Post on 23-Jan-2021
transcript
/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)&$
lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 :jLs[t ldlt M @)&$.)%.!)
/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ^) n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lgjf{rg
cfof]un] b]xfosf lgodx? agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b–!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ oL lgodx?sf] gfd æ/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL lgodfjnL,
@)&$Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] lgodfjnL t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgodfjnLdf,–
-s_ æclwsf/ k|fKt JolQmÆ eGgfn] lgod & sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd
bnsf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k]z ug{, lgod * sf] pklgod -!_
adf]lhd bn PsLs/0f x'g jf ufleg, lgod !^ sf] pklgod -@_
adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ug{, lgod !* sf]
pklgod -@_ adf]lhd Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lng
tyf lgod @^ sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bnsf ljj/0f x]/km]/ ePsf]
hfgsf/L lbgsf nflu bnsf] tk{maf6 cfof]udf lgj]bg lbg bnsf]
k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] cg';"rL–! adf]lhd clwsf/kq lbPsf] JolQm
;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ ælgjf{rg cjlwÆ eGgfn] lgjf{rg x'g] ldlteGbf Ps;o aL; lbg
cufl8b]lv lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd ;fj{hlgs geP ;Ddsf] cjlw
;Demg' k5{ .
t/ Ps ;o aL; lbgeGbf sd cjlw /xg] u/L lgjf{rg ldlt
3f]if0ff ePdf To;/L 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltb]lv lgjf{rgsf] clGtd
kl/0ffd ;fj{hlgs geP;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ lgjf{rg cjlw dflgg]5 .
kl/R5]b–@
bn btf{ tyf bnsf] Joj:yfkg
#= bn btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf # adf]lhd u7g ePsf] bn cfof]udf
btf{ ug{ To:tf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] P]gsf]
bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf ljj/0f tyf sfuhft ;+nUg u/L cg';"rL–@ adf]lhd
cfof]u ;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ bn btf{sf] nflu pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbFbf P]gsf] bkmf % sf]
pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -3_ / -ª_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu sDtLdf kfFr;o hgf g]kfnL
dtbftfn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf] cg';"rL–# adf]lhdsf] k|lta4tf tyf pb\3f]if0fkq ;d]t
;+nUg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bnn] k]z u/]sf] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf cfof]un] b]xfo
adf]lhd hfFr ug]{5 M–
-s_ lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f v'nfP jf gv'nfPsf],
-v_ lgj]bg / ;f] ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k"/f eP jf gePsf],
-u_ bn btf{ x'g g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg tyf k|rlnt ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] tf]s]sf]
zt{ k"/f u/] jf gu/]sf] .
-$_ cfof]un] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ bn btf{sf] nflu k]z ePsf]
lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft :ki6 gePdf jf s'g} ljifodf yk k|df0f
cfjZos kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt bnnfO{ yk ljj/0f, sfuhft jf cfjZos k|df0f ;lxt
cfkm\gf] lnlvt egfO{ k]z ug{ a9Ldf ;ft lbg;Ddsf] ;do lbg]5 .
-%_ cfof]un] pklgod -$_ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;doleq ;DalGwt bnn] yk ljj/0f,
sfuhft jf k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] egfO{ lnlvt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-^_ o; lgod adf]lhd bn btf{sf] nflu k]z ePsf] lgj]bg, ljj/0f, sfuhft
tyf k|df0fsf] hfFr ubf{ bn btf{ ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf cfof]un] lgj]bg btf{ ePsf]
ldltn] k}+tfnL; lbg leq btf{ ug]{5 / bn btf{ ug{ ldNg] gb]lvPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L
lgj]bsnfO{ u/fpg]5 .
$= ljj/0f hfFr ug{ tyf ;gfvt ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ cfof]un] lgod # sf] pklgod -#_
adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|lta4tf tyf pb\3f]if0fkqdf plNnlvt ljj/0f ;DalGwt dtbftf
gfdfjnLdf /x]sf] ljj/0f;Fu le8fO{ hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ To:tf] k|lta4tf tyf pb\3f]if0fkqdf
plNnlvt ljj/0fdf s'g} sdL jf q'l6 /x]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] ljj/0f k"/f u/L jf ;RofO{
Nofpg cfof]un] ;DalGwt bnnfO{ a9Ldf ;ft lbg ;Ddsf] ;do lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] bn btf{sf] nflu k]z ePsf] lgj]bg hfFra'em ug]{ qmddf cfjZostf
cg';f/ k|:tfljt bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/L / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:o;Fu 5nkmn ug{ jf
cfof]udf pkl:yt x'g nufO{ lghx?sf] x:tfIf/ cg';"rL–$ adf]lhd ;gfvt u/fpg
;Sg]5 . o;/L ;gfvtsf] nflu cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fpg tf]lsPsf] ldltdf pkl:yt
gx'g] kbflwsf/L jf ;b:onfO{ kl5 ;gfvt u/fOg] 5}g .
%= 5'§} gofF bn agfpg ;Sg] M -!_ ;+3Lo ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ s'g} bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt
/ ;+;bLo bnsf sDtLdf rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:on] P]gsf] bkmf ## sf] pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd 5'§} gofF bn agfPdf To:tf] bn btf{sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljj/0f tyf
sfuhft ;lxt cg';"rL–% adf]lhd cfof]u ;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg, lgodfjnL tyf 3f]if0ffkq,
-v_ bnsf] em08f tyf lrGx -nf]uf]_ sf] gd"gf,
-u_ ;fljssf] bnsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / ;ª\3Lo ;+;bsf ;+;bLo bnsf
sDtLdf rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:on] 5'§} gofF bn agfpg ;dy{g u/L
x:tfIf/ u/]sf] cg';"rL–^ adf]lhdsf] ;dy{gkq,
-3_ sDtLdf PSsfO; ;b:o ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] Joj:yf, /
-ª_ cfof]un] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhft .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf cfof]un] b]xfo
adf]lhd hfFr ug]{5 M–
-s_ lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f v'nfP jf gv'nfPsf],
-v_ lgj]bg / ;f] ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k"/f eP jf gePsf],
-u_ 5'§} bn btf{sf] nflu k|rlnt ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] zt{ k"/f u/] jf
gu/]sf] .
-#_ cfof]un] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ bn btf{sf] nflu k]z ePsf]
lgj]bg;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft :ki6 gePdf jf s'g} ljifodf yk k|df0f
cfjZos kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt bnnfO{ yk ljj/0f, sfuhft jf cfjZos k|df0f ;lxt
cfkm\gf] lnlvt egfO{ k]z ug{ a9Ldf ;ft lbg;Ddsf] ;do lbg]5 .
-$_ cfof]un] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;doleq ;DalGwt bnn] yk ljj/0f,
sfuhft jf k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] egfO{ lnlvt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ cfof]un] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] 5fglagsf ;DaGwdf ;fljssf] bnsf]
s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / ;+;bLo bnsf] rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:osf] ;dy{g /x] g/x]sf] ljifodf
;d]t hfFra'em ug{ / cfjZostf cg';f/ To:tf ;b:ox?nfO{ cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fpg
nufO{ cg';"rL–& adf]lhd ;gfvt u/fpg ;Sg]5 . o;/L ;gfvtsf] nflu cfof]udf
pkl:yt u/fpg tf]lsPsf] ldltdf pkl:yt gx'g] ;b:onfO{ kl5 ;gfvt u/fOg] 5}g .
