Environmental and Agricultural Modelling

Floor M. Brouwer ● Martin van IttersumEditors

Environmental and Agricultural Modelling

Integrated Approaches for Policy Impact Assessment

EditorsFloor M. BrouwerLEI Wageningen URP.O. Box 297032502 LS The HagueThe Netherlandsfloor.brouwer@wur.nl

Martin van IttersumWageningen UniversityPlant Production Systems GroupP.O. Box 4306700 AK WageningenThe Netherlandsmartin.vanittersum@wur.nl

ISBN 978-90-481-3618-6 e-ISBN 978-90-481-3619-3DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3619-3Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York

Library of Congress Control Number: 2009943042

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Printed on acid-free paper

Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

v

Preface

Agriculture faces increasingly the challenge of balancing its multiple functions in a sustainable way. Integrated assessment and modelling (IAM) can provide insight into the potential impacts of policy changes. However, concepts to address the wide range of issues and functions typical for agriculture are still scarce. The volume reviews and presents our current understanding of integrated and working tools to assess and com-pute, ex-ante, alternative agricultural and environmental policy options, allowing:

1. Analysis at the full range of scales (farm to European Union and global), whilst focusing on the most important issues emerging at each scale

2. Analysis of the environmental, economic and social contributions of agricultural systems towards sustainable rural development and rural viability

3. Analysis of a broad range of issues, such as climate change, environmental poli-cies, rural development options, effects of an enlarging EU, international compe-tition and effects on developing countries

This volume has a strong ‘lessons to be learnt’ emphasis, to facilitate and promote the use and further development of integrated assessment tools to support policies promoting agricultural development in support of sustainable development.

The book is an effort from many contributors whose input is much appreciated. The work presented in this volume has been (co-)funded by the SEAMLESS inte-grated project (January 2005–March 2009), EU 6th Framework Programme for Research Techno logical Development and Demonstration, Priority 1.1.6.3 Global Change and Ecosystems (European Commission, DG RTD, contract no. 010036-2); we gratefully acknowledge this support. We also appreciate the assistance provided by Mrs. Eline Bazen (LEI Wageningen UR) who took responsibility for guiding the publication process and preparing the chapters of the book.

July 2009 Floor BrouwerMartin van Ittersum

vii

Contents

1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 1Martin van Ittersum and Floor Brouwer

Part I Indicators and Concepts in Practice

2 Assessment of Multifunctionality and Jointness of Production ............ 11Nadine Turpin, Lee Stapleton, Eric Perret, C. Martijn van der Heide, Guy Garrod, Floor Brouwer, Vaclav Voltr, and Dominique Cairol

3 The Institutional Dimension in Policy Assessment ................................ 37Insa Theesfeld, Christian Schleyer, Konrad Hagedorn, Jean-Marc Callois, Olivier Aznar, and Johanna Alkan Olsson

Part II Advancements in Modelling, Data and Software

4 A Component-Based Framework for Simulating Agricultural Production and Externalities ................................................................... 63Marcello Donatelli, Graham Russell, Andrea Emilio Rizzoli, Marco Acutis, Myriam Adam, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Matteo Balderacchi, Luca Bechini, Hatem Belhouchette, Gianni Bellocchi, Jacques-Eric Bergez, Marco Botta, Erik Braudeau, Simone Bregaglio, Laura Carlini, Eric Casellas, Florian Celette, Enrico Ceotto, Marie Hélène Charron-Moirez, Roberto Confalonieri, Marc Corbeels, Luca Criscuolo, Pablo Cruz, Andrea di Guardo, Domenico Ditto, Christian Dupraz, Michel Duru, Diego Fiorani, Antonella Gentile, Frank Ewert, Christian Gary, Ephrem Habyarimana, Claire Jouany, Kamel Kansou, Rob Knapen, Giovanni Lanza Filippi, Peter A. Leffelaar, Luisa Manici, Guillaume Martin, Pierre Martin, Eelco Meuter, Nora Mugueta, Rachmat Mulia, Meine van Noordwijk, Roelof Oomen, Alexandra Rosenmund, Vittorio Rossi, Francesca Salinari, Ariel Serrano, Andrea Sorce, Grégoire Vincent, Jean-Pierre Theau, Olivier Thérond, Marco Trevisan, Patrizia Trevisiol, Frits K. van Evert, Daniel Wallach, Jacques Wery, and Arezki Zerourou

viii Contents

5 A Generic Farming System Simulator .................................................. 109Kamel Louhichi, Sander Janssen, Argyris Kanellopoulos, Hongtao Li, Nina Borkowski, Guillermo Flichman, Huib Hengsdijk, Peter Zander, Maria Blanco Fonseca, Grete Stokstad, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Andrea E. Rizzoli, David Huber, Thomas Heckelei, and Martin van Ittersum

