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European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
The EU Raw materials strategy
Presentation for the Working Party on Euro-Mediterranean Industrial Cooperation15 November 2011, Brussels
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Structure of the presentation
Raw materials
Challenges on commodity and raw materials markets
Raw materials potential of selected PanEuroMed countries
EU Raw materials strategy Critical raw materials Fair and sustainable supply of raw materials from global
markets Fostering sustainable supply within the EU Boosting resource efficiency and promoting recycling
Way forward
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Raw materials
Non-energy, non-agricultural raw materials
Including metallic minerals, industrial minerals, construction materials, wood, natural rubber
Primary and secondary raw materials
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Commodity markets challenges
Commodity markets displayed increased price volatility in recent years
At the heart lies a series of changes in global supply and demand + short term shock in key commodity and raw material markets
Markets are experiencing the growing impact of finance
The Commission has put forward an ambitious program to increase the integrity and transparency of commodity derivatives markets
Further improvements in the transparency and accessibility of information on the physical commodity markets are necessary
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Raw materials challenges
Continued growth by emerging countries will keep pressure on demand for raw materials
Demand also increasingly driven by demand for new technologies
EU highly dependent on imports of important raw materials which are increasingly affected by market distortions
Potential in Europe, but exploration and extraction face increased competition for different land uses and a highly regulated environment
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In its Communication of 2 February 2011 the Commission proposes a new integrated strategy which outlines actions in the area of non-energy, non-agricultural raw materials
It further pursues and reinforces the 3 pillar-based approach of the Raw Materials Initiative:
1) Fair and sustainable supply from global markets
2) Foster sustainable supply of raw materials from EU sources
3) Boost resource efficiency and promote recycling
EU Raw materials strategy
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Critical raw materials
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Critical raw materials
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Rare Earth Elements
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Critical raw materials
Monitor issues of critical raw materials to identify priority actions
Update list of critical raw materials at least every 3 years
Policy actions not limited to critical raw materials exclusively
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Raw materials potential of Middle East countries of the EuroMed group
Turkey plays the stronger role in production of metals and industrial minerals: ca. 7% of world chromite production, ca. 2% of steel production and 2.5% of world cement production.
Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria are among world leading producers of phosphate and potash (together 7 and 14 % of world production respectively). Steel and gypsum production of these countries is relatively small, with Turkey behind region's largest and providing ca. 1% of world output.
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Raw materials potential of African countries of the EuroMed group
Tunisia is a significant producer of phosphate rock and phosphate-based fertiliser. In phosphate rock - world's 5th in 2009 with 4.4% of world supply. Other mineral commodities produced in Tunisia include aluminum fluoride, cemen, common clays, gypsum, iron and steel, iron ore and lime. 43% if its phosphate rock exports went to Poland in 2009.
Algeria produces iron and steel; precious metals such as gold and silver; and industrial minerals, including barite, bentonite and other clays, cement, crushed stone, gravel, gypsum, helium, limestone, marble, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate rock, pozzolan, quartz, salt, and sand. Furthermore, the country has large deposits of unexploited minerals, including celestine, diamond, manganese, quartz crystal, rare-earth minerals, tungsten, and uranium
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Raw materials potential of African countries of the EuroMed group Egypt is a significant producer of cement, direct-reduced iron (DRI). In 2009
Egypt was the world’s 11th ranked cement producer and accounted for 1.5% of the world’s cement production. The country was the world’s seventh ranked producer of DRI and accounted for 4.5% of the world’s total production.
Additionally, Egypt produced aluminum, barite, basalt, bentonite, coke, construction sand and gravel, dolomite, feldspar, ferroalloys, granite, gypsum, ilmenite, iron and steel, iron ore, kaolin, limestone, manganese, marble, phosphate rock, quartz, salt, sandstone, secondary copper, silica sand, talc, and vermiculite.
Morocco possesses about three-quarters of the world’s estimated reserves of phosphates. It was the world’s third ranked producer of phosphates after China and the United States and controlled one-third of the international trade in phosphates and their derivatives. Morocco was continuing to develop its phosphate derivatives sector. These mineral commodities and products were Morocco’s leading foreign exchange earning sector and accounted for about 35% of foreign trade. As a result, the mining industry continued to play a key role in the national economy. In 2009 Morocco produced 17% of the world’s output of phosphate rock, 6% of the world’s output of barite, 2% of the world’s output of cobalt, 2% of the world’s output of fluorspar, and 1% of the world’s output of lead.
