Post on 01-May-2018
transcript
Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, Arizona
Fort Hunter Liggett Microgrid
[Track Title] [Session Title]
Greg Vallery PE, CEMUSAG FHL, Director Public Worksgregory.l.vallery.civ@mail.mil9-15 August 2015
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade2
Introduction on FHL and lessons learned from USAG Vicenza Italy• Caserma Ederle and Del Din Microgrid with Central Energy Plant and Distributed Renewable
Generation• Technical Issues:
– Communication; isolated network– Network Certification; DIACAP now RMF– Central Power Production vs Distributed – Reference Signal – Precise Phase Matching– Harmonics induced from VFDs– Reacting Faster than the external Grid
• Saving Money:– Micro-Grid if implemented correctly can reduce future distributed energy production and storage
systems– Distributed systems can reduce equipment, increasing reliability and reducing maintenance costs– DER-CAM Logic can reduce energy requirements and costs
• FHL Currently has a Centralized 3MW PV and 1.25MWhrs Battery• Net-Zero; will require 8MW PV producing 12,000MWhrs/yr• Energy Security; will require 15MWhrs of Battery for continuos operation
Fort Hunter Liggett
Fort Bliss, Texas (Includes White Sands) 1,038,000Fort Irwin, California 529,000Yakima Training Center, Washington 338,000Fort Carson, Colorado 311,000Fort Stewart, Georgia 205,000
Total Acreage
Fort Polk, Louisiana 202,000Fort Hunter Liggett, California 160,000 +Fort Hood, Texas 132,000 Fort Bragg, North Carolina 118,000
Fort Benning, Georgia 111,000
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Existing Conditions
Transformers: 117Total power: 21.4 MVAPV System: 3 MWpBattery Capacity: 1.2 MWhrs
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Master Plan
Transformers: 60Total power: 16.7 MVAPV System: 8 MWpBattery Capacity: 16 MWhrs
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Microgrid improvementsTransformers: 50% reductionTotal power: - 4.7 MVAPV System: + 6.6 MWpBattery Capacity: + 11.4 MWhrs
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Global Model for Microgrids
19© Berkeley Laboratory, no duplication or use without the knowledge of Berkeley Lab, USA, Michael Stadler
Microgrid Architecture and Decision Making with DER-CAM
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade20
Distributed Energy Resources Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM)• is a deterministic and stochastic Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP), written in
the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS®)• started as a building CHP optimization tool 13 years ago• supported by the U.S. DOE, OE, DoD, CEC, private industry• two main objective functions:
• cost minimization
• CO2 minimization
• other objectives are possible, as well as multi-objectivesubject to microgrid/building constraints and energy balance
• produces optimal investment and dispatch results for biogas/diesel/natural gas CHP, fuel cells, ICE, micro-turbines, gas-turbines; PV, solar thermal, hot and cold water storage, batteries, heat pumps, absorption chiller, EV, passive measures (insulation, window changes, etc..)
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade21
DER-CAM
Building end-use load data
Electricity & gas tariff data
DER technology data
Site weather data
Optimal DER capacities
Optimal DER operations schedule
Minimize total cost
Minimize CO2 emissions
Inputs: Outputs:
Objectives:
● Investment & Planning: determines optimal equipment combination and operation based on historic load data, weather, and tariffs
● Operations: determines optimal week-ahead scheduling for installed equipment and forecasted loads, weather and tariffs
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New features: Microgrid capabilities, designed for resiliency
• Voluntary & forced islanding• grid availability from reliability model: MTTF / MTTR • reliability measured by un-served energy • variable outage length (from a few minutes to several days or weeks)• voluntary islanding determined by microgrid economics
• Load Prioritization / Critical loads• user defined load priorities (up to 3 priority levels)• max. acceptable shedding amount and duration per load priority • economic trade-off for each priority level determines load shedding vs. backup
DER • direct load control modelling
• Optimize offline dispatch (islanded) • energy management strategies (load shifting / shedding)• energy storage• resource availability – for extended times after outages, e.g. 7+ days
• Plan backup generation• trade-off: additional capacity vs. backup-only• offline fuel needs
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade23
Objective: Use DER-CAM to perform a quick assessment on optimal DER at FHL to enable microgrid capabilities. Focus on resilience against natural disasters.
