Post on 30-Apr-2020
transcript
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
The diachronic/stylistic variation in Chinesemetonymies for WOMAN
An onomasiological study
Weiwei Zhang, Dirk Speelman, Dirk Geeraerts
KULeuvenQuantitative Lexicology and Variational Linguistics
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Theoretical background
Semasiology vs. onomasiology
• word-meaning (semasiology): role of metonymy in semanticchange
• qing-yi (green clothes): "green clothes","musician","servantgirl"
• meaning-word (onomasiology): choice of metonymic source fortarget
• "servant girl": qing-yi (green clothes), ya-huan (knots of hairon top of head), hou-ting (back palace)
(cf.Geeraerts 1997)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Theoretical background
Semasiology vs. onomasiology
• word-meaning (semasiology): role of metonymy in semanticchange
• qing-yi (green clothes): "green clothes","musician","servantgirl"
• meaning-word (onomasiology): choice of metonymic source forthe target
• "servant girl": qing-yi (green clothes), ya-huan (knots of hairon top of head), hou-ting (back palace)
(cf.Geeraerts 1997)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Theoretical background
Conceptualization of WOMAN
(e.g. Takada et al.2000; Kleparski 1997, 2000, 2004; Kövecses 2006; Grygiel2007)
Main focus• possible metaphoric/metonymic sources• dictionary-based
Ignored• corpus-based (distribution in real language)• lectal factors (diachronic and stylistic variation)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Research question
An onomasiological perspective on metonymy
• Do we find any preference for choosing one category ratherthan another for designating WOMAN by metonymies inChinese?
• If yes, do the preferences change across time and genre?
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Research question
An onomasiological perspective on metonymy for WOMAN
WOMAN
source1
sub_s1
exp1 exp2
sub_s2
exp3 exp4
source2
sub_s3
exp5 exp6
sub_s4
exp7 exp8
...
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Research question
An onomasiological perspective on metonymy for WOMAN
WOMAN
location
palace
hou-gong hou-ting
room
zheng-shi pian-fang
dress
skirt
hong-qun
garment
qing-yi
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymic candidate list
• Metonymy dictionaries• Dictionary of Chinese Lexical Metonymy (Han 1995)• Dictionary of Chinese Substitutive Words (Zhang 1993)
• 278 metonymic lexical items for WOMAN
Confronting with corpus
• Corpus of Historical Chinese (Peking University)• 17 million Chinese characters (classical Chinese texts)• 14 chronological dynasties and 14 genres
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Chronological information from the corpus
W Zh E ZhWest East
Si D i
1046BC
West Zhou East Zhou
770BC 221BC
QinWest Han
202BC
East Han
9AD
Six Dynasties
266AD 581AD
1949AD
Sui Tang
618AD
Five Dyn.
907AD 979AD
Song
1279AD
Yuan
1368AD
Ming
1644AD
Qing
1912AD
RC
581AD
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Chronological information from the corpus
1046BC
01PrQHS
770BC 221BC 202BC 9AD 266AD 581AD
1949AD
02Tang
618AD 907AD 979AD
03Song
1279AD
04Yuan
1368AD
05Ming
1644AD
06Qing
1912AD
07RC
581AD
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Stylistic information from the corpus
1. Peotry2. Song3. Drama4. Novel5. Script for story-tellings6. Prose7. Historical works
8. Analects9. Buddhist scriptures
10. Taoist scriptures11. Dictionaries/Annotations12. Letters13. Readings for primary school14. Classics from the Hundred Schools
of Thought
⇒ poem, fic, hist, non_lit
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Stylistic information from the corpus
1. Peotry2. Song3. Drama4. Novel5. Script for story-tellings6. Prose7. Historical works
8. Analects9. Buddhist scriptures
10. Taoist scriptures11. Dictionaries/Annotations12. Letters13. Readings for primary school14. Classics from the Hundred Schools
of Thought
⇒ poem, fic, hist, non_lit
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
1. metonymy for WOMAN or not• e.g. you [qing-yi] xian-nv shu-shi ren.
(There are decades of fairies in [green-clothes].)• e.g. liang-ban [qing-yi] an-shi chou-ye.
(Two groups of [green-clothes] started playing music on time.)• e.g. [qing-yi] dao sheng qu, ru shi, ze Jiu-Niang hua-zhu ning
dai.(The [green-clothes] guided the young scholar to the room;Jiu-Niang was waiting for him in the light of candles.)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
1. metonymy for WOMAN or not• e.g. you [qing-yi] xian-nv shu-shi ren.
(There are decades of fairies in [green-clothes].)• e.g. liang-ban [qing-yi] an-shi chou-ye.