-^_ cfof]un] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd ;+;bLo bnsf rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:o /x]
g/x]sf] ;DaGwdf ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfnodf kqfrf/ u/L a'em\g ;Sg]5 .
-&_ o; lgod adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ 5'§} gofF bn btf{ ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf
To:tf] bnnfO{ cfof]un] bn btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] k}+tfnL; lbg leq gofF
bnsf] ?kdf btf{ ug]{5 / bn btf{ ug{ gldNg] b]lvPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lgj]bsnfO{
u/fpg]5 .
-*_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgjf{rg cjlw e/ 5'§}
gofF bn agfpg] ;DaGwdf s'g} sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g .
^= bn btf{sf] clen]v M -!_ cfof]un] P]g tyf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd bn btf{ ubf{ b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f ;lxt bn btf{ lstfadf clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ bnsf] gfd,
-v_ bn btf{ gDa/,
-u_ bn btf{ x'Fbfsf] cj:yfsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:osf]
ljj/0f -;dfj]zL ljj/0f ;d]t_,
-3_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:osf],–
-!_ gfd M
-@_ kb M
-#_ 7]ufgf M
-$_ gful/stf gDa/ M
-%_ gful/stf hf/L ePsf] lhNnf M
-^_ gful/stf hf/L ePsf] ldlt M
-&_ ;dfj]zL ljj/0f M
-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo kbflwsf/L tyf
;b:osf] clen]v /fVbf bnn] k]z u/]sf] ;"rLsf] dflyNnf] qmddf /x]sf sDtLdf
PSsfO; ;b:osf] ljj/0f bn btf{ clen]v lstfadf /fvL cGo ljj/0f cfof]un] tf]s]
adf]lhd /fVg ;lsg]5 .
&= ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] k|of]hgsf]
nflu ;+jt\ @)&# ;fn r}t @& ut] ;Dddf cfof]udf btf{ sfod /x]sf] bnn] ;+jt\
@)&$ ;fn r}t @^ ut] leq P]gsf] bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_, -u_, -
r_ / -5_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft cg';"rL–* adf]lhd cfof]u ;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k]z ubf{ ;f] bnsf] k|d'v
kbflwsf/L jf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] b:tvt u/L lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft hfFra'em ubf{ s'g}
ljifo :ki6 gePdf cfof]un] ;DalGwt bn;Fu yk s'/f a'em\g jf yk ljj/0f dfu ug{
;Sg]5 / o;/L dfu u/]sf] ljj/0f cfof]udf a'emfpg' To:tf] bnsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-$_ o; lgod adf]lhd bnn] k]z u/]sf ljj/0f tyf sfuhft hfFr u/L cfof]un]
To;sf] clen]v /fVg]5 .
*= bn PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf !) adf]lhd b'O{ jf b'O{
eGbf a9L bnx? Ps cfk;df ;Demf}tf u/L PsLs/0f x'g jf uflegsf] nflu To:tf]
;Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] k}+tfnL; lbgleq b]xfosf sfuhftx? ;+nUg u/L PsLs/0f eO{
jf ufleO{ sfod ePsf] bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/L jf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] cg';"rL–(
adf]lhd cfof]udf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;fljssf bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] To;/L PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg]
;DaGwdf u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-v_ PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg] u/L ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ sfod ePsf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf]
k|ltlnlk,
-3_ PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ sfod ePsf] gofF bnsf] ljwfg, lgodfjnL
tyf 3f]if0ffkq,
-ª_ PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ sfod ePsf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf
kbflwsf/Lx?sf] gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk,
-r_ k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] clwsf/ lbPsf] JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPsf]df To;/L
lbOPsf] clwsf/kq,
-5_ PsLs/0f x'g' jf ufleg' cl3 btf{ ePsf bnsf] bn btf{ k|df0fkq .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] lgj]bg ;DaGwdf cfof]un] b]xfo adf]lhd
hfFr ug]{5 M–
-s_ lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f v'nfP jf gv'nfPsf],
-v_ lgj]bg / ;f] ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k"/f eP jf gePsf],
-u_ bn PsLs/0f x'g jf uflegsf] nflu k|rlnt ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] tf]s]sf]
zt{ k"/f u/] jf gu/]sf] .
-#_ cfof]un] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ bn PsLs/0f ug{ jf uflegsf
nflu k]z ePsf] lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhft tyf ljj/0f :ki6 gePdf jf s'g} ljifodf
yk k|df0f cfjZos kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt bnnfO{ yk ljj/0f, sfuhft jf cfjZos
k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] lnlvt egfO{ k]z ug{ a9Ldf ;ft lbg;Ddsf] ;do lbg]5 .
-$_ cfof]un] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;doleq ;DalGwt bnn] yk ljj/0f,
sfuhft jf k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] egfO{ lnlvt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ cfof]un] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] lgj]bg, ljj/0f, sfuhft tyf
k|df0fsf] hfFr ubf{ bn PsLs/0f ug{ jf ufEg dgfl;a b]lvPdf To:tf bnx? PsLs/0f
x'g] jf ufleg] lg0f{o ug]{5 / bn PsLs/0f ug{ jf ufEg ldNg] gb]lvPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L
;DalGwt bnnfO{ u/fpg]5 .
-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd cfof]un] bnx? PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg] lg0f{o ubf{ s'g}
bnsf] gfddf uflePsf]df To:tf] bnsf] ljj/0f cBfjlws u/L csf]{ bnsf] btf{ /2 ug'{
kg]{5 / gofF gfddf PsLs/0f ePsf]df 5'§} bnsf] ?kdf btf{ u/L ;fljssf bnsf] btf{
/2 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ o; lgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ;b:o olsg ubf{
PsLs/0f x'g' jf ufleg' tTsfn cuf8L /x]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltnfO{ cfwf/ dflgg]5 .
(= Pp6} gfdaf6 Ps eGbf a9L bn btf{ gx'g] M -!_ P]g tyf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd bn
btf{ ubf{ Pp6} gfdaf6 PseGbf a9L bn btf{ x'g] 5}g .
-@_ bn btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lbg] b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L bnsf] gfd Pp6} b]lvg
cfPdf cfof]un] ;DalGwt bn;Fu k/fdz{ u/L ;Dej eP;Dd To:tf bnx?sf] ;xdlt
adf]lhd 5'6\6f 5'6\6} klxrfg x'g] u/L btf{ ug]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ubf{ ;DalGwt bnx?aLr ;xdlt gePdf
cfof]un] To:tf bnx?sf] 5'§f5'§} ?kdf klxrfg x'g] u/L bn btf{ ug]{5 .
!)= 5fglag ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ bnn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !& sf] pkwf/f -@_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds
jfSof+z -#_ adf]lhd sfd, sf/afxL u/]sf]n] To:tf] sfd sf/afxL pk/ /f]s nufpg
P]gsf] bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] n]vL k7fPdf To:tf] sfd
sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]un] cjlw tf]sL cfof]usf] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{
5fglagsf] nflu v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd 5fglagsf] nflu vl6Psf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln]
To:tf] ljifodf 5fglag u/L cfof]un] tf]s]sf] ;doleq k|ltj]bg a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ o; lgod adf]lhdsf] 5fglagaf6 s'g} bnn] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfd,
sf/afxL u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf cfof]un] ;DalGwt bnnfO{ To:tf] sfd, sf/afxL t'?Gt
/f]Sg cfb]z lbO{ To;sf] hfgsf/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lbg]5 .
