mars & Venus
Image source url – http://www.calgary.rasc.ca
Mars Venus
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet EarthThe Planet of Life
Section 1.1 – Planet of Life – Informal Assessment (Drag n Drop):
Objectives 1 & 2:
Image source url – http://www.calgary.rasc.ca
Terrestrial Planet
Orbital Position from the
Sun
Obliquity to the Orbital Plane
Orbital Rotation
Venus
Earth
Mars
2nd
3rd
4th
177 deg.
23.4 deg
29.15 deg
Retrograde
Retrograde
Prograde
Prograde
Earth & Environmental SciencesUnit 3: Planet Earth
The Planet of LifeSection 1.1 – Planet of Life
Objectives: 2. Identify the concept of axial tilt and then compare & contrast earth’s with [that] of the two nearest “terrestrial planets” Mars & Venus Image source url – http://www.calgary.rasc.ca
Terrestrial Planet
Orbital Position from the
Sun
Obliquity to the Orbital Plane
Orbital Rotation
Venus 2nd 177 degrees
Retrograde
Earth 3rd 23.4 degrees
Prograde
Mars 4th 29.15 degrees
Prograde
Objective 1 & 2 Summary Table
Term Definition
The angle of axial tilt with respect to the orbital plane of rotation about the sun.
An axial rotation that is in the same direction as the direction of orbital rotation.
A convention that has the fingers wrapped & pointing in the same direction as axial rotation with the thumb pointing at 90 degrees.
An axial rotation that is in the opposite direction as the direction of orbital rotation.
The direction that lies 90 degrees perpendicular to the direction of axial rotation – indicated by the right hand thumb rule.
The term used for planets that are mostly made of rock.
The term used for a planet’s movement about a star.
Retrograde
Pro-grade
Obliquity Right-hand thumb
rule
Orbital plane of rotation
Terrestrial
Geographic North Pole
Term Definition
The angle of axial tilt with respect to the orbital plane of rotation about the sun.
An axial rotation that is in the same direction as the direction of orbital rotation.
A convention that has the fingers wrapped & pointing in the same direction as axial rotation with the thumb pointing at 90 degrees.
An axial rotation that is in the opposite direction as the direction of orbital rotation.
The direction that lies 90 degrees perpendicular to the direction of axial rotation – indicated by the right hand thumb rule.
The term used for planets that are mostly made of rock.
The term used for a planet’s movement about a star.
Retrograde
Pro-grade
Obliquity
Right-hand thumb rule
Orbital plane of rotation
Terrestrial
Geographic North Pole