Explain how WWII Explain how WWII startedstarted

Key TermsKey Terms• Axis PowersAxis Powers

• AnschlussAnschluss

• Munich PactMunich Pact

• AppeasementAppeasement

• BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg

• Non-aggression PactNon-aggression Pact

• DunkirkDunkirk

• Battle of BritainBattle of Britain

• Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill

Opening ActivityOpening Activity• What aggressive actions What aggressive actions

did Japan and Italy make did Japan and Italy make in the early 1930s? in the early 1930s?

• How did the League of How did the League of Nations respond?Nations respond?

• HW: Map Activity use pg. HW: Map Activity use pg. 486486

Complete the handout on Appeasing the Complete the handout on Appeasing the NazisNazis

World W

ar

World W

ar

IIII

HH

Europe Goes to Europe Goes to WarWar

A. Hitler’s not satisfiedA. Hitler’s not satisfied1. Germany takes 1. Germany takes

the rest of the rest of CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia

2. Hitler wants 2. Hitler wants Poland Poland

B. Setting the Stages B. Setting the Stages for Warfor War

1.1. French and British leaders swear to defend Poland.French and British leaders swear to defend Poland.2.2. Hitler makes the Nonaggression Pact with the Soviet Hitler makes the Nonaggression Pact with the Soviet

UnionUniona.a. Germany avoids a war from the eastGermany avoids a war from the east

H

Invasion of Poland (1939)Invasion of Poland (1939)

C. War Breaks OutC. War Breaks Out1. Germany invades Poland just a week 1. Germany invades Poland just a week

later. (9-1-39)later. (9-1-39)2. France and Britain, 2. France and Britain, the Alliesthe Allies, declare , declare

war on Germany. (9-3-39)war on Germany. (9-3-39)

3.3. Sitzkrieg Sitzkrieg (Phony War): 8 months (Phony War): 8 months passed with no fightingpassed with no fighting

a. France and Britain mobilized (get ready a. France and Britain mobilized (get ready for war) for war)

C. War Breaks Out (Cont.)C. War Breaks Out (Cont.)4. Germany invades Norway and 4. Germany invades Norway and

Denmark (4-9-40)Denmark (4-9-40)

a. During this time, Chamberlain a. During this time, Chamberlain resigns as leader of Britain and is resigns as leader of Britain and is replaced by Winston Churchillreplaced by Winston Churchill

5. Then Germany invaded Belgium, 5. Then Germany invaded Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg (5-10-40)Netherlands, and Luxembourg (5-10-40)

BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg

D. Why was Germany D. Why was Germany successful? GERMAN successful? GERMAN BLITZKRIEGBLITZKRIEG

a. Lightning War: Strategy used to a. Lightning War: Strategy used to take over other countries quickly. take over other countries quickly.

b. Uses bombers then tanks, finally b. Uses bombers then tanks, finally the infantrythe infantry

E. FranceE. France

1. France and the 1. France and the Maginot LineMaginot Line

a. After WWI, France built major a. After WWI, France built major fortifications along the French-German fortifications along the French-German border- known as the Maginot Line.border- known as the Maginot Line.

b. Problem- French artillery could not be b. Problem- French artillery could not be turned around if the Germans got behind turned around if the Germans got behind the line.the line.

HH

The Invasion of FranceThe Invasion of France

• In May of 1940, Germany invades France In May of 1940, Germany invades France through Belgiumthrough Belgium

• The Maginot Line was worthlessThe Maginot Line was worthless• French and British soldiers were dividedFrench and British soldiers were divided– Almost 400,000 soldiers became trapped at the Almost 400,000 soldiers became trapped at the

beaches of beaches of DunkirkDunkirk– A makeshift fleet of British tug boats, fishing A makeshift fleet of British tug boats, fishing

boats, and yachts rescue 330,000boats, and yachts rescue 330,000– The largest rescue in historyThe largest rescue in history

France Falls France Falls a.a. By June 14By June 14thth Hitler was in Paris and France Hitler was in Paris and France

was conquered.was conquered.

b.b. On June 22On June 22ndnd the world watch as France the world watch as France surrenderedsurrendered

1.1. France was officially divided into a northern France was officially divided into a northern occupied France and a southern Nazi puppet occupied France and a southern Nazi puppet state known as state known as VichyVichy France France

2.2. French General Charles De Gaulle set up a French General Charles De Gaulle set up a government from England to continue the fight government from England to continue the fight

c. c. With France gone Great Britain was the only With France gone Great Britain was the only

Ally leftAlly left..

HH

F. BATTLE OF BRITAINF. BATTLE OF BRITAIN1.1. Britain led by Prime Minister Winston Britain led by Prime Minister Winston

ChurchillChurchill2.2. Largest air assault yet, Germans send Largest air assault yet, Germans send

over 1,000 planesover 1,000 planes3.3. To break the English resolve to fight, To break the English resolve to fight,

Hitler began the “Blitz” an all out attack of Hitler began the “Blitz” an all out attack of civilian targets.civilian targets.

4.4. Under gunned and outnumbered British Under gunned and outnumbered British air force defend Britainair force defend Britain

5.5. Churchill, “Never give up, never Churchill, “Never give up, never surrender”, Germans end raids in late surrender”, Germans end raids in late 19411941

Exit:Exit:

• Summarize the beginning of World War II Summarize the beginning of World War II in four sentences. in four sentences. – What was happening? Why? What was happening? Why?