(Two groups of [green-clothes] started playing music on time.)• e.g. [qing-yi] dao sheng qu, ru shi, ze Jiu-Niang hua-zhu
ning dai.(The [green-clothes] guided the young scholar to theroom; Jiu-Niang was waiting for him in the light ofcandles.)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
2. subcategory of target• beautiful woman(btf_w)• dressed woman(drs_w)• female entertainer(fm_ent)• imperial woman(imp_w)• mother/grandma(mthr_g)
• servant girl(srv_g)• wife/concubine(wf_con)• young woman(yg_w)• other woman(other)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
3. source identification• location(loca)• hairstyle(hairst)• everyday object(ev_ob)• dress(dress)
• cosmetics/accessory(cos_acc)• part of body(bodypt)• attribute(attr)• action(act)
chained metonymye.g. luo-qi (silk material)silk material⇒clothes made of silk(dress)⇒WOMAN
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
3. source identification• location(loca)• hairstyle(hairst)• everyday object(ev_ob)• dress(dress)
• cosmetics/accessory(cos_acc)• part of body(bodypt)• attribute(attr)• action(act)
coordinate compoundse.g. qun-chai (skirt-hairpin)skirt(dress) for WOMAN; hairpin (cos_acc) for WOMAN
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Metonymy identification
1. metonymy for WOMAN or not2. subcategory of target3. source identification
⇒ WOMAN metonymy dataset• 256 metonymic items, 18810 metonymic mappings with targetWOMAN
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Methodology
Lectal factors
• chronological: 01PrQHS, 02Tang, 03Song, 04Yuan,05Ming, 06Qing, 07RC
• stylistic: poem, fic, hist, non_lit
Data analysis
• descriptive statistic analysis
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Results
What we are concerned is:
• choice of sources for subtargets across time and genre
visualization: barplots in proportion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
Time
Targ
et
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0btf−wdrs_wfm_entimp_wmthr_gothersrv_gwf_conyg_w
Target*Time in WOMAN metonymy dataset
391 1978 2251 1655 3150 6764 2621
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
42 7 4 195 19 20 9 95 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
42 7 4 195 19 20 9 95 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
42 7 4 195 19 20 9 95 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
809 232 27 337 128 59 117 250 19
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
1012 337 36 308 67 29 195 253 14
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
504 93 39 132 105 60 168 511 43
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
432 64 98 210 42 151 1191 837 125
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
821 50 213 345 303 756 2927 958 391
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
w
drs_
w
fm_e
nt
imp_
w
mth
r_g
othe
r
srv_
g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
630 36 58 538 59 319 405 472 104
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
wife/concubinemother/grandmaservant girl
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
wife/concubine
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
wife/concubine
Time
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrcos_accev_obloca
95 250 253 511 837 958 472
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
wife/concubine
Time
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
actattrcos_accev_obloca
95 250 253 511 837 958 472
07RC: no ev_obji-zhou(dust pan and broom)jin-zhi(towel and comb)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
mother/grandma
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
mother/grandma
Time
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
19 128 67 105 42 303 59
locabei-tang (north hall)zun-tang (honored hall)ling-tang (your hall)
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
Time
Gen
re
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0fichistnon_litpoem
Genre*Time in WOMAN metonymy dataset
391 1978 2251 1655 3150 6764 2621
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0attrbodypt
mother/grandma in 01PrQHS
0 0 10 9
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 02Tang
16 3 19 90
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 03Song
29 12 19 7
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 04Yuan
1 96 7 1
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrloca
mother/grandma in 05Ming
0 37 3 2
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 06Qing
0 256 1 46
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 07RC
0 58 1 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 attrbodypt
mother/grandma in 01PrQHS
0 0 10 9
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 02Tang
16 3 19 90
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 03Song
29 12 19 7
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 04Yuan
1 96 7 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrloca
mother/grandma in 05Ming
0 37 3 2
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 06Qing
0 256 1 46
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 07RC
0 58 1 0
1
1 no loca in hist
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 attrbodypt
mother/grandma in 01PrQHS
0 0 10 9
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 02Tang
16 3 19 90
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 03Song
29 12 19 7
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 04Yuan
1 96 7 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrloca
mother/grandma in 05Ming
0 37 3 2
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 06Qing
0 256 1 46
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 actattrbodyptloca
mother/grandma in 07RC
0 58 1 0
1
1 no loca in hist
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
01PrQHS
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
02Tang
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
03Song
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
04Yuan
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
05Ming
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
06Qing
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
btf−
wdr
s_w
fm_e
ntim
p_w
mth
r_g
othe
rsr
v_g
wf_
con
yg_w
07RC
Target
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0actattrbodyptcro_accdressev_obhairstloca
servant girl
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
servant girl
Time
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
9 117 195 168 1191 2927 405
hairstya-huan, ya-jishuang-huan, xiao-huan
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
01P
rQH
S
02Ta
ng
03S
ong
04Yu
an
05M
ing
06Q
ing
07R
C
servant girl
Time
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
9 117 195 168 1191 2927 405
hairstya-huan, ya-ji
shuang-huan, xiao-huan
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dressloca
servant girl in 01PrQHS
0 4 4 1
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 02Tang
27 53 27 10
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 03Song
21 163 10 1
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 04Yuan
11 150 4 3
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 05Ming
0 1191 0 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 06Qing
0 2882 4 41
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0dresshairstloca
servant girl in 07RC
0 405 0 0
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dressloca
servant girl in 01PrQHS
0 4 4 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 02Tang
27 53 27 10
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 03Song
21 163 10 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 04Yuan
11 150 4 3
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 05Ming
0 1191 0 0
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 06Qing
0 2882 4 41
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 07RC
0 405 0 0
1
4
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dressloca
servant girl in 01PrQHS
0 4 4 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 02Tang
27 53 27 10
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 03Song
21 163 10 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 04Yuan
11 150 4 3
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 05Ming
0 1191 0 0
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 06Qing
0 2882 4 41
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 07RC
0 405 0 0
1
4
dominant hairst only in poem/fic
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dressloca
servant girl in 01PrQHS
0 4 4 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 02Tang
27 53 27 10
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 03Song
21 163 10 1
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 04Yuan
11 150 4 3
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 05Ming
0 1191 0 0
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 06Qing
0 2882 4 41
poem fic hi
st
non_
lit
Genre
Sou
rce
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0 dresshairstloca
servant girl in 07RC
0 405 0 0
1
4
dominant loca/dress in hist/non_lit
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Overview
1. Theoretical background
2. Research question
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Conclusion
Methodological implications for metonymy research
• metonymy in the usage of language, sensitive to diachronicand stylistic variation
• social-cultural traditions indispensable for interpreting thevariation
• examining metonymy from an onomasiological perspective
Overview Theoretical background Research question Methodology Results Conclusion
Thank you!For more information:
weiwei.zhang@arts.kuleuven.be