6 Visualising Changes in Agricultural Landscapes .................................... 133Sébastien Griffon, Daniel Auclair, and Amélie Nespoulous

7 A Biophysical Typology in Agri-environmental Modelling ................. 159Gerard Hazeu, Berien Elbersen, Erling Andersen, Bettina Baruth, Kees van Diepen, and Marc Metzger

8 The Use of Regional Typologies in the Assessment of Farms’ Performance ........................................................................... 189Ida J. Terluin, David Verhoog, and Frans E. Godeschalk

9 A Web-Based Software System for Model Integration in Impact Assessments of Agricultural and Environmental Policies .................................................................... 207Jan-Erik Wien, Andrea Emilio Rizzoli, Rob Knapen, Ioannis Athanasiadis, Sander Janssen, Lorenzo Ruinelli, Ferdinando Villa, Mats Svensson, Patrik Wallman, Benny Jonsson, and Martin van Ittersum

Part III Use and Extensions of Integrated Assessment Modelling

10 Evaluating Integrated Assessment Tools for Policy Support .............. 237Jacques-Eric Bergez, Marijke Kuiper, Olivier Thérond, Marie Taverne, Hatem Belhouchette, and Jacques Wery

11 A Comparison of CAPRI and SEAMLESS-IF as Integrated Modelling Systems ........................................................... 257Wolfgang Britz, Ignacio Pérez Domínguez, and Thomas Heckelei

12 Science–Policy Interfaces in Impact Assessment Procedures ............. 275Ann-Katrin Bäcklund, Jean Paul Bousset, Sara Brogaard, Catherine Macombe, Marie Taverne, and Martin van Ittersum

13 Economic Principles of Monetary Valuation in Evaluation Studies .............................................................................. 295C. Martijn van der Heide, Neil A. Powe, and Ståle Navrud

Index ................................................................................................................. 319

ix

Contributors

Marco AcutisUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italymarco.acutis@unimi.it

Myriam AdamPlant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlandsmyriam.adam@wur.nl

Johanna Alkan OlssonLund University, Centre for Sustainability Studies, Box 170, 221 00 Lund, SwedenJohanna.alkan.olsson@lucsus.lu.se

Erling AndersenUniversity of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Forest & Landscape, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmarkeran@life.ku.dk

Ioannis N. AthanasiadisIDSIA – Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull’Intelligenza Artificiale, Galleria 2, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerlandioannis@idsia.ch

Daniel AuclairINRA, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000, Francedaniel.auclair@cirad.fr

Olivier AznarCemagref – UMR Métafort Campus universitaire des Cézeaux, 24, avenue des Landais – BP 50085, 63172 Aubiére Cedex, Franceolivier.aznar@clermont.cemagref.fr

Ann-Katrin BäcklundLund University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, Sölvegatan 12, S-223 61 Lund, SwedenAnn-Katrin.backlund@keg.lu.se

x Contributors

Matteo BalderacchiUNICATT – Catholic University of Piacenza, Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Piacenza, Italymatteo.balderacchi@unicatt.it

Bettina BaruthJoint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, Monitoring Agricultural Resources Unit (MARS), AGRI4CAST TP 483, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italybettina.baruth@jrc.ec.europa.eu

Luca BechiniUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italyluca.bechini@unimi.it

Hatem BelhouchetteINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Francebelhouchette@iamm.fr

Gianni BellocchiCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italygianni.bellocchi@apesimulator.it

Jacques-Eric BergezINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, Francejbergez@toulouse.inra.fr

Maria Blanco FonsecaIAMM, 3191 route de Mende, 34090 Montpellier, Francemaria.blanco@upm.es