!!= bnsf] btf{ vf/]h M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} bnn] cfkm\gf]
bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ug{sf] nflu To:tf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd
bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhdsf sfuhft ;+nUg u/L cfof]u ;dIf cg';"rL–
!) adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg,
-v_ bn btf{ vf/]h ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ cfof]udf a'emfpg afFsL n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg,
-3_ lgj]bg lbg' cl3 sfod /x]sf] bnsf] rn, crn ;DklQ tyf bfloTj
;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-ª_ cfof]un] tf]s]sf] cGo ljj/0f .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ug{sf nflu lgj]bg k/]df cfof]un]
;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ug{sf] nflu cfof]un] cfjZostf cg';f/
cfof]usf] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 . o;/L tf]lsPsf] kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/Ln] cfk"mn] u/]sf] hfFra'emsf] k|ltj]bg cfof]u ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] lg0f{odf x:tfIf/ ug]{ To:tf] ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L jf ;b:onfO{ cfof]udf
pkl:yt x'g nufO{ cg';"rL–!! adf]lhd ;gfvt u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
-%_ o; lgod adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ bn vf/]h ug]{ ;DaGwdf bnsf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] s'/fdf cfof]u ljZj:t ePdf To:tf] bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ug]{5 .
-^_ bnn] P]gsf] bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -#_ df plNnlvt sfd, sf/afxL u/]sf] s'/f
cfof]un] h'g;'s} dfWodaf6 k|fKt u/]df ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-&_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ cfof]un] To:tf] bnnfO{ kGw| lbgsf] Dofb
lbO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug{ df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .
-*_ bnn] pklgod -&_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;kmfO{ k]z gu/]df jf k]z u/]sf]
;kmfO{ ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf cfof]un] ;f]sf] kGw| lbgleq bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o
ug]{5 .
-(_ pklgod -%_ / -*_ adf]lhd bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ePsf] ljj/0f g]kfn /fhkqdf
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@= cfly{s ;xof]usf] ;|f]t v'nfpg' kg]{ M bnn] P]gsf] bkmf #* adf]lhd s'g} g]kfnL gful/s
jf ;ª\ul7t ;+:yfaf6 Psnfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L cfly{s ;xof]u lnFbf To:tf] ;xof]u lbg]
JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf, k]zf, :yfoL n]vf gDa/ tyf To:tf] cfly{s ;xof]u
lbOPsf] /sdsf] ;|f]t / To:tf] /sddf s/ nfUg], gnfUg] s'/fx? v'nfpg nufP/ dfq
lng' kg]{5 / To:tf] ljj/0fsf] clen]v ;d]t /fVg' kg]{5 .
!#= hfFra'em ug]{ M -!_ s'g} bnn] P]gsf] bkmf #( sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lng gx'g]
:j]lR5s cfly{s ;xof]u lnPsf] jf k|fKt u/]sf] egL s;}n] k|df0f ;lxt ph'/L lbPdf jf
cfof]un] cGo s'g} ;|f]taf6 hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]df jf s'g} bnn] To:tf] /sd k|fKt u/]sf]
5 eGg] ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f ePdf cfof]un] ;f] ;DaGwdf hfFra'emsf] nflu
s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd v6fOPsf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'em
u/L To;/L cfly{s ;xof]u lnP glnPsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]u ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
!$= ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{ M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf $! adf]lhd bnn] cfof]udf k]z ug]{ n]vf k/LIf0f
k|ltj]bgdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ l:y/ k"FhL -rn tyf crn ;Dklt_,
-v_ rfn' k"FhL M
-!_ gub / a}s Jofn]G;,
-@_ C0f, k]ZsL / a}+s hDdf,
-u_ cfo M
-!_ ;b:otf z'Ns,
-@_ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ;xof]u,
-#_ cGo cfo,
-3_ Joo M
-!_ lgjf{rg vr{,
-@_ k|zf;sLo / ;fwf/0f vr{,
-#_ sd{rf/L vr{,
-$_ cGo vr{,
-ª_ a}s df}Hbft M
-!_ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] a}+s df}Hbft,
-@_ o; jif{sf] a}+s df}Hbft,
-5_ cfof]un] ;do ;dodf ljj/0f /fVg lgb]{zg lbPsf ljifox? .
-@_ cfof]un] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg hfFr ug{
s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] hfFrsf] l;nl;nfdf cfof]un] jf cfof]un] pklgod
-@_ adf]lhd tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] bnaf6 s'g]} ljj/0f jf sfuhft dfu
u/]df To:tf]] ljj/0f jf sfuhft ;DalGwt bnn] ;ft lbgleq pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bnn] k]z u/]sf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg hfFr ug{
cfof]un] tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tyf pklgod -#_
adf]lhd pknAw u/fPsf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhftsf] cfwf/df bnsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{
P]g, k|rlnt sfg"g tyf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd eP gePsf] hfFr u/L cfof]u ;dIf
k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–#
lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!%= ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{{ M -!_ cfof]un] P]gsf] bkmf $* adf]lhd lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
bn btf{ u/fpg k|To]s lgjf{rg cl3 cjlw tf]sL ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf cfof]un] cfkm\gf] j]a;fO6df /fvL /fli6«o
:t/sf] ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!^= lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbg] M -!_ lgjf{rgdf efu lng rfxg]
P]gsf] bkmf $ adf]lhd cfof]udf btf{ ePsf bnn] lgod !% sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd
tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq cfof]u ;dIf cg';"rL–!@ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg ;DalGwt bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/L jf clwsf/
k|fKt JolQmn] lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ bnn] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu btf{ x'g lgj]bg lbFbf bnsf] ljwfg, 3f]if0ffkq
tyf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ ;f]eGbf cufl8sf jif{sf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg cfof]udf k]z gug]{ bnn]
To:tf jif{sf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ gofF sfod ePsf] bnn] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd jflif{s
n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;f]xL cfly{s jif{df PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ gofF sfod ePsf] bnn]
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df sfod /x]sf k|To]s bnsf] cnu cnu jflif{s
n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg,
-v_ cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ gofF sfod ePsf] bnn]
PsLs/0f ePsf jf uflePsf ;fljssf bnsf] ljj/0f ;d]t b]lvg] u/L
tof/ ul/Psf] xfn sfod /x]sf] bnsf] jflif{s n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg .
-%_ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu btf{ x'g] cfly{s jif{df lgod % adf]lhd btf{ ePsf]
bnn] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ubf{ ;fljssf] bnsf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
!&= hfFra'em / lg0f{o M -!_ lgod !^ adf]lhd bnn] k]z u/]sf] lgj]bg ;DaGwdf cfof]un]
b]xfo adf]lhd hfFr u/L lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ lgj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f v'nfP jf gv'nfPsf],
-v_ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ug{ bnn] k]z u/]sf] lgj]bg / ;f]
;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f, sfuhft k"/f eP jf gePsf],
-u_ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ x'gsf nflu k|rlnt ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn]
tf]s]sf zt{x? k"/f u/] jf gu/]sf] .
-@_ cfof]un] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ljj/0f tyf
sfuhft :ki6 gePdf jf s'g} ljifodf yk k|df0f cfjZos kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt bnnfO{
yk ljj/0f, sfuhft jf cfjZos k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] lnlvt egfO{ k]z ug{ a9Ldf
;ft lbg;Ddsf] ;do lbg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;doleq ;DalGwt bnn] yk
sfuhft, ljj/0f jf k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] egfO{ lnlvt ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ cfof]un] o; lgod adf]lhd k]z ePsf] lgj]bg, sfuhft, ljj/0f tyf
k|df0fsf] hfFr ubf{ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ug{ dgfl;a b]v]df To:tf] bnnfO{
btf{ ug]{5 / btf{ ug{ ldNg] gb]lvPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt bnnfO{ u/fpg]5 .
