Post on 10-Apr-2017
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Agenda
Discussion: Syllabus, Schedule, and Website Presentation: College Competency #1 Review: Essay 1 Objectives Small Group Discussion: Essay 1 Outlines Presentation: Four Sentence Types In-Class Writing: In Class Essay #1
How to Succeed in CollegeTip #1: Develop a Network of Friends, Study Partners, and Mentors
Types of Sentences1. Simple2. Compound3. Complex4. Compound-complex
#1: Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one
subject and one verb I like to study grammar.
A simple sentence is also called an independent clause.
An independent clause ends with a period or semicolon.
Simple Sentences Examples: Carol’s sweater is red. You and Alex need to be quiet.
Ms. Bennett did a cartwheel and a backflip.
#2: Compound Sentence
A compound sentence is made up of two or more simple sentences joined by one of the following:
A comma and a coordinating conjunction I like to study grammar, and I love this class.
A semicolon I like to study grammar; I love this class.
A semicolon and an adverbial conjunction I like to study grammar; therefore, I love this
class.
Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating Conjunctions are used to join together two independent clauses.
Examples: For And Nor But Or Yet So
Two independent clauses joined together
I love you, and you love me.
Independent clause
Independent clause
Semicolons “If the relation between the ideas
expressed in the main clauses is very close and obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the clauses with a semicolon” (Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).
COMPOUND SENTENCE:SEMICOLON
Kelsey has benefited from her writing exercises; she has good grammar and
punctuation.
Tiffany works in San Francisco; she runs The Duck.
Elaine pays attention in class; she takes copious notes.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:adverbial conjunctions
MOREOVERHOWEVERNEVERTHELESSOTHERWISETHEREFORE
COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Thomas is cool; moreover, he is fashionable.
Luke’s grandmother buys him sweaters;
however, he does not wear them.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
#3: Complex Sentence A complex sentence is a simple
sentence (independent clause) to which a part of a sentence (dependent clause) has been added. Because I like to study grammar, I
love this class. I love this class because I like to
study grammar.
A dependent clause joined to an independent clause. (The dependent clause needs the
rest of the sentence for support.)
Because you love me, I love you.
Dependent clause
Independent clause
A dependent clause contains a subject and verb. It begins with a subordinating conjunction, and thus it does not express a completed thought. A dependent clause is also called a subordinate clause. Dependent clauses, like babies, cannot stand alone.
Because you love me.
Fragment!
A Tip on Punctuation Since dependent clauses are only part
of a sentence, you can never connect them to another sentence with a semicolon. Semicolons are only used between two independent clauses. I have loved you for years ; although I
never admitted it. I have loved you for years, although I
never admitted it.OK
No!
Common Subordinating (Dependent) Conjunctions
after even if now that that wherealthough
even though
once though
whereas
as if rather than
unless wherever
as if whenever
since until whether
because
in orderthat
so that when which
before than in case
while
Complex Sentences Examples:
When Trey was little, he played with blocks.
After class, good students study. If I pass 1A, I will take 1B. Use the stairs in case of fire. Ava stands at the bottom of the
cliff while the climber moves up the rock.
#4: Compound/Complex Sentence A compound/complex sentence is
the last and most complicated type of sentence.
It contains at least one dependent clause and at least two independent clauses.
A dependent clause added to two or more independent clauses
Because we are a family, I love you, and you love me.
2 independent clauses
Dependent clause
Compound Complex SentencesExample:
Laura forgot her friend’s birthday, so she sent her a card when she finally remembered.
Simple Compound
Complex Compound/complex
Every sentence in English fits into one of these four categories:
Think You’ve Got It? 1 independent clause = simple sentence
Don’t’ forget: These can have compound subjects and predicates!
2 independent clauses = compound sentence
1 or more dependent clause + 1 independent clause = complex sentence
2 or more independent clauses + 1 or more dep. clause
= compound complex sentence
Let’s Review…
Simple, Compound, or Complex? The teacher walked into the
classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.
Simple, Compound, or Complex? The teacher walked into the
classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.
SIMPLE: Subject: “the teacher” Compound Predicate: “walked into
the classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.”
Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football while Juanita
went shopping.
Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football while Juanita
went shopping. COMPLEX
Independent Clause: Juan played football
Subordinate Clause: while (subordinating conjunction) Juanita went shopping.
Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football, yet Juanita
went shopping.
Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football, yet Juanita
went shopping. COMPOUND
Juan played football, yet (coordinating conjunction)
Juanita went shopping.
Simple, Compound, or Complex? After Reggie passed the test, he
went to the bar to celebrate!
Simple, Compound, or Complex? After Reggie passed the test, he
went to the bar to celebrate! COMPLEX
After (subordinating conjunction) Reggie passed the test,
he went to the bar to celebrate!
CONGRATULATIONS!
YOU NOW KNOW EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW • To write anything you want to write • Any way you want to write it• And still get the punctuation right each time!
HOMEWORK Read: HG through chapter 2. SMG 16-38 Study: Vocab (chapters 1 and 2). Post #2: If your last name begins with the letter A-I, answer
the questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Dillard essay on pages 25-26.
If your last name begins with the letter J-Q, answer the questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Wolff essay on page 31-32.
If your last name begins with the letter R-Z, answer the questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Bragg essay on page 36-37.
Bring: SMG
This chapter features four narrative essays like those we will be writing in class. As you read, pay attention to the structure of each. In particular, notice the margin notes in the essay, “Calling Home,” by Jean Brandt.
Read The St. Martin’s Guide to Writing, pages 16-38: Do the Reading!
If you don’t yet have the text, you can read these pages on the website under, “primary texts,” and, “Remembering an Event: St. Martin’s Guide.”
To best learn new words, use these steps: Make vocabulary cards by printing the word on
one side of a 3x5 card and the definition on the other side.
Use the words in your writing—either in your journal entries or in your drafting.
Use the words when you speak—either in class or out of class, if the opportunity arises.
Remember, there will be quizzes and tests on these words. Bring your cards to class.
Learning Vocabulary
Vocabulary: Make Cards! Chapter 1
1. Entrails 2. Reaping 3. Apothecary 4. Iridescent 5. Paraffin 6. Meager 7. Racketeers8. Sustenance 9. Tribute 10. Repentance
Chapter 21. Synonymous 2. Tenuous
In-Class Essay #1
You may use only these tools:Pen or #2 Pencil
Blue BookYour Own, Original One-page
Outline
Remember to include: An introduction: Description or narrative A thesis statement: At the end of your introduction Body paragraphs for each subject A topic sentence for each paragraph Examples and explanation for why you chose each
item Examples and explanation for the items that you didn’t
choose A conclusion: maybe a prediction of your future in the
woods or some other way to bring closure to your essay
The Essay Question Write an essay arguing for the supplies you have
chosen to take with you into the wild. Present the issue to readers, and develop an argument for the purpose of confirming, challenging, or changing your readers’ views on which supplies are the most important for survival.
Your final essay should be around 500 words. This will be around four pages, hand written. This, of course, is an estimate. Handwriting varies greatly. Between three and six pages will likely be the norm for this essay.
Good Luck! May the odds be ever in your favor