Nina BorkowskiInstitute of Socio-Economics, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Strasse, 84, D-15374, Müncheberg, GermanyPresent Address: Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Chair for Economic and Agricultural Policy, University of Bonn, Nussallee, 21, D-53115, Bonn, Germanynina.borkowski@ilr.uni-bonn.de

Marco BottaCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italymarco.botta@apesimulator.it

Jean-Paul BoussetCemagref, Dynamics and Functions of Rural Areas, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 50085, 63172 Aubière Cedex, Francejean-paul.bousset@cemagref.fr

xiContributors

Erik BraudeauIRD – French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, Performance of Tropical Production and Processing Systems Department, Montpellier, Franceerik.braudeau@ird.fr

Simone BregaglioCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italysimone.bregaglio@apesimulator.it

Wolfgang BritzUniversity of Bonn, Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Chair for Economic and Agricultural Policy, Nussallee 21, D-53115 Bonn, Germanywolfgang.britz@ilr.uni-bonn.de

Sara BrogaardLund University, Centre for Sustainability Studies, Box 170, S-221 00 Lund, Swedensara.brogaard@lucsus.lu.se

Floor BrouwerLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The NetherlandsFloor.brouwer@wur.nl

Dominique CairolCemagref, Direction Générale, GT – DTDG, Parc de Tourvoie, BP 44, 92163 ANTONY Cedex, Francedominique.cairol@cemagref.fr

Jean-Marc CalloisCemagref – UMR Métafort Campus universitaire des Cézeaux, 24, avenue des Landais – BP 50085, 63172 Aubiére Cedex, Francejm.callois@cr-auvergne.fr

Laura CarliniCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italylaura.carlini@apesimulator.it

Eric CasellasINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Franceeric.casellas@hotmail.fr

Florian CeletteINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Franceflorian.celette@isara.fr

xii Contributors

Enrico CeottoCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyenrico.ceotto@agsys.cra-cin.it

Marie Hélène Charron-MoirezINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627 , F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, Francemcharron@toulouse.inra.fr

Roberto ConfalonieriJRC – Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, Agriculture Unit, Agri4cast Action, Ispra, Italyroberto.confalonieri@jrc.it

Marc CorbeelsCIRAD – Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, UMR System #1230, CIRAD-INRA-SupAgro, Montpellier, Francemarc.corbeels@cirad.fr

Luca CriscuoloCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyluca.criscuolo@apesimulator.it

Pablo CruzINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, FrancePablo.Cruz@toulouse.inra.fr

Domenico DittoUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italydomenico.ditto@unimi.it

Marcello DonatelliCRA – Agriculture Research Council, Bologna, ItalyJRC – Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, Agriculture Unit, Agri4cast Action, Ispra, Italymarcello.donatelli@entecra.it

Christian DuprazINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Francedupraz@supagro.inra.fr

Michel DuruINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, Francemduru@toulouse.inra.fr

Berien ElbersenWageningen UR, Alterra, Landscape Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlandsberien.elbersen@wur.nl

xiiiContributors

Frank EwertPlant Production Systems group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The NetherlandsPresent Address: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115 Bonn, Germanyfrank.ewert@uni-bonn.de

Diego FioraniCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italydiego.fiorani@apesimulator.it

Guillermo FlichmanCIHEAM-Institut de Montpellier, 3191 route de Mende, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, Franceflichman@iamm.fr

Guy GarrodCentre for Rural Economy, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdomguy.garrod@ncl.ac.uk

Christian GaryINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens), Montpellier, Francegary@supagro.inra.fr

Antonella GentileUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italyantonella.gentile@unimi.it

Frans E. GodeschalkLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlandsfrans.godeschalk@wur.nl

Sébastien GriffonCIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000, Francesgriffon@cirad.fr

Andrea di GuardoCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyandrea.diguardo@apesimulator.it

Ephrem HabyarimanaCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyephrem.hanyarimana@agsys.cra-cin.it

Konrad HagedornHumboldt University of Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics, Philippstrasse 13, Building 12; 10099 Berlin, Germanyk.hagedorn@agrar.hu-berlin.de

xiv Contributors

Gerard HazeuWageningen UR, Alterra, Centre for Geo-Information, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlandsgerard.hazeu@wur.nl