!*= Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lng ;Sg] M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf $( adf]lhd b'O{ jf
;f] eGbf a9L bnn] s'g} bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrGx jf cGo s'g} lgjf{rg lrGx
lnO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g] u/L lgod !% sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]
cjlwleq cfof]u ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5g\ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lngsf] nflu
lgj]bg lbFbf To:tf bnx?sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{o ;lxt ;DalGwt bnsf k|d'v
kbflwsf/L jf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf cg';"rL–!# adf]lhd cfof]udf lgj]bg
lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg ;DaGwdf cfof]un] lgod !& adf]lhd
hfFra'em u/L P]g tyf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] k|s[of k"/f ePsf] kfPdf To:tf
bnx?nfO{ To:tf] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+o'Qm ?kdf btf{ ug]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;+o'Qm ?kdf btf{ ePsf] s'g} klg bnnfO{ ;f]xL lgjf{rg
k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'§} bnsf] ?kdf btf{ ul/g] 5}g .
-%_ lgod !^ adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] bn Psn r'gfj
lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lng] u/L pklgod -#_ adf]lhd csf]{ bn;Fu ;+o'Qm ?kdf
btf{ ePdf To:tf] bnnfO{ ;f] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'§} btf{ ul/g] 5}g .
kl/R5]b–$
ljljw
!(= k|df0fkq M -!_ cfof]un] lgod # sf] pklgod -^_ / lgod % sf] pklgod -^_ adf]lhd
btf{ ePsf] bnnfO{ cg';"rL–!$ adf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq lbg]5 .
-@_ cfof]un] lgod * sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L bn
PsLs/0f eO{ jf ufleO{ sfod ePsf] bnnfO{ cg';"rL–!% adf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq lbg]5 .
@)= bn btf{ lstfa M -!_ cfof]un] lgod # / % adf]lhd btf{ ePsf bnsf] ljj/0f
cg';"rL–!^ adf]lhdsf] tyf lgod !& / !* adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu btf{
ePsf bnsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL–!& adf]lhdsf] bn btf{ lstfadf clen]v u/L /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfof]udf /xg] bn btf{ lstfadf /x]sf] clen]v
cfof]usf] ;lrjn] k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ cfof]un] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] bn btf{ lstfasf] cBfjlws clen]v
If]qLo lgjf{rg sfof{no tyf lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{nonfO{ ;d]t pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt clen]v ;DalGwt If]qLo lgjf{rg sfof{no tyf
lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{non] ;'/lIft ?kdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
@!= ljB'tLo clen]v /fVg ;Sg] M -!_ cfof]un] bnsf] ljwfg, lgodfjnL, 3f]if0ffkq tyf
kbflwsf/Lsf] ljj/0f ljB'tLo dfWoddf clen]v u/L /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ bnn] lgod #, %, & tyf * adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f cfof]udf k]z ubf{ bnsf]
ljwfg, lgodfjnL, bnsf] 3f]if0ffkq tyf s]Gb|Lo kbflwsf/L / ;b:osf] ljj/0f ;dfj]z
ePsf] ljB'tLo k|lt ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@@ bn Tofu u/]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ s'g} bnsf] tk{maf6 :yfgLo txsf] s'g} kbdf
pDd]bjf/ eO{ lgjf{lrt ePsf] ;b:on] P]gsf] bkmf #@ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd bn
Tofu x'g] sfo{ u/]df ;f] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/L lghn] bn Tofu u/]sf]
Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L hfgsf/L u/fpFbf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/] kl5 kGw| lbg leq cfof]un]
/fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs klqsfdf ;f]sf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg eP kl5 :yfgLo txsf] To:tf]
;b:osf] kb :jtM l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 .
@#= ljjfb lg?k0f ;DaGwL ;'g'jfO{sf] k|s[of M -!_ b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L bnx?aLr jf Pp6}
bnsf b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L kIfaLr pTkGg ePsf] ljjfb lg?k0fsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]un]
P]gsf] bkmf $% adf]lhd ;'g'jfO{ ubf{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|df0f a'em\g ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|df0f a'em\g] qmddf cfof]un] ;DalGwt kIfnfO{
cfjZos k|df0f k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L lbPsf] cfb]z adf]lhdsf] k|df0f
bflvnf ug'{ ;DalGwt bn jf kIfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ ljjfbsf] ;'g'jfO{sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] ldltdf ;'g'jfO{ ;DaGwL sf/afxL ;DkGg
x'g g;s]df ;'g'jfO{sf] nflu csf]{ ldlt tf]sL ;DalGwt kIfsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt
ePsf]df lghnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ ;f]sf] e/kfO{ u/fO{ /fVg' kg]{5 / To:tf] k|ltlglw
pkl:yt gePsf]df To:tf] kIfnfO{ csf]{ ;'g'jfO{ x'g] ldltsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg]5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd kIfsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOPsf]df To:tf] kIfn]
;f]sf] hfgsf/L kfPsf] dflgg]5 .
-%_ ljjfb lg?k0f ;DaGwdf ckgfOg] ;'gjfO{sf] cGo k|s[of cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-^_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgjf{rg cjlw e/ ljjfb
lg?k0f ;DaGwdf s'g} sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g .
@$= bn;Fu k/fdz{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf $& sf] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt
ljifosf cltl/Qm cfof]un] bnx?;Fu b]xfosf ljifodf ;do–;dodf k/fdz{, cGt/lqmof
tyf 5nkmnsf] nflu /fhgLlts k/fdz{ a}7s cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ dtbftf gfdfjnL ;ª\sng,
-v_ lgjf{rg cfrf/ ;+lxtf,
-u_ dtbfgsf] dfWod / k|s[of,
-3_ lgjf{rg jf hgdt ;ª\u|x,
-ª_ lgjf{rg vr{,
-r_ dtbftf lzIff,
-5_ lgjf{rg ;'/Iff,
-h_ bnsf] bfloTj tyf bn Joj:yfkg,
-em_ cfof]un] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljifo .
-@_ cfof]un] P]g tyf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd bn;Fu k/fdz{ ubf{ k|b]z jf
:yfgLo:t/df ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@%= hfgsf/L lbg' kg{] M -!_ bnn] P]gsf] bkmf %! adf]lhd cfkm\gf] gfd, ljwfg, lgod, 5fk,
em08f, lrGx -nf]uf]_ df kl/jt{g jf ;+zf]wg ePdf jf kbflwsf/Lsf] x]/k]m/ ePdf bnsf]
k|d'v kbflwsf/L jf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] cg';"rL–!* adf]lhd cfof]udf hfgsf/L
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] To:tf] kl/jt{g,
;+zf]wg jf x]/k]m/ ;+ljwfg, P]g, o; lgodfjnL tyf bnsf] ljwfg adf]lhd eP gePsf]
/ ;f] ;DaGwdf cflwsfl/s lg0f{o eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ To:tf] kl/jt{g, ;+zf]wg jf x]/k]m/
;+ljwfg, P]g, o; lgodfjnL tyf bnsf] ljwfg adf]lhd ePsf] / To;/L kl/jt{g jf
;+zf]wg ul/Psf] gfd, em08f, 5fk tyf lrGx -nf]uf]_ cGo s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] gfd,
em08f, 5fk tyf lrGx -nf]uf]_ ;Fu bf]xf]/f] gkg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] clen]v cBfjlws ug]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ To;/L gfd, ljwfg, lgod, 5fk, em08f,
lrGx -nf]uf]_ df kl/jt{g jf ;+zf]wg ug{ jf kbflwsf/Lsf] x]/k]m/ ug{ gldNg] cj:yf
ePdf cfof]un] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ ;'wf/ ;lxtsf] ljj/0f k]z ug{ ;ft lbgsf] ;do lbO{
;DalGwt bnnfO{ ;"lrt ug]{5 .
