Post on 29-Nov-2014
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RRA AND PRATOOLS-:MATRIX RANKING,TIMELINE & WEALTH RANKING
Dr. Bhoopendra Mishra
Jyoti Jha
Neha Thakur
Ram Naresh Meena
Shasya Agrawal
PRESENTED BY:-
DEFINING PRA This technique of data collection aims
to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes.
PRA
Appraisal – The finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. It is the first stage in any project.
Participatory – Means that people are involved in the process – a “bottom-up” approach that requires good communication skills and attitude of project staff.
Rural – The techniques can be used in any situation, urban or rural, with both literate and illiterate people.
OBJECTIVES OF PRA
Stimulate the community to identify the causes of its problems and collective aspirations;
Facilitate communication with the community; Help the community to identify resources, experiences,
and potential improvement; Identify interests and conflicts; and Motivate communities to develop self reliance in project
development and management
CORE CONCEPTS OF PRA
Empowerment Respect Localization Enjoyment Inclusiveness
METHODS USED IN PRA
Secondary data reviews Observation Semi-structured interviews Analytical games Stories and portrays Diagrams Workshop
GOOD FEATURES OF PRA
“Learning-as-you-go” Principle Innovative Interactive Informal In the community
SOME TYPICAL DANGERS AND LIMITATIONS OF PRA
Difficulty in getting exact informationDifficulty in finding the right questions to askNot enough time to spend in the villageDanger of ‘rural development tourism’Difficulty in finding the right interdisciplinary teamLack of experience of team members, particularly lack
of skills in the field of communication, facilitation, and conflict negotiation
Team members do not show the right attitude, fail to listen, and lack respect
RRA VS PRA
Category RRA PRA
Major Development Late 1970s, 1980s Late 1980s, 1990s,
Major innovation in Universities NGOs
Main uses Aid agencies, Universities
NGOs, Government field organizations
Key Resources overlooked after
Local people’s knowledge
Local people’s capabilities
Main innovation Methods Behaviors
Outsiders’ Role Obtaining Facilitating
Objectives Data Collection Empowerment
Main actors Outsiders Local people
Long-term outcomes Plans, projects, publications
Sustainable local action and institutions
MATRIX RANKING AND MATRIX SCORING
Technique to findout the advantages and disadvantages against a product or service
Use to Compare services or products available
PROCEDURE Selection of an issue to investigate with a family or group of
farmers. For example, different varieties of rice, different methods of compost making, or different seed .storage vessels;
A serial number should be given to each product or service A symbol for eachshould be made
Talking about the advantages and disadvantages of each item
Turning them into criteria and list them in a column on the paper
Farmers asked to rank in order of performance against each criteria)
When complete, matrix ranking will show why one item is more used locally than others, even though others might be better.
Matrix scoring is a variation of matrix ranking. Instead of ranking each item against each criteria, score them out of 10.
MATRIX RANKING OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RICE
Tillering Yield Crop Duration
ROI
Shatabdi 9 8 8 9
Lal Swarna
7 6 7 5
Jalprabha 6 7 8
7
Ranking is done on a scale of 1 to 10
TIMELINE
The facilitators meet small groups of villagers and discuss with them the most important events in the community’s past and prepare with the information a historical timeline which serves as the base for further work.
TIME LINE OF NIAM
1975
•FAO expert consultation in Kuala Lampur
1988
•Was established
2001
•PGDABM started
WEALTH RANKING:
This is a particularly useful method of (1) discovering how the community members define poverty, (2) to find who the really poor people are, and (3) to stratify samples of wealth. This is best done once you have built up some rapport with the community members.
EXAMPLE:
Category Criteria No. of households
Rich >10 acres land
18
Medium 2-5 acres land
63
Poor <2 acres land
69
THANK YOU