Thomas HeckeleiUniversity of Bonn, Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Chair for Economic and Agricultural Policy, Nussallee 21, D-53115 Bonn, Germanythomas.heckelei@ilr.uni-bonn.de

Huib HengsdijkPlant Research International, Wageningen UR, Postbus 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlandshuib.hengsdijk@wur.nl

David HuberAntOptima, Via Fusoni 4, 6900 Lugano, Switzerlanddavid.huber@antoptima.ch

Sander JanssenPlant Production Systems group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The NetherlandsPressent Address: Center for Geo-Information, Alterra Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlandssander.janssen@wur.nl

Benny JonssonLund University, Centre for Sustainability Studies, P.O. Box 170, SE-221 00 Lund, Swedenbenny.jonsson@lucsus.lu.se

Claire JouanyINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, FranceClaire.Jouany@toulouse.inra.fr

Argyris KanellopoulosPlant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands;Wageningen University, Business Economics group, P.O. Box 8130, 6700 EW Wageningen, The Netherlandsargyris.kanellopoulos@wur.nl

Kamel KansouINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Francekamal.kansou@us2b.pierroton.inra.fr

xvContributors

Rob KnapenAlterra Wageningen UR, Center for Geo-Information. P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlandsrob.knapen@wur.nl

Marijke KuiperLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlandsmarijke.kuiper@wur.nl

Giovanni Lanza FilippiUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italygiovanni.lanzafilippi@unimi.it

Peter A. LeffelaarPlant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlandspeter.leffelaar@wur.nl

Hongtao LiIDSIA – Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull’Intelligenza Artificiale, Galleria 2, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerlandhongtao@idsia.ch

Kamel LouhichiINRA-AgroParisTech, UMR économie publique, Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Thiverval Grignon, Franceklouhichi@grignon.inra.fr

Catherine MacombeCemagref, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 50085, 63172 Aubière Cedex, Francecatherine.macombe@cemagref.fr

Luisa ManiciCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyluisa.manici@agsys.cra-cin.it

Guillaume MartinINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627 , F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, Franceguillaume.martin@toulouse.inra.fr

Pierre MartinLIRMM – Montpellier Laboratory of Computer Science, Robotics, and Microelectronics, University of Montpellier II, Montpellier, Francepierre.martin@cirad.fr

Marc MetzgerSchool of GeoSciences, Centre for Environmental Change and Sustainability, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdommarc.metzger@ed.ac.uk

xvi Contributors

Eelco MeuterPlant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlandseelco.meuter@wur.nl

Nora MuguetaCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italynora.mugueta@apesimulator.it

Rachmat MuliaICRAF SEA – World Agroforestry Centre, Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Jawa Barat, Indonesiar.mulia@cgiar.org

Ståle NavrudDepartment of Economics and Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), P.O. Box 5033, NO-1432 Aas, Norwaystale.navrud@umb.no

Amélie NespoulousCNRS, UMR CEFE, Montpellier, F-34000 Franceamelie.nespoulous@gmail.com

Roelof OomenPlant Production Systems group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The NetherlandsPressent Address: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) University of Bonn Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115, Bonn, Germanyroelof.oomen@uni-bonn.de

Ignacio Pérez DomínguezPublic Issues Division, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Alexanderveld 5, 2585 DB, The Hagueignacio.perez@wur.nl

Eric PerretCemagref, UMR 1273 Métafort, Campus universitaire des Cézeaux, 24, avenue des Landais, BP 50085, 63172 Aubiere Cedex, Franceeric.perret@cemagref.fr

Neil A. PoweSchool of Architecture Planning and Landscape, Claremont Tower, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdomn.a.powe@ncl.ac.uk

Andrea E. RizzoliIDSIA – Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull’Intelligenza Artificiale, Galleria 2, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerlandandrea@idsia.ch

xviiContributors

Alexandra RosenmundJRC – Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, Agriculture Unit, Agri4cast Action, Ispra, Italyalexandra.rosenmund@jrc.it

Vittorio RossiUNICATT – Catholic University of Piacenza, Institute for Entomology and Plant Pathology, Piacenza, Italyvittorio.rossi@unicatt.it

Lorenzo RuinelliAntOptima, Via Fusoni 4, 6900 Lugano, Switzerlandlorenzo.ruinelli@antoptima.ch

Graham RussellUNIEDI – School of GeoSciences, Centre for Environmental Change and Sustainability, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdomg.russell@ed.ac.uk