-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq To:tf] ljj/0f k|fKt ePdf / cfof]u
To;df ;Gt'i6 ePdf ;f] adf]lhdsf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L /fVg]5 / s'g} ljj/0f
kl/jt{g, ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/ x'g g;Sg] ePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt bnnfO{
u/fpg]5 .
-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd s'g} ljj/0f kl/jt{g, ;+zf]wg jf x]/k]m/ x'g g;Sg]
ePdf bnsf] ;fljssf] ljj/0f g} sfod /x]sf] dflgg]5 .
@^= :j]lR5s cfly{s ;xof]usf] ljj/0f jf clen]v k]z ug]{ M cfof]un] P]gsf] bkmf %$ sf]
pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ adf]lhd bnn] k|fKt u/]sf] :j]lR5s cfly{s ;xof]u /sd /
cfly{s ;xfotfsf] /sdsf] n]vf ljj/0f dfu u/]sf]df ;DalGwt bnn] k}+tL; lbgleq
To:tf] ljj/0f jf clen]v cfof]u ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@&= Ifltk"lt{sf] nflu ph"/L ug{ ;Sg] M s'g} bnn] s'g} ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos, ;fj{hlgs jf
lghL ;DklQdf xfgL, gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPdf jf k'¥ofpg nufPdf lghL ;DklQsf] xsdf
;DklQ wgLn] / ;fj{hlgs jf ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] xsdf ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnf
clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] P]gsf] bkmf %* adf]lhd ;DalGwt lhNnf
cbfntdf ph"/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@*= sfuhft w'Nofpg ;Sg] M lgod # sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd bnn] k]z u/]sf] k|lta4tf
tyf pb\3f]if0fkq cfof]un] bn btf{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o ePsf] 5 dlxgf kl5 w'Nofpg
;Sg]5 .
t/ bn btf{sf] ljifodf s'g} ph'/L k/]sf] jf s'g} cbfntdf d'2f k/]sf] ePdf
To:tf] ph'/L jf d'2fsf] clGtd lg0f{o geP;Dd To:tf] k|lta4tf tyf pb\3f]if0fkq
w'NofOg] 5}g .
@(= bnsf] ljwfg tyf lgodfjnLsf] 9fFrf tf]Sg ;Sg] M bnn] P]g tyf o; lgodfjnL
adf]lhd tof/ u/L cfof]udf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljwfg tyf lgodfjnLsf] 9fFrf cfof]un] tf]Sg
;Sg]5 .
cg';"rL–!
-lgod @ sf] v08 -s_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bnsf] tk{maf6 lgjf{rg cfof]udf lgj]bg lbg clwsf/ lbOPsf] clwsf/kqsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bnsf] tk{maf6 lgjf{rg cfof]udf lgj]bg lbg clwsf/kq lbOPsf] ;DaGwdf
lgjf{rg cfof]udf /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $ adf]lhd bnsf] ljj/0f
tyf sfuhft k]z ug{÷bkmf !) adf]lhd bn PsLs/0f x'g jf ufleg lgj]bg lbg÷bkmf $*
adf]lhd lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ u/fpg÷bkmf $( adf]lhd Psn r'gfa lrGx lnO{
lgjf{rgdf efu lng] lgj]bg lbg÷bkmf %! adf]lhd bnsf] ljj/0f x]/km]/ ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg
========================================== gfds /fhgLlts bnsf] tkm{af6 lgDg lnlvt JolQmnfO{ {
clwsf/ lbOPsf] 5 .
clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf] k"/f gfd, y/ M– =========================================
kb M– =========================================
7]ufgf M– =========================================
kmf]g g+= M– =========================================
df]afOn g+= M– =========================================
ˆofS; g+= M– =========================================
Od]n M– =========================================
clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf] b:tvt gd"gf M–
bnsf] 5fk
k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
b:tvt M– =========================================
gfd, y/ M– =========================================
kb M– =========================================
ldlt M– =========================================
14
cg';"rL–@
-lgod # sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
/fhgLlts bn btf{ ug{sf] nflu lbg]+ lgj]bg
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bn btf{ u/L kfpF .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / k|rlnt ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] Joj:yf u/]sf zt{x? kfngf ug]{
k|lta4tf JoQm ub}{ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @^( / /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf]
bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd bn btf{sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljj/0f tyf sfuhft
;lxt of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] 5' M–
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f,–
-s_ bnsf] k'/f gfd M–
-v_ bnsf] ;+lIfKt gfd M–
-u_ bn u7g ePsf] ldlt M–
-3_ bn btf{ ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] ldlt M–
-ª_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M–
-r_ k|fb]lzs sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf,–
-!_
-@_
-#_
-$_
-%_
-^_
-&_
-5_ kqfrf/sf] 7]ufgf M–
-h_ 6]lnkmf]g g+= M–
-em_ Od]n 7]ufgf M–
-`_ j]a;fO6 M–
-6_ bnsf] s'n ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;ª\Vof M–
@= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f M
15
qm=
;+
gfd kb 7]ufgf 6]lnkmf]g
g+=
Od]n
7]ufgf
gful/stf
k|df0fkq g+=
gful/stf
lnPsf] ldlt
/ lhNnf
b:tvt s}lkm
ot
#= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] eP kl5Nnf] k6s lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt M–
$= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] bn btf{sf] nflu u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-v_ bnsf] ljwfg,
-u_ bnsf] lgodfjnL,
-3_ bnsf] 3f]if0ffkq,
-ª_ bnsf] em08f, lrGx -nf]uf]_ sf] gd"gf,
-r_ sDtLdf kfFr;o hgf g]kfnL dtbftfn] bnsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ u/]sf] k|lta4tf
;lxt lghx?n] csf]{ bnsf] ;b:o gePsf] egL u/]sf] pb\3f]if0f kq,
-5_ bnsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ k|lta4tf JoQm ug]{ g]kfnL dtbftfx?sf] gful/stf jf
dtbftf kl/rokqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls 5, km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] 5fk k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
kb M–
ldlt M–
16
cg';"rL–#
-lgod # sf] pklgod -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
dtbftfx?sf] k|lta4tf tyf pb\3f]if0fkq
>L =============================================== ;efklt÷cWoIf÷dxf;lrj /xg' ePsf] =================================================== gfdsf] bn cfof]udf btf{
u/fpg xfdL b]xfosf g]kfnL dtbftfn] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/L x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5f}+ . k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd xfdL bnsf] ;b:o x'g of]Uo ePsf] tyf
csf]{ bnsf] ;b:o gePsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t pb\3f]if ub{5f}+ .
