Gas Waste Utilization

Outline1. Overview Gas Waste Treatments2.Elemental Sulfur Recovery3. Liquid CO2 from Bioethanol Plant

1. Overview of Gas Waste Treatments

-may reduce quality

- Increase cost

Waste gas

treatments

Waste Gas Treatments

Source control:

a.Raw product substitution

b.Reductionc. Recycle

Secondary control:

Treatment after it has

been produced

Choice of tech dictated by:

-Economic-Ecological const.

Types of waste gas treatments

a. Condensationb. Incinerationc. Adsorptiond. Absorptione. Membrane systemsf. Biological Treatments

2. Elemental Sulfur Recoveryfrom Biogas Purification

3. Liquid CO2 from Bioethanol Plant

Ethanol Plant

►America Case Study►In 2005, 97 ethanol plants in 21 states

produced a record 3.904 billion gallons of ethanol

►A bushel of corn weighs 56 pounds and will produce at least

-> 2.8 gallons of ethanol -> 17 pounds of distillers grain -> 18 Pounds of CO2

Co-Products.

a. Distillers grain, used wet or dry, is a highly nutritious livestock feed.

b. Carbon dioxide is given off in great quantities during fermentation and many ethanol plants collect, compress, and sell it for use in other industries.

►Utilization

►Carbon dioxide is used to carbonate beverages, to manufacture dry ice, and to flash freeze meat. CO2 is also used by paper mills and other food processors.

►Utilization

►A project is underway in Kansas to use carbon dioxide to recover oil from marginal oil fields. Using this miscible CO2 flooding, carbon dioxide from a nearby ethanol plant is injected into oil-producing rocks about 3,000 feet underground. The carbon dioxide mixed with oil that has collected in hard-to-reach spots in the rock, forcing it into nearby production wells.

Thank You

Quiz

1. Jelaskan langkah pengolahan limbah cair secara umum!

2. Jelaskan 4 macam kolam secondary treetment limbah cair!

3. Jelaskan perbedaan biofilter, biosrubber dan biotrickling !