Francesca SalinariCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyfrancesca.salinari@apesimulator.it

Christian SchleyerHumboldt University of Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics, Division of Resource Economics, Philippstrasse 13, Building 12; 10099 Berlin, Germanychristian_schley@hotmail.com

Ariel SerranoCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyariel.serrano@apesimulator.it

Andrea SorceCRA-CIN – Agriculture Research Council, Via di Corticella, 133 – Bologna, Italyandrea.sorce@apesimulator.it

Lee StapletonCentre for Rural Economy, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdoml.m.stapleton@ncl.ac.uk

Grete StokstadNorwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Aas, Norwaygrete.stokstad@skogoglandskap.no

Mats SvenssonLund University, Centre for Sustainability Studies, P.O. Box 170, SE-221 00 Lund, Swedenmats.svensson@lucsus.lu.se

xviii Contributors

Marie TaverneCemagref, Dynamics and Functions of Rural Areas, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 50085, 63172 Aubière Cedex, Francemarie.taverne@cemagref.fr

Ida J. TerluinLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlandsida.terluin@wur.nl

Jean-Pierre TheauINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, FranceJean-Pierre.Theau@toulouse.inra.fr

Insa TheesfeldLeibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO), Theodor-Lieser-Straße 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germanytheesfeld@iamo.de

Olivier ThérondINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, FranceOlivier.Therond@toulouse.inra.fr

Marco TrevisanUNICATT – Catholic University of Piacenza, Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Piacenza, Italymarco.trevisan@unicatt.it

Patrizia TrevisiolUNIMI – University of Milan, Department of Crop Science, Milan, Italypatrizia.trevisiol@unimi.it

Nadine TurpinCemagref, UMR 1273 Métafort, Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 24, avenue des Landais, BP 50085, 63172 Aubiere Cedex, Francenadine.turpin@cemagref.fr

C. Martijn van der HeideLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlandsmartijn.vanderheide@wur.nl

Kees van DiepenWageningen UR, Alterra, Centre for Geo-Information, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlandskees.vandiepen@wur.nl

Frits K. van EvertPlant Research International, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 616, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlandsfrits.vanevert@wur.nl

xixContributors

Martin van IttersumWageningen University, Plant Production Systems Group, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlandsmartin.vanittersum@wur.nl

Meine van NoordwijkINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, France

David VerhoogLEI Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, The Netherlandsdavid.verhoog@wur.nl

Ferdinando VillaGund Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Vermont, 617 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont VT 05405, USAferdinando.villa@uvm.edu

Grégoire VincentIRD – French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, Performance of Tropical Production and Processing Systems Department, Montpellier, France

Vaclav VoltrInstitute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Slezska 7 Prague 2, 120 56, Czech Republicvoltr.vaclav@uzei.cz

Daniel WallachINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, Francewallach@toulouse.inra.fr

Patrik WallmanLund University, Centre for Sustainability Studies, P.O. Box 170, SE-221 00 Lund, Swedenpatrik.wallman@lucsus.lu.se

Jacques WeryINRA – UMR SYSTEM (Systèmes de Culture Tropicaux et Méditerranéens) Montpellier, Francewery@supagro.inra.fr

Jan-Erik WienAlterra Wageningen UR, Center for Geo-Information, Group Systems. P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlandsjan-erik.wien@wur.nl

xx Contributors

Peter ZanderLeibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Socio-Economics, Eberswalder Strasse 84, 15374 Müncheberg, GermanyPeter.Zander@zalf.de

Arezki ZerourouINRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627 , F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, FranceArezki.Zerourou@toulouse.inra.fr

xxi

Acronyms and Abbreviations

AAAT Average Annual Accumulated TemperatureACG AgroManagement Configuration GeneratorACP countries African, Caribbean and Pacific countriesAEnZ Agri-Environmental ZonationAMF Action Message FormatAPES Agricultural Production and Externalities SimulatorAPI Application Programming InterfaceATS Austrian ShillingBRME Biogeographical Regions Map of EuropeC CarbonCA Current activityCAP Common Agricultural PolicyCAPRI model Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact modelCBA Cost-Benefit AnalysisCEH Centre for Ecology and HydrologyCGE model Computable General Equilibrium modelCIA Crucial institutional aspectCLC Corine Land CoverCM Choice modellingCMO Common Market OrganizationCOPI Cost of Policy InactionCropMP Crop Model LibraryCRUD Create, retrieve, update, deleteCVM Contingent valuation methodDBC Design-by-ContractDBMS DataBase Management SystemDEM Digital elevation modelDG Directorate-GeneralDNDC model DeNitrification-DeComposition modelDOT.force Data and Ontology Task forceDSM Digital surface modelDSS Decision Support SystemDTM Digital terrain model

