Energy and Life Chapter 8.1

Organism that makes it’s own food Ex: plants

Autotroph

Organism that does not make it’s own food and must obtain energy from the food it eats.

EX. Humans, bugs, and dogs.

Heterotroph

                     tropical birdBy land.nick on Flickr www.flickr.com

Also known as adenosine tri-phosphate

Principal chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy

ATP

ATP consists of three parts◦Adenine group◦Ribose(5 carbon sugar)◦Three phosphate groups

ATP

ADP- (adenosine di-phosphate) looks just like ATP minus one of the phosphate groups.

When a cell has energy available it just adds the phosphate group to the ADP

This turns ADP into ATP

Storing Energy

To release energy you have to break the bonds between one of the phosphate groups in the ATP.

In other words you lose a phosphate

ATP turns into ADP

Releasing Energy

You use ATP to:◦Contract a muscle ◦In active transport◦In protein synthesis

Uses of ATP

The key to ATP is its third phosphate group and its ability to be added or removed.

Cells only keep a small amount of ATP on hand because it’s not actually good at storing energy, instead we use glucose.

RECAP