• Blackout cases: none, 3 h, 24 h, 7 days
• Standard DER-CAM assessment (no blackouts):Existing DERExisting DER + additional PV and storageExisting DER + additional DER (full DER-CAM technology range)
• DER-CAM assessment considering blackouts:Existing DERExisting DER + additional PV and storageExisting DER + Diesel backup generatorsExisting DER + additional PV, batteries and diesel backup generatorsExisting DER + additional DER (full DER-CAM technology range)
Load prioritizations: 10% Critical loads; 20% Low Priority; 70% Medium priority
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
(Costs in million USD)Existing PV and
StorageExisting PV, Storage +
Diesel BackupAdditional PV and
StorageAdditional PV, Storage
and Diesel Backup All DER
TOTAL COSTS 5.363 3.068 3.655 2.976 2.702Electricity Costs 2.216 2.216 0.785 1.661 1.145
Fuel Costs 0.320 0.326 0.320 0.324 0.477Annualized Capital Costs 0.491 0.510 2.475 0.971 0.976
O&M Costs 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.036CDF Costs 2.330 0.009 0.059 0.010 0.000
Annual CO2, ton 4955 4973 2132 4119 4444
Installed CapacityPhotovoltaic, kW 2000 2000 4936 3106 2077
Electric Storage, kWh 1000 1000 20709 4374 1250Diesel Backup, kW - 1400 - 1000 -
ICE, kW - - - - 2000ICE HX, kW - - - - 500
Absorption Chiller, kW - - - - 2807Solar Thermal, kW - - - - 801
Fort Hunter Liggett – DER-CAM assessment - 24h blackoutKey Results*)
• Results show that additional PV and storage, in addition to backup generation, will allow FHL to survive 24h outages without any major service disruption at low costs – diesel consumption roughly 1250 gallons for 24h
• When considering all DER options, the optimal investment solution allows enough flexibility to maintain operation during 24h outages and lowest costs
*) Sales are not part of this analysis 24
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Fort Hunter Liggett – Technology Portfolio
• goal: use Operations DER-CAM based supervisory microgrid controller to optimize operation schedules and limit grid export
• current technologies: 3MW of PV, 1.25MWh battery, and 4MW backup diesel,
• 2015/2016: 5MW of PV, 4+MWh battery, and 400kW waste to generation
4 MWSeveral Backup
Diesel in 30-500 kW range
Utility Grid
Point of Common Coupling Breaker
400 kWWaste to Generation
BuildingLoads
2 MWSolar Panel
1 MWSolar Panel
1.25 MWhBattery
??? MWSolar Panel
3 MWhBattery
SupervisoryController
SCADA
D DER/Load Interface
Electrical Link
Cyber Link
D D D D D D D D
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DER-CAMplanning module
utility export limit module
SCADA data exchange module
SCADAinternet
battery, purchase, and load drop schedules
weather forecast
actual load, PV generation and SOC
deliver set-points and also dynamic lookup
table
system statusinstructions
Dispatch Planner at FHL
15min cycle
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schematic of physical and cyber interactions between utility, microgrid site, local
resources, microgrid controller, and optimization
problem
Utility and Microgrid Interactions
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade30
Layered Architecture for Utility-Interactive Microgrid
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade31
• Meet Net-Zero Energy through on-going Energy Savings Projects and Installing Distributed Renewable Energy Production from PV
• Finalize MV Distribution Ring• Implement Islandable Microgrid
– DERCAM Control– Motorized MV Switchgear– Individual Islandable Sub-Microgrids
• Meet Energy Security with Battery for continuous operation• Future Bi-Directional Vehicle Charging • Questions....
Fort Hunter Liggett Microgrid