HIKI

HAW 102

• Hiki sentences express the idea of “can” and “cannot.” Last week, we learned the difference between hamani, hehele and ʻaʻano type words. It is important to remember the differences in each when using this pattern.• Hamani words are words that describe an action,

sense, or emotion towards another thing or person (ie: aloha, inu, lawe, heluhelu, etc.).

• Hehele words are words that describe the creation of a movement, position, or sound within oneself (ie: hiamoe, uē, lele, etc.).

• ‘Aʻano words are stative verbs that describe a condition, trait or state of being of someone or something (ie: melemele, wela, moloā, uʻi, etc.).

HIKI I kaʻi + memeʻa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

*The ka/ke rule does not apply to the “ke” before the verb. The pattern always calls for “ke.”

HIKI USING KA`I + MEME`A & HAMANI/HEHELE TYPE WORDS

NĀ LA`ANAHIKI I kaʻi + memeʻa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

• The baby can crawl. Hiki i ka pēpē ke kolo.

• My mom can drive my car.Hiki i koʻu makuahine ke kalaiwa i koʻu kaʻa.

• The dogs can swim at the beach.Hiki i nā ʻīlio ke ʻauʻau ma kahakai.

HIKI I kaʻi + memeʻa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

HIKI IĀ papani/iʻoa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

NĀ LA`ANA

HIKI IĀ papani/iʻoa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

• Kauʻi can brush her teeth.Hiki iā Kauʻi ke palaki niho.

• Mana can cook breakfast.Hiki iā Mana ke kuke i ka ʻaina kakahiaka.

NĀ LA`ANA

HIKI IĀ papani/iʻoa KE verb (hamani/hehele)

• They (2) can play the guitar.Hiki iā lāua ke hoʻokani i ke kīkā.

• You can sit down now.Hiki iā ʻoe ke noho i kēia manawa.

SPECIAL EXCEPTIONS

• As always, note that the following papani contract with “iā” to form the following: – IĀ + AU = IAʻU

– IĀ + ʻO IA = IĀ IA

 

• The other papani stay the same and DO NOT contract.

NĀ LA`ANA

IĀ + AU = IAʻU

• I can drive the truck.Hiki ia`u ke kalaiwa i ke kalaka.

IĀ + ʻO IA = IĀ IA

• He can sleep on my bed.Hiki iā ia ke hiamoe ma ko`u pela moe.

QUESTION?

• Note that to make the sentence into a question, you should simply add a question mark to the end.

 • Can I go to the movies?

Hiki iaʻu ke hele i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni?• Can we go to McDonald’s?

Hiki iā kākou ke hele i McDonald’s?• Can I leave the table?

Hiki iaʻu ke haʻalele i ke pākaukau?

HŌ`OLE

• To say “cannot,” simply add the word “ ʻAʻole” to the beginning of the sentence.

• I can dance. Hiki iaʻu ke hula.• I cannot dance. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke hula. • Naupaka can eat cake. Hiki iā Naupaka ke ʻai i ka meaʻono.• Naupaka cannot eat cake. ʻAʻole hiki iā Naupaka ke ʻai i ka

meaʻono.

 • Her friend can swim. Hiki i kona hoaaloha ke ʻauʻau.• Her friend cannot swim. ‘Aʻole hiki i kona hoaaloha ke ʻauʻau.

HIKI w/`A`ANO

• Keep in mind that the examples shown above are for hamani/hehele type words. The pattern/concept differs slightly when using ʻaʻano type words. ʻulaʻula (red) maikaʻi (good) anuanu (cold)

  

HIKI KE ʻaʻano who/what (papani/iʻoa/kaʻi + memeʻa

NĀ LA`ANAHIKI KE ʻaʻano who/what (papani/iʻoa/kaʻi + memeʻa

• Papani: Hiki ke hauʻoli ʻoe. You can be happy.

• Iʻoa: Hiki ke hauʻoli ʻo Leimana.

Leimana can be happy.• Kaʻi + Memeʻa: Hiki ke hauʻoli kāna wahine.

His wife can be happy.

NĀ LA`ANA

HIKI KE ʻaʻano who/what (papani/iʻoa/kaʻi + memeʻa

• Papani: Hiki ke hilahila kākou a pau. We can all be embarrassed.

• Iʻoa: Hiki ke hilahila ʻo Pono.

Pono can be embarrassed.• Kaʻi + Memeʻa: Hiki ke hilahila ke keiki kolohe.

The rascal child can be embarrassed.