xxii Acronyms and Abbreviations

DTO Data Transfer ObjectEAA Economic Accounts for AgricultureEC European CommissionECU European Currency UnitEDIM European Dairy Industry ModelEEA European Environment AgencyE-FAST Extended FASTEFORWOOD Sustainability Impact Assessment of the Forestry-Wood ChainELPEN European Livestock Policy Evaluation NetworkEnS Environmental StratificationEnZ Environmental ZoneESA Environmentally Sensitive AreaESB European Soil BureauESDB European Soil DatabaseESU European Size UnitEU European UnionFADN Farm Accountancy Data NetworkFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFAST Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity TestFSS Farm Structure SurveyFSSIM Farm System SimulatorFSSIM-AM Agricultural management part of FSSIMFSSIM-MP Mathematical programming part of FSSIMGAEZ Global Agro-Ecological ZonationGAMS General Algebraic Modeling SystemGAP Good Agricultural PracticeGDD Graphic Data DisplayGDP Gross domestic productGFP Good Farming PracticeGHCN Global Historical Climatology NetworkGIS Geographic information systemGUI Graphical User InterfaceGVA Gross value addedHPM Hedonic pricing methodIA Integrated AssessmentIAM Integrated Assessment and ModellingIIASA International Institute for Applied Systems AnalysisIM GUI Integrative modeller GUIIO analysis Input-Output analysisIPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeITE Institute of Terrestrial EcologyJRC Joint Research CentreLFA Less Favoured AreaLHS Latin Hybercube SamplingLP Linear programming

xxiiiAcronyms and Abbreviations

MARS Monitoring of Agriculture with Remote SensingMCE Model Component ExplorerMFA Multifunctional agricultureMPE Model Parameter EditorMUSLE Modified Universal Soil Loss EquationN NitrogenNLP model Non-linear programming modelNOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNUTS Nomenclature des Unités Territoriales StatistiquesOCTOP Organic carbon topsoilOECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOOP Object Oriented ProgrammingOPEN MI Open Modelling InterfaceORM Object Relational MappingPAD Percent Absolute DeviationPAR Photosynthetic Active RadiationPCA Principal Component AnalysisPE Parameter EstimatorPE GUI Policy expert GUIPEG Production Enterprise GeneratorPICA Procedure for Institutional Compatibility AssessmentPLA Protected Landscape AreaPMP Positive Mathematical ProgrammingPTF PedoTransfer FunctionPTG Production Technique GeneratorPTRDB Pedo Transfer Rules DatabaseQGIS Quantum GISRDF Resource Description FrameworkREST Representational State TransferRIA Rich Internet ApplicationRUE Radiation Use EfficiencyRUSLE Revised Universal Soil Loss EquationSA Sensitivity AnalysisSEAMCAP SEAMLESS version of CAPRISEAMLESS System for Environmental and Agricultural Modelling; Linking

European Science and SocietySEAMLESS-IF SEAMLESS-Integrated FrameworkSENSOR Sustainability Impact Assessment Tools for Environmental, Social

and Economic Effects of Multifunctional Land Use in EuropeSGDBE Soil Geographical Database of EurasiaSINFO Soil InformationSLE SEAMLESS Landscape ExplorerSOE Simulation Output EvaluatorSOM Soil Organic MatterSRTM Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission

xxiv Acronyms and Abbreviations

STU Soil Typological UnitTCG Technical Coefficient GeneratorTCM Travel Cost MethodTRIS Temperature in paddy-RIce SimulationUCD User Centred DesignUF User ForumUNCSD Commission on Sustainable Development of the United NationsUSGS United States Geological SurveyWEPP Water Erosion Prediction ProjectWTO World Trade OrganisationWTP Willingness to pay