Post on 12-Feb-2017
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GERONTOLOGY
WHAT IS GERONTOLOGY?
Gerontology is a Greek word which is a scientific study of old age, the process of ageing and particular problems of old people.
BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF AGINGProgrammed Aging theory- genetics and heredity responsible for how an individual ages
Cross-Linkage Theory- deterioration of organs/cells causing decreased mobility
Somatic Mutation Theory- DNA changes result in physical decline
Stress Theory- causes structural & chemical changes thru the lifespan
PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORIES OF AGING
Disengagement Theory- withdrawn, introspective, self-focused – this is older theory not widely accepted.
Continuity theory- characteristics, values remain constant through life… repeat behaviors that brought success in the past
Activity Theory- satisfaction depends on involvement in new interests /activities or maintenance of high levels of functioning.
COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS
Heart disease, cancer, strokePoly-PharmacyAccidents, fallsArthritisChronic illnessElder Abuse
COGNITIVE CHANGESAbility to perceive and understand one’s worldMild short term memory lossLong term memory remains intactSlower responses and reactions
GENERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
All systems decline in overall functioningDecreased physiological reservesModified pace & more frequent rest periods
INTEGUMENTARY CHANGES
Decreased skin elasticity-wrinklingIncreased drynessThickened nailsThinning of hair (baldness)Decreased SQ fat
MUSCULOSKELETAL CHANGES
Stiff joints & less flexibilityMobility slows & posture stoopsMuscle mass, tone & strength decreaseBone demineralization
NEUROLOGICAL CHANGES
CNS responds slowerRate of reflex response decreasesSense of balance declinesNight sleep shortensTemp. regulation & pain perception less efficient
SPECIAL SENSES CHANGESDiminished visionNight blindnessDiminished hearingDecreased taste & smell
DENTITION CHANGES
Tooth decay continues
Missing teeth or ill fitting dentures effect eating habits
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Notable changes due to agingGraying of hairWrinkling of skinReduced skin turgorDry scaly skinThinning epidermisThicker nailsAge spots
ADJUSTING TO CHANGES OF AGING
Rest moreCurtail drivingCane/walker for mobilityDiet/nutritional changesAgeism
HAVE TO FOLLOW:
NutritionExerciseImmunizationsAnnual PhysicalsMedications