Warm up:

1. _____________ focuses on the most basic elements of human experience.

2. ____________focuses on goals of behavior in both humans and animals.

3. ____________looking at the WHOLE, rather than each separate piece.

HAPPY WEDNESDAY!

PSYCHOANALYTIC

Sigmund Freud“Our conscious experiences are only the tip of the

iceberg, that beneath the surface are primitive biological urges that are in confl ict with the requirements of society and morality.”

Let’s think.. How would this create conflict?

Psychoanalyst: studies unconscious motives/confl icts that determine how individuals think, act, and feel.

Methods- Free association, Dream analysis, Case study

FREE ASSOCIATION

Write down the first thought that comes to mind as I read from a list of words.

FREE ASSOCIATION

What can you determine about the person whose list you are reviewing?

Are their thoughts similar to yours?

What diffi culties are presented through this method for analyzing personalities?

BEHAVIORAL

Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, B.F. Skinner

Study of observable behavior, and responses to events in individuals environment

Focus on conditioning, stimulus, reinforcement

HUMANISTIC

Response to behavioral psychology

Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Human nature is evolving and self-directed

Humans are NOT controlled by their environments/events

Believe each individual has potential to develop fully (personal growth) SELF-ACTUALIZATION

COGNITIVE

Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky

Study how we process, store, retrieve, and use information

Also how this information influences our thinking/language/problem solving

Focus on perceptions, memories, expectations

BIOLOGICAL

Focuses on the impact of biology on behavior

Psychobiologists: study how brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence our behavior

“Behavior is the result of our physiological makeup”

NATURE VS. NURTURE- NATURE!!!!!!

SOCIOCULTURAL

Our knowledge and ways of thinking/feeling/behaving depend on the culture you are a member of

Cultural Perspectives plays a huge role!Gender, Socioeconomic status may also play

a role in how you think/feel/behave

QUICK RUN THROUGH... AGAIN!

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-is-psychology.html#lesson

LET’S SEE…

Consider the following scenarios:

SCENARIO 1: You are attempting to fi gure out a way to teach your dog, Muffi n, how to turn off the lights. Each time Muffi n turns off the lights, you give her a treat.

-What type of approach would this be using?

SCENARIO 2: You are studying the genetics of your family to fi gure out what makes your mom and sister react the way they do to certain situations.

-What type of approach would this be using?

SCENARIO 3: You are examining diff erent culture values and beliefs to discover what makes French citizens behave diff erently than American citizens.

-What type of approach would this be using?

QUICK WRITE- ROUND ROBIN

1 sheet of paper

Each person is to write one similarity/difference they can draw from the different approaches to psychology.

PINK: Darian, Max, Destany, TristonPURPLE: DeMari, Robin, Mariah P., ZachORANGE: Kaylee, Emma, James, AdamLIGHT BLUE: Shamar, Maylin, Bailey,

BillyGREEN: Johnna, Iyanna, Hannah,

ChristenBLUE: Kahlil, Christopher, TerrainHEARTS: Lilia, Gavriella, Mariah, Holly

PLEASE FIND YOUR GROUP!

Warm up:

Which approach comes to mind for each of the following…

1. Unconscious mind, primitive urges vs. morality2. Self-actualization3. Brain, nervous system4. Socioeconomic, culture5. Observable behaviors,

reinforcement/punishment6. Memory, thought process

HAPPY THURSDAY!

WHO USES THIS?!

Page 24-28Divide your paper into 8 sections

At the top of each section, label the following…“Psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, counseling psychologist, developmental psychologist, educational psychologist, community psychologist, industrial psychologist, experimental psychologist”

In each section you are to draw an image illustrating the type of psychologist and what their focus is- BE CREATIVE!

GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY

Why study animals and humans?

GOAL #1 - DESCRIBE

Gather information about a behavior being studied

Present what is known

What is a behavior?

GOAL #2- EXPLANATION

Beyond just stating facts

WHY

Psychological principles- valid ideas about behavior

Proposed as a hypothesis

Complex explanations : THEORIES

GOAL #3- PREDICTION

AFTER knowledge has been accumulated

What is my dog going to do next?How will Lanae feel when her mom yells

at her?

Study past behaviors

GOAL #4- INFLUENCE

Basic science- research

How can what we already know help others?

Applied science- solve problems

HOW DO WE KNOW THIS IS ACCURATE?

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Facts are based on data through RESEARCH

1- Ask specific question2- Select your SAMPLE

REPRESENTATIVE VS. NONREPRESENTATIVE

RESEARCH

Avoid nonrepresentative: using random or stratified sample (each subgroup is represented)

How far can an average 50 year old man run?

Representative- includes a wide variety of 50 year old men

Nonrepresentative- includes a variety of 50 year old men, 95% who are marathon runners

METHODS

Naturalistic Observation- observes the individual/animal in their natural setting (unaware)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3np1TeltSU

What is a PRO about this method?

METHODS

Case Study- intensive study on one or more individuals

These can NOT be generalized!!!

METHODS

Surveys- many individuals asked a set of questions

METHODS

Longitudinal Study- Same group of individuals studied at set intervals for a

long range of time.

Focus on change in characteristics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM-yKeJg-So

METHODS

Cross-Sectional Studies- data is collected from groups of different ages then compared

What might this type of study help psychologists figure out?

EXPERIMENTS

How would this differ from the previous research methods?

EXPERIMENTS

CONTROL the situationVariable-factor which is capable of

change

INDEPENDENT VS. DEPENDENTThe experimenter can change or alter

Experimental group is exposed to this variable

Changes in relation to the independent variable (if there is an affect)

PSYCHOLOGISTS!