[F4 Chapter 1] Understanding to Physics

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Concept Map

Understanding

Physics

ScientificInvestigation

Physical

Quantities

Measurement

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONTOTO

PHYSICSPHYSICS

Understanding Physics

Physics is a branch of scientific which studies physical

and natural phenomena around us.

Example«?

µPhysikos¶ (Greek) - nature

Measurement Optic Force/Motion Electronic

Astronomy Wave Nuclear Heat

Observation1

Experiment2

Theory3

Investigation4

Application5

Use the sense to feel the daily phenomenon

Perform an experiment to study the required

characteristic of the phenomenon

Suggest measurement for the theory and modify

it if necessary

Suggest the cause of the phenomenon studiedthrough the experiment

Invention of technology based on the theories

of physics

Science

Process SkillManipulative

Explanation?

Example?

Explanation?

Example?

Ok guys«.

What your ambition«? Engineerin

Researcher

Education

Industry

Base & Derived Quantities

Temperature Mass

24 °C 2.0 kg

Physical quantities

Magnitude

-physical quantity which can¶t be defined in term of other physical quantities

Base quantity Symbol SI unit Symbol of unit

Length l metre m

Mass m kilogram kg

Time t second s

Temperature T kelvin K

Current I ampere A

Prefix SymbolMultiplication

factor

Tera T x 10

Giga G x 10

Mega M x 10

Kilo k x 10

Deci d x 10

-used to represent physical quantities which are ver y big or ver y small in SI unit

Prefix SymbolMultiplication

factor

Centi c x 10

Mili m x 10

Micro x 10

Nano n x 10

Pico p x 10

- standard form to represent data/value as neat, short and easily compared

n A 10vWhere 1 < A < 10 and n is +ve/-ve integer

Prefix Base unit

x multiplication factor

÷ multiplication factor

1000 km = 1000 x 10 m3

prefix Multiplication factor

unit 12

-produced from combination of base quantities either multiplication/division/both

Area ( A) Volume (V )

Area ( A) = length x length

= m x m

Volume (V ) = length x length x length

= m x m x m

Speed (v ) Work (W )

distance

Force x Distance

= kg m s x m

= N m @ Joule (J)-1

Density ( V)

Acceleration (a)

Force (F )

Momentum ( p)

Pressure (P )

Scalar & Vector Quantities1.3

Two guys want to go the µMenara Condong¶ with different

way. The guy with bicycle go through from point A to point

B and lastly to point C. The another guy use the short cut

that from point A to point C. Can you find the difference

between them?

Distance?Displacement?

Speed? Velocity?

Scalar quantity? Vector quantity?16

SCALAR ± magnitude only

How about«.

VECTOR ± magnitude + direction

Force?

Gravity attraction?

Weight?

Measurement1.4

Estimation of

dimension

Estimation of

dimension

Measuring

instrument

Vernier

callipers

Micrometer screw

Precision«accuracy«sensitivity

Method of error reduction

Measurement1.4

Practical work in

Physics

Measurement

Suitable

instrument

No Suitable

instrument

estimation

Big valueSmall value

Measurement

(estimation)

Determination of a Small Value by Using a Big Sample

paper of pieces

paper of piecesof thickness

Thickness of a piece of paper Volume of a drop of water

water of drops

water of dropsof olume

coilwireof num ers

len th(

Diameter of wire

eariaof m er

Diameter of a bell bearing

Measurement

(estimation)

Determination of a Big Value by Using a Small Sample

!!Utan

Height of a building

Measurement

(measuring instruments)

Vernier Callipers Micrometer Screw Gauge

Main scale

Spindle

Thimble

Rachet

Main scale

Vernier

Vernier scale

Measurement

(measuring instruments)

Measurement

(accuracy, consistency & sensitivity)

Measurement

(accuracy, consistency & sensitivity)

Measurement

(types of error)

Measurement

(types of error)

Analysing Scientific Investigation1.5

ObservationIdentify a

problemInference Hypothesis

Carry out

experiment

Measurement &

Collect data Analyze Data

Conclusion

Proved?

Failed?Suggest new

hypothesis

Theory /

Principle

make formulate

several time

St e p i n a sci ent ific met hod 28

Simple Pendulum30

[F4 Chapter 1] Understanding to Physics

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