Presentation of Microbiology

By

SHAH RUKH KHAN2k14-EN-35

TopicFormation Structure and

Internal Functions of Microbial mats And Biofilms

Diff. b/w M.mats & BiofilmsBoth are defined as surface associated layers of microbial cells associated with

extracellular polymeric substance.Biofilms cover solid surfaces while mats

cover sendiments

Microbial Mats

Multilayer sheet of prokaryotes that include mostly Bacteria but also Archae

HistoryMicrobial mats are the earliest form of life on earth for which there is good fossil fuel

evidence , from 3500million years ago.And have been the most imp members and

maintainers of planet Earth

Why Microbial mats are formed ?

Bacteria Cant exist in harsh env So,They form microbial mats to existAs a community.e.g Surface Planktonic interface ofHotsprings,DeepSea Vents,HyprsalineLakes

StructureThese microbial mats are not just cyanobacteria, though. There are lots of other organisms that live in and on them.

Internal Functions These microbial sediment ecosystems are considered as a model ecosystem for first complex microbial communities on early earth and recent complex (marine) ecosystems.

These mats produce significant amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC).The high flux of DOC out of the mats may explain why particularly in this system bacteria Chloroflexus cover the mat. The role of cyanobacteria is photoheterotrophic supporting the activity of aerobic heterotrophs by providing oxygen and organics.

Biofilms

A biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS).

Formation of BiofilmsIt starts when a free floating microorganism attach to a surface once colonization has begun the biofilms grow through cell Division and recruitment.The final stage of biofilm formation is known as Dispersion

Five stages of biofilm development: (1) Initial attachment, (2) Irreversible

attachment,(3) Maturation I,(4) Maturation II, and(5) Dispersion.

CompositionBiofilms contain manyDiff kinds of mic org.e.g. Bacteria ArchaeaProtozoaFungiAlgae

Importance in Environmental Engineering

1.Biofilms in Wastewater Treatment SystemsBiofilms occur frequently inside various engineered systems for wastewater treatment. These include traditional trickling filter systems, modified lagoons, and specialized supplementary systems for nutrient removal or treatment of specialized wastes.

2.Applications in BioremediationBioremediation uses microorganisms to remove, detoxify, or immobilize pollutants, and does not require addition of harmful chemicals

Its over……

Thankew so much….