Post on 01-Apr-2015
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Formulating Essential Oil Nasal Gels and Lip BalmsFormulating Essential Oil Nasal Gels and Lip Balms
By Lisa M. Browder, RA, ICA, CRComplementary Therapies Manager
Bonnie Schreck Memorial Complementary Therapies ProgramNathan Adelson Hospice
4141 Swenson St.Las Vegas, NV 89119
(702) 733-0320lbrowder@nah.org
Fixed Oils
Grape Seed Oil
Sweet Almond Oil
Jojoba
Rosehip Seed Oil
Smooth texture without being oily.
Long shelf life. Anti-inflammatory.
Doesn’t absorb quickly. Skin softener.
Good for tissue regeneration. Too heavy for massage.
Shea Butter OilTamanu Oil
Aloe Vera
Coconut Oil
Evening Primrose Oil
Contains GLA – important to every organ.
Stable. Stores easily. Tastes good.
Not suitable for massage. Strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory. Sciatica, rheumatism, shingles.
Binds moisture into the skin.
Forms breathable, water-resistant film.
General characteristics of molecules
Specific chemical constituentsthat fit into functional groups
TerpenesTerpenes
SesquiterpenesMonoterpenes
Terpenes can be skin irritants, but not often
Mucolytic (drying effect)Antiviral (Herpes virus)Spasmolytic (good for muscle pain)Possible anti-tumor agents
Names end in –eneTop notes in perfumery. You smell them first but they burn off fast
Lemon
Terpene ConstituentsTerpene Constituents
Limonene – stimulates circulation
Lemon 55-80%Rosemary 15-34%
Pinene – excellent air disinfectants
Pine 22-43%Juniper 26-70%
Pine
EstersEsters
Names end in –lyl + acetateEasily metabolized“User friendly”
Watch for methyl salicylate content
AntifungalAnti-inflammatoryAntispasmodicCalming to the Central Nervous SystemSedativeAnalgesicThought to re-equilibrate the sympathetic nervous system and the endocrine system
Wintergreen
Ester ConstituentsEster Constituents
Linalyl acetate
Methyl salicylate
Clary Sage 50%Lavender 40%Bergamot 25%
Wintergreen 98%
(4ml in children results in respiratory failure and death – Tisserand and Balacs 1995)
AldehydesAldehydes
Names end in –al or have “aldehyde” in the nameMost citrus oils fit hereUsually powerful aromas
Mucus membrane irritantsUnstable and oxidize easily, leading to dermal irritation and/or sensitization
Calming to Central Nervous SystemAnti-infectious (management of opportunistic infections in the last
stages of AIDS)AntiviralAnti-inflammatoryHypotensorsVasodilatorsAir antiseptics
Euca
lyptu
s citr
iodo
ra
Aldehyde ConstituentsAldehyde Constituents
Geranial Citronellal
Citral
Melissa 24%Lemongrass 58%May Chang 41%
Eucalyptus citriodora 90%May Chang 6%Citronella 14%
Mucus membrane irritantBe careful of use with patients who have glaucoma as it causes extra pressureHowever – antiviral, insecticidal/larvacidal/repellent effects
Cinnamaldehyde
Lemongrass
Cinnamon Bark
Mucus membrane and dermal irritant
Cinnamon Bark harvest
AlcoholsAlcohols
Names end in –olMiddle notes in perfumery – scent stays the longestConsidered the most beneficial & safest of all
Caution: Although safest, anything used in excess can have consequences
VasoconstrictiveAnalgesic – cooling to application siteSedativeAntispasmodicStrong antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral
Peppermint
Alcohol ConstituentsAlcohol Constituents
Geraniol
Menthol
Linalol
Terpinen-4-ol
Palmarosa 75%Geranium 20%
Peppermint 45%
Lavender 37%Rosewood 90%
Tea Tree 40%Marjoram 25%
Tea Tree
Geranium
PhenolsPhenolsNames end in –ol but there are only 4 common onesThey don’t evaporate easilyStrong smelling
Most irritant of constituents to skin & mucus membranesContact dermatitis and sensitization dermatitisPossible liver damage
Most stimulating to peripheral blood circulation so good for cold hands & feetAnti-infectious – can kill Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosaGood for acute infectionsTreats Candida albicans (Thrush)
Thyme
Phenol ConstituentsPhenol Constituents
Thymol
Carvacrol
Chavicol
Eugenol
Oregano 85%Thyme 27%
Oregano 4%
Bay 56%
Cinnamon Leaf 87%Clove 76%
- Can deplete the liver of glutahione, a detoxifying molecule, in the same way as paracetamol
What do you see in common with these essential oils?What do you see in common with these essential oils?
Cinnamon
KetonesKetones
Names end in –one except for one: camphorMany also contain oxides
Resistant to metabolism by the liverLong half-life so be careful with long-term useNeurotoxic effects from a select few
Reduce secretionsWound healing properties – wounds, scars, burns and surgical wounds, preventing cheloid formation and over-production of scar tissueAntiviral – papilloma, herpes zosterAnti-haematomal (specifically the italidone in Helichrysum)
Ketone ConstituentsKetone Constituents
Neurotoxic constituents:Thujone
Mugwort, WormwoodPulegone
PennyroyalCamphor
Dalmatian Sage, YarrowRosemary ct camphor
Italidone Menthone
Camphor Carvone
Helichrysum 8%
Spearmint 48%
Peppermint 30%
Rosemary 15-30%Spike Lavender 15%
Helichrysum/Everlasting/Immortelle
OxidesOxides
Names end in –olePossibly strongest odorants
Respiratory irritation (mucus membranes)Care should be taken with asthmatics
Expectorant effect by stimulating mucus glands and cilia of the respiratory tract
Eucalyptus globulus
Oxide ConstituentOxide Constituent
1,8 cineole (Eucalyptol)
Eucalyptus globulus 70%Spike Lavender 15%Rosemary 15%Cardamom 30%Sage 15%Niaouli 41%
Cardamom
Lip Balms & Nasal Gels
Rollerball containerCoconut OilMango ButterLavenderEverlasting1% dilution
¼ oz containerAloe vera gelLavenderEverlasting1% dilution
Aloe vera
Nasal inhalerPerfume rollerball
What Else Could You Treat?
Lip Balm Nasal Gel
* Digestive Tract Nausea Gas Constipation* Muscular aches & pains* Oral Thrush
* Headaches* Insomnia* Anxiety* Respiratory* Depression
ResourcesResourcesSKS Bottle -containersBirch Hill Happenings - inhalersMountain Rose Herbs – fixed oils and buttersEssential Oil Companies:
Nature’s GiftFlorihanaOriginal Swiss AromaticsWyndmere Naturals
Books:Aromadermatology – by Janetta Bensouilah and Philippa Buck
The Complete Guide to Aromatherapy – by Salvatore Battaglia
Aromatherapy for Health Professionals – by Shirley Price and Len Price
The Healing Intelligence of Essential Oils - by Kurt Schnaubelt, Ph.D.
Aromatherapy vs MRSA - by Maggie Tisserand
Liquid Sunshine - by Jan Kusmirek
The Chemistry of Aromatherapeutic Oils – E. Joy Bowles
Aromatherapy for the Healthy Child - by Valerie Ann Worwood
Organizations:Nathan Adelson Hospice
“Bonnie’s Comfort”Visitor Program
National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy (NAHA)