qm=
;+=
gfd, y/ k|b]z lhNnf ufFpkflnsf÷
gu/kflnsf
j8f
g+=
Dftbftf
gDa/
gful/stf
gDa/
gful/stf
hf/L
ePsf]
ldlt /
lhNnf
afa'/cfdfsf]
gfd
klt/kTgLsf]
gfd
dtbftfsf]
x:tfIf/
pk/f]Qm ljj/0fx? 7Ls 5g\ . km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] gfd M– k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
bnsf] 5fk M– kb M–
ldlt M–
17
cg';"rL–$
-lgod $ sf] pklgod -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bnsf] k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] x:tfIf/sf] ;gfvtsf] 9fFrf
bn btf{sf] nflu lgjf{rg cfof]udf k]z ePsf] ============================================bndf d
============================================= kbdf /xg d~h'/ u/L /fhLv'zLn] ;xL5fk u/]sf] x'F . km/s
7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf hGdldlt lnË gful/stf
g+=
dtbftf g+= b:tvt
k|dfl0ft ug]{ clws[tsf],
b:tvt M
gfd M
bhf{ M
ldlt M
18
cg';"rL–%
-lgod % sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
5'§} bn btf{ ug{sf] nflu lbg]+ lgj]bg
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M 5'§} bn btf{ u/L kfpF .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @^( / /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $ sf]
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd o; cfof]udf bn btf{ sfod /x]sf] ================================= gfds
/fhgLlts bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / ;ª\3Lo ;+;bsf rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:o eO{ /fhgLlts bn
;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ## sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd 5'§} gofF bn agfpg b]xfo
adf]lhdsf ljj/0f tyf sfuhft ;lxt of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] 5' M–
!= ;fljssf] bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f,–
-s_ bnsf] gfd M–
-v_ cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ldlt M–
-u_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:osf] ;ª\Vof M–
-3_ ;ª\3Lo ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;b:o ;ª\Vof M–
@= gofF /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f,–
-s_ bnsf] k'/f gfd M–
-v_ bnsf] ;+lIfKt gfd M–
-u_ bn u7g ePsf] ldlt M–
-3_ bn btf{ ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] ldlt M–
-ª_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M–
-r_ k|fb]lzs sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf,–
-!_
-@_
-#_
-$_
-%_
-^_
-&_
-5_ kqfrf/sf] 7]ufgf M–
19
-h_ 6]lnkmf]g g+= M–
-em_ Od]n 7]ufgf M–
-`_ j]a;fO6 M–
-6_ 5'§} gofF bn agfpg ;dy{g ug]{ ;fljssf] bnsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:osf]
;ª\Vof M–
-7_ 5'§} gofF bn agfpg ;dy{g ug]{ ;fljssf] bnsf] tkm{af6 ;ª\3Lo ;+;bdf
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;b:osf] ;ª\Vof M–
#= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f M
qm=
;+
gfd kb 7]ufgf 6]lnkmf]g
g+=
Od]n
7]ufgf
gful/stf
k|df0fkq g+=
gful/stf
lnPsf] ldlt
/ lhNnf
b:tvt s}lkm
ot
$= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] bn btf{sf] nflu u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-v_ bnsf] ljwfg,
-u_ bnsf] lgodfjnL,
-3_ bnsf] 3f]if0ffkq,
-ª_ bnsf] em08f, lrGx -nf]uf]_ sf] gd"gf,
-r_ ;fljssf] bnsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / ;ª\3Lo ;+;bsf ;+;bLo bnsf sDtLdf
rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:on] 5'§} gofF bn agfpg ;dy{g u/L x:tfIf/ u/]sf]
;dy{gkq,
-5_ bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] gful/stf jf dtbftf
kl/rokqsf] k|ltlnlk .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls 5, km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] 5fk k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
kb M–
ldlt M–
20
cg';"rL–^
-lgod % sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
5'§} bn u7g ug{ ;dy{gkq
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @^( / /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -
!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg cfof]udf bn btf{ sfod /x]sf] ================================= gfds
/fhgLlts bnaf6 cnu eO{ =================================================== gfdsf] bn u7g u/L
cfof]udf btf{ u/fpg ;dy{g ub{5f}+ .
qm=;+= gfd, y/ 7]ufgf s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf]
;b:o ePsf]
;ª\3Lo
;+;bsf]
;b:o ePsf]
x:tfIf/
pk/f]Qm ljj/0fx? 7Ls 5g\ . km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] gfd M– k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
bnsf] 5fk M– kb M–
ldlt M–
21
cg';"rL–&
-lgod % sf] pklgod -%_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
s]Gb|Lo kbflwsf/L÷;b:o tyf ;+;b ;b:osf] ;gfvtsf] 9fFrf
o; cfof]udf btf{ sfod /x]sf] ================================================ gfds /fhgLlts bnaf6
5'l6\6O{ ================================== gfds /fhgLlts bn btf{ ug{ k/]sf] lgj]bgdf d}n]
/fhLv'zLn] ;xL5fk u/]sf] x'F . km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf hGdldlt lnË gful/stf
g+=
;fljssf]
bnsf]
s]Gb|Lo
kbflwsf/L
÷;b:o
ePsf]
ljj/0f
;+3Lo
;+;bsf
;b:o
ePsf]
ljj/0f
b:tvt
k|dfl0ft ug]{ clws[tsf],
b:tvt M
gfd M
bhf{ M
ldlt M
22
cg';"rL–*
-lgod & sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bnn] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k]z ug]{ 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bnsf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft k]z u/]sf] .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @^( adf]lhd o; cfof]udf ldlt ================ df btf{
ePsf] ============================ bnsf] tk{maf6 /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $ sf]
pkbkmf -#_ tyf /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)&$ sf] lgod & sf] pklgod -!_
adf]lhd b]xfosf sfuhft tyf ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] 5' M–
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f M
-s_ bnsf] k'/f gfd M
-v_ bnsf] ;+lIfKt gfd M
-u_ bn btf{ gDa/ M
-3_ bn btf{ ePsf] ldlt M
-ª_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
-r_ k|fb]lzs sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf,–
-!_
-@_
-#_
-$_
-%_
-^_
-&_
-5_ kqfrf/sf] 7]ufgf M
-h_ 6]lnkmf]g g+= M
-em_ Od]n 7]ufgf M
-`_ j]a;fO6 M
-6_ bnsf] s'n ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;ª\Vof M
23
@= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f M
qm=
;+
gfd kb 7]ufgf 6]lnkmf]g
g+=
Od]n
7]ufgf
gful/stf
k|df0fkq g+=
gful/stf
lnPsf] ldlt
/ lhNnf
b:tvt s}lkmot
#= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] eP kl5Nnf] lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt M–
$= lgDglnlvt ljj/0fx? tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg,
-v_ bnsf] lgodfjnL,
-u_ bnsf] 3f]if0ffkq,
-3_ em08f, lrGx -nf]uf]_ sf] gd"gf,
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls 5, km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] 5fk k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
kb M–
ldlt M–
24
cg';"rL–(
-lgod * sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bn PsLs/0f jf ufleg] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bn PsLs/0f ug]{÷bn ufleg] ;DaGwdf .
lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ePsf b]xfo adf]lhdsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g,
@)&# sf] bkmf !) adf]lhd Ps cfk;df PsLs/0f x'g]÷ufleg] ;Demf}tf u/]sfn] ==========================
gfdsf] gofF bnsf] ?kdf btf{ u/L÷;fljsdf btf{ ePsf] ====================== bndf ufleg] u/L clen]v
cBfjlws u/L kfpg of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
!= PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg] bnx?sf] ljj/0f M
qmd
;+Vof
/fhgLlts
bnsf] k"/f
gfd
;+lIfKt
gfd
:yfkgf
ePsf]
ldlt
cfof]udf
bn btf{
ePsf]
ldlt
s]Gb|Lo
sfof{nosf]
7]ufgf
kqfrf/
ug]{
7]ufgf
6]lnkmf]g
g+=
O–d]n
7]ufgf
j]e
;fO6
!