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Pillar 1 – fair and sustainable supply of raw materials from global markets
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EU raw materials diplomacy with a view to securing access to raw materials through strategic partnerships and policy dialogues
Raw materials diplomacy
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Development policy and sustainable supply of raw materials
Sustainable supply needs and development goals => creating win-win situations to translate resource wealth into sustainable growth
Cooperation under Africa-EU Joint Strategy Union (2011-2013) with focus on three areas:
1.Governance
2.Investment
3.Geological knowledge/skills
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Reinforce trade strategy
Develop bilateral dialogues and strengthen ongoing debates (e.g. G20, UNCTAD, WTO, OECD)
Include raw material issues in trade negotiations
Continue to tackle barriers through dialogue, but dispute settlement where justified
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Pillar 2 – fostering sustainable supply within the EU
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Access to land
Promote the exchange of best practice inland use planning and administrativeconditions for exploration and extraction
► Guidelines promoting the compatibility of NEEI inrelation to Natura 2000 conservation goals
Encourage better networking between national geological surveys to increase theEU's knowledge base
Develop medium to long term strategies to integrate sub-surface components and spatial information into land-use planning
With courtesy by Knauf Gips KG
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Best practices – key elements Definition of a National Minerals Policy, based on
sustainable development principles and appropriate legal framework
Legal framework includes mineral acts, a transparent fiscal framework and effective safeguarding of actual and potential mineral resources through land use planning
Setting up of a land use planning policy for minerals that comprises:
a digital geological knowledge base
a transparent methodology for identification of mineral resources
long term estimates for regional and local demand and identifying and safeguarding mineral resources
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Best practices – key elements (2)
clear and understandable minerals exploration and extraction authorisation process contributing to the streamlining of the administrative process:
introduction of lead times
permit applications in parallel
one-stop-shop / parallel assessment
Commission proposes to assess with Member States, in full respect of subsidiarity, the feasibility of establishing a mechanism to monitor actions by Member States in this area
European CommissionEnterprise and Industry
Enhancing the EU’s knowledge base
In short term, Commission to assess with Member States, the scope for increases synergies between national geological surveys => increase potential for joint projects
In medium term, any synergies should contribute to improved European raw materials knowledge base, taking into account GMES
Promote research and development in the raw materials value-chain including extraction, processing and substitution
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An example: ProMine
Launched in 2009
Budget: € 17 million
27 partners from 11 Member States
Aims to improve the EU’s knowledge base for actual and future deposits
Develop the first ever pan-European GIS-based mineral resources database and a detailed 4D computer modelling system
Assessments and homogenising multi-layer information system within the ProMine-Project building a basis for 3D and 4D modelling.
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ProMine - preliminary Findings
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Pillar 3 – boosting resource efficiency and promoting recycling
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Large potential of EU’s Urban Mines
Review of Thematic Strategy on waste prevention and recycling in 2012
Develop best practices in collection and treatment of waste
Develop ecodesign instruments to promote more efficient use of raw materials and ensure recyclability of products
Recycling and resource efficiency
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Strengthen Waste Shipment Regulationprecise and workable inspection standards
technologies for detection, tracking of illegal shipments
examine feasibility of global certification scheme for recycling facilities
assess feasibility of formal EU-level mechanism, building on IMPEL
Recycling and resource efficiency (2)
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Need for innovation along the entire value chain of raw materials
Commission preparing a proposal for an Innovation Partnership on raw materials within the Europe 2020 Innovation Union Flagship
Public consultation held from April till June
Potential Innovation Partnership on raw materials
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• Need for reinforced cooperation with Member States
•Increase the level of awareness and cooperation at international level
•Promote awareness through annual thematic event: on 26 January 2012 a high level conference on EU/Africa and raw materials in Brussels
Way forward
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•Council supports proposed approach in its Conclusions of 10 March 2011
•EP has adopted an own-initiative report on 12 September 2011 which expresses support and provides further political guidance
Way forward (2)
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Thank you for your attention !
European Commission raw materials webpage:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/raw-materials