@
#
@= ;fljssf bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt tyf k|b]z ;ldltsf] kl5Nnf] k6s lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt
qm=;++ /fhgLlts bnsf] gfd s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt
k|b]z ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg
ePsf] ldlt
!
@
#
#= xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox? M
qm=
;+
gfd kb 7]ufgf 6]lnkmf]g
g+=
Od]n
7]ufgf
gful/stf
k|df0fkq g+=
gful/stf
lnPsf] ldlt
/ lhNnf
b:tvt s}lkm
ot
25
$= s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] eP kl5Nnf] k6s lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt M–
%= PsLs/0f x'g] jf ufleg] s'g} bnn] PsLs/0f x'g' jf ufleg' cl3 ePsf] lgjf{rgdf k|fKt
u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrGx k|of]u ug{ rfx]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f M
^= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ ;fljssf bnsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-v_ bnx?aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-3_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] ljwfg,
-ª_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] lgodfjnL,
-r_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] 3f]if0ffkq,
-5_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] em08f, lrGx -nf]uf]_ sf] gd"gf,
-h_ xfn sfod ePsf] bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:osf] gful/stfsf]
k|ltlnlk,
-em_ ;fljssf bnx?sf] bn btf{ k|df0fkqsf] ;Ssn,
-`_ clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPsf] eP k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] lbPsf] To:tf]
clwsf/ kq .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;xF'nf, a'emfpFnf .
/fhgLlts bnsf] tkm{af6 clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf],–
-s_ ====================================== bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M ========================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf] 5fk
b:tvt M ldlt M
-v_ ====================================== bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M ========================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf] 5fk
b:tvt M ldlt M
-u_ ====================================== bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M ========================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf] 5fk
26
b:tvt M ldlt M
27
cg';"rL–!)
-lgod !! sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bn btf{ vf/]hLsf] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bn btf{ vf/]h u/L kfpF .
lgjf{rg cfof]udf ldlt =================== df btf{ ePsf] ============================
/fhgLlts bn vf/]h ug]{ u/L bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] ldlt ================= df lg0f{o u/]sf]n]
lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ;f] bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ul/ lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f,–
-s_ bnsf] k'/f gfd M–
-v_ bnsf] ;+lIfKt gfd M–
-u_ bn u7g ePsf] ldlt M–
-3_ bn btf{ ePsf] ldlt / bn btf{ gDa/ M–
-ª_ bn btf{ vf/]h ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] ldlt M–
-r_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M–
@= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg,
-v_ bnsf] btf{ vf/]h ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ cf=j= ======= sf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg,
-3_ bnsf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTj ;DaGwL ljj/0f .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls 5, km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] 5fk k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
kb M–
ldlt M–
28
cg';"rL–!!
-lgod !! sf] pklgod -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
kbflwsf/Lsf] ;gfvtsf] 9fFrf
================================================ bnsf] btf{ vf/]hLsf] nflu k/]sf] lgj]bgdf d}n]
/fhLv'zLn] ;xL5fk u/]sf] x'F . km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf hGdldlt lnË gful/stf
g+=
bnsf] s]Gb|Lo
kbflwsf/L
÷;b:o
ePsf] ljj/0f
b:tvt
k|dfl0ft ug]{ clws[tsf],
b:tvt M
gfd M
bhf{ M
ldlt M
29
cg';"rL–!@
-lgod !^ sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{sf] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M ======================= lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgfy{ bn btf{ ul/lbg]] ;Dawdf .
cfufdL =================== lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @&! /
/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf $* adf]lhd cfof]udf bn btf{ ug{sf lgldQ
lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 ldlt ================= k|sflzt ;"rgf cg';f/ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f
v'nfO{ of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] 5' .
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f M
/fhgLlts
bnsf] k"/f
gfd
;+lIfKt
gfd
:yfkgf
ePsf]
ldlt
cfof]udf
bn btf{
ePsf]
ldlt
s]Gb|Lo
sfof{nosf]
7]ufgf
kqfrf/
ug]{
7]ufgf
6]lnkmf]g
g+=
O–d]n
7]ufgf
j]e
;fO6
@= bnsf] kl5Nnf] dxflwj]zg ePsf] ldlt / :yfg M
#= bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:osf] ;+Vof M
$= cfof]u ;dIf bnsf] jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] ldlt M
%= bnsf] s]Gb|Lo:t/ / k|b]z:t/sf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] 5 eg] kl5Nnf]
lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt M–
s]Gb|Lo:t/ ======================== k|b]z:t/======================
^= efu lng rfx]sf] lgjf{rgsf] gfd M–
&= k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] xsdf s'g s'g k|b]zdf efu lng] xf] v'nfpg] M–
*= o;eGbf cl3sf] lgjf{rgdf k|fKt u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrGx lng rfx]df ;f] lgjf{rg lrGx
pNn]v ug]{ M–
(= o;eGbf cl3sf] lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg lrGx k|fKt gu/]sf] bnn] jf lgjf{rg lrGx k|fKt
u/]sf] eP tfklg cGo lgjf{rg lrGx lng rfxg] bnn] cfk"mn] k|fKt ug{ rfx]sf] tLg
j6f lgjf{rg lrGx pNn]v ug]{ -k|fyldstfqmd cg';f/_
-s_ =============================================
30
-v_ =============================================
-u_ =============================================
!)= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg, lgodfjnL tyf 3f]if0ffkq,
-v_ lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ug{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 ePsf] lg0f{osf]
k|ltlnlk,
-u_ gofF lgjf{rg lrGx lng rfx]sf]df cfk"mn] lng rfx]sf] sDtLdf tLgj6f a]Unf–
a]Un} lgjf{rg lrGxsf] gd"gf / ;f]sf] ljB'tLo k|lt,
-3_ cf=j= ========================= sf] jflif{s n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg,
-ª_ clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPsf] eP k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] lbPsf] To:tf]
clwsf/kq .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;xF'nf,
a'emfpFnf .
k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf],–
========================== gfd, y/ M
/fhgLlts bnsf] 5fk kb M
b:tvt M
ldlt M
31
cg';"rL–!#
-lgod !* sf] pklgod -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{sf] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf efu lng] u/L lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ u/L lbg]
;DaGwdf .
cfufdL ====================lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf]
bkmf $( adf]lhd Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'gsf] lgldQ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf]
wf/f @&! adf]lhd cfof]uaf6 dfGotf k|fKt ug{ bn btf{ u/fpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu ldlt
=================== k|sflzt ;"rgf cg';f/ xfdL b]xfosf /fhgLlts bnx?n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f
v'nfO{ of] lgj]bg k]z u/sf] 5f}+ .
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f M
qmd
;+Vof
/fhgLlts
bnsf] k"/f
gfd
;+lIfKt
gfd
:yfkgf
ePsf]
ldlt
cfof]udf
bn btf{
ePsf]
ldlt
s]Gb|Lo
sfof{nosf]
7]ufgf
kqfrf/
ug]{
7]ufgf
6]lnkmf]g
g+=
O–d]n
7]ufgf
j]e
;fO6
!
@
#
@= bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:osf] ;+Vof M
qmd
;+Vof
/fhgLlts bnsf] gfd s]Gb|Lo
kbflwsf/Lsf]
;+Vof
s]Gb|Lo
;b:osf] ;+Vof
hDdf
!
@
#
#= cfof]u ;dIf bnsf] jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] ldlt M
qmd
;+Vof
/fhgLlts bnsf] gfd k]z u/]sf] ldlt
!
@
32
#
$= bnsf] s]Gb|Lo:t/ / k|b]z:t/sf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] 5 eg] ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f M
qmd
;+Vof
/fhgLlts bnsf] gfd s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL
;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ePsf]
ldlt
k|b]z ;ldltsf]
lgjf{rg ePsf] ldlt
!
@
#
%= Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{ efu lng rfx]sf] lgjf{rgsf] gfd M–
^= k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] xsdf s'g s'g k|b]zdf efu lng] xf] v'nfpg] M–
&= lgj]bg lbg] bn dWo] s'g} bnn] o; eGbf cl3sf] lgjf{rgdf kfPsf] r'gfj lrGx lng rfx]df
;f] r'gfj lrGx pNn]v ug]{ M–
=====================================================================================================================
*= o; eGbf cl3sf lgjf{rgdf r'gfj lrGx k|fKt gu/]sf bnn] jf r'gfj lrGx k|fKt u/]sf] eP
tfklg cGo r'gfj lrGx lng rfxg] bnn] cfk"mn] lng rfx]sf r'gfj lrGx k|fyldstf qmd
cg';f/ pNn]v ug]{ M
-s_ =============================================
-v_ =============================================
-u_ =============================================
(= lgDglnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhft ;+nUg 5g\ M
-s_ ;DalGwt bnsf] ljwfg, lgodfjnL tyf 3f]if0ffkq,
-v_ Psn r'gfj lrGx lnO{{ lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g] u/L lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu
bn btf{ ug{ ;DalGwt bnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 ePsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ gofF lgjf{rg lrGx lng rfx]sf] eP cfk"mn] lng rfx]sf] lgjf{rg lrGxsf]
sDtLdf tLgj6f a]Unf–a]Un} gd"gf / ;f]sf] ljB'tLo k|lt,
-3_ cf=j ===============sf] jflif{s n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg,
-ª_ clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPsf] eP k|d'v kbflwsf/Ln] lbPsf] To:tf]
clwsf/kq .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;xF'nf,
a'emfpFnf .
33
/fhgLlts bnsf] tkm{af6 clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf],–
-s_ ================================= bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M =======================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf]
5fk
b:tvt M ldlt M
-v_ ================================= bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M =======================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf]
5fk
b:tvt M ldlt M
-u_ ================================= bnsf] tkm{af6 k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt JolQm,–
gfd, y/ M =======================
kb M /fhgLlts bnsf]
5fk
b:tvt M ldlt M
34
cg';"rL–!$
-lgod !( sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bn btf{sf] k|df0fkq
lgjf{rg cfof]u, g]kfn
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+
/fhgLlts bn btf{ k|df0fkq
/fhgLlts bn btf{ gDa/ M
========================= gfds /fhgLlts bnnfO{ /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf ====
adf]lhd lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ug]{ u/L cfof]uaf6 ldlt ====================== df lg0f{o ePsf]n]
of] k|df0fkq lbOPsf] 5 .
/fhgLlts bnsf] k'/f gfd M
/fhgLlts bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
ldlt M =========================
;lrj
35
cg';"rL–!%
-lgod !( sf] pklgod -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bn PsLs/0f ePsf] jf uflePsf] k|df0fkq
lgjf{rg cfof]u, g]kfn
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+
/fhgLlts bn PsLs/0f ePsf] jf uflePsf] k|df0fkq
sfod x'g] /fhgLlts bn btf{ gDa/ M
/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# sf] bkmf !) adf]lhd b]xfosf /fhgLlts bnx? cfk;df
PsLs/0f PsLs/0f eO{÷ufleO{ ============================================ gfds /fhgLlts bn sfod
/xg] u/L cfof]uaf6 lg0f{o ePsf]n] of] k|df0fkq lbOPsf] 5 .
PsLs/0f x'g]÷ufleg] /fhgLlts bnx? / bn btf{ gDa/
! ==============================
@ ==============================
# ==============================
$ =============================
PsLs/0f eO{÷ufleO{ sfod x'g] /fhgLlts bn
/fhgLlts bnsf] k'/f gfd M
/fhgLlts bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M
ldlt M =========================
;lrj
36
cg';"rL–!^
-lgod @) sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bn btf{ lstfasf] 9fFrf
bnsf] gfdM– lgj]bg btf{ ldltM–
bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgfM– ;Dks{ 6]lnkmf]g g+=÷df]afOn g+=M–
bn btf{ g+=M– bnsf] em08f / lrGxM–
bn btf{ ldltM–
qm=;+= bnaf6
k|fKt kqsf]
k=;+=÷r=g+=
kq jf
lgj]bgsf]
Joxf]/f
s]Gb|Lo
kbflwsf/Lx?sf]
ljj/0f /
;dfj]zL
ljj/0f
cfof]uaf6
ePsf]
lg0f{o
lg0f{o
ldlt
cfof]uaf6
kqfrf/
u/]sf]
r=g+= /
ldlt
k|dfl0ft
ug]{sf]
b:tvt
s}lkmot
37
cg';"rL–!&
-lgod @) sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
=====================lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ lstfasf] 9fFrf
bnsf] gfdM– lgj]bg btf{ ldltM–
bnsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgfM– ;Dks{ 6]lnkmf]g g+=÷df]afOn g+=M–
;+u7g k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ ldlt / btf{ g+=M–
bnsf] em08f / lrGxM–
lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] nflu bn btf{ gDa/ M– lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf] bn btf{ ldlt M–
cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] lgjf{rg lrGx M–
qm=;+= bnaf6
k|fKt kqsf]
k=;+=÷r=g+=
kq jf lgj]bgsf]
Joxf]/f
cfof]uaf6
ePsf] lg0f{o
lg0f{o
ldlt
cfof]uaf6
kqfrf/
u/]sf] r=g+=
/ ldlt
k|dfl0ft
ug]{sf]
b:tvt
s}lkmot
38
cg';"rL–!*
-lgod @% sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
bnsf] ljj/0f x]/km]/ ePsf] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf
>L lgjf{rg cfof]u,
sflGtky, sf7df8f}+ .
ljifo M bnsf] ljj/0f kl/jt{g ul/Psf] af/] .
lgjf{rg cfof]udf ldlt =================== df btf{ ePsf] ============================ /fhgLlts
bnsf] b]xfosf] ljj/0f x]/km]/ ePsf]n] ;f] adf]lhd bnsf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L lbg' x'g
cg'/f]w ub{5' .
!= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL ljj/0f,–
-s_ bnsf] k'/f gfd M–
-v_ bnsf] ;+lIfKt gfd M–
-u_ bn u7g ePsf] ldlt M–
-3_ bn btf{ ePsf] ldlt / bn btf{ gDa/ M–
-ª_ bnsf] ljj/0f x]/k]m/ ug]{ u/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] ldlt M–
-r_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf M–
@= x]/km]/ ePsf] ljj/0f
qm=;+= ;fljssf] ljj/0f x]/km]/ ePsf] ljj/0f
#= lgDg lnlvt ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? ;+nUg 5g\ M–
-s_ bnsf] ljwfg tyf lgodfjnL,
-v_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] ljj/0f x]/km]/ ug]{ u/L u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk .
dfly n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f 7Ls 5, km/s 7x/] sfg"g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf a'emfpFnf .
bnsf] 5fk k|d'v kbflwsf/L÷clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf],–
;xL M–
gfd, y/ M–
kb M–
ldlt M–