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Future Office- Trends and Visions for the Office of Tomorrow -

Isabella R. JesemannFraunhofer IAO, Stuttgart

1. Changing World

Technological Development and Periods of Growth

1850 1900 1950 2000

Steam Engine

Petrochemistry

Electrical Engineering

Micro Electronics

Information andCommunicationTechnologies

Heavy Industry

Computer Industry

„TIME“ Industries*

Industrial Society

ServiceSociety

InformationSociety

KnowledgeSociety

*Telecommunication, Information TechnologyMediaEntertainment

2. Global Trends

Source: Rock, Witt et al., 2000

Percentage of employees doingproduction and assembly work

Percentage of employees doingservice work

Of those: percentage of employeesproviding knowledge-intensiveservices*

1970 2000

40 % 22 %

52 % 75 %

29 % 55 %

*Services that involve processing and transferring information.

Global Trend: Knowledge-Intensive Services

Wireless Communication TechnologiesGSM, UMTS, W-LAN, Bluetooth,Cordless Telefony

Global Trend: Information & Communication Technologies

Digitalisingsimple and intuitive manuscriptrecognition and voice memory and processing

Display TechnologiesPolymer materials allow for flexible, paper-likesurfaces, »Electronic Paper«

Wearable Computingnew possibilities to support work

Wireless Wide Area Network (W-WAN) via GSM, HSCSD, GPRS and UMTS (subject to licensing; max. 2 Mbit/s)Wireless Local Area Network (W-LAN) (no licensing necessary; max. 54 Mbit/s, up to 100 m)Wireless Personal Area Networkvia Bluetooth (no licensing; max. 721 kbit/s; up to 10 or 100 m)Voice Communication via CordlessTelephony (DECT and Dual Mode)

Global Trend: Wireless Work Technologies

W-PANBluetoothTM

W-LANIEEE 802.11bHyperlan 2

W-WANGSMUMTS

Global Trend: NextGen Human Computer Interface

Microsoft Tablet PC C TechnologiesMagic Stick

Siemens OLED

Organic Light EmittingDisplay

HitLabRetina Display

the population becomes ever older: in Baden-Württemberg in 2003, for the first time we have got more people over the age of 40 than under 40.

polarisation of society into „poor“ and „rich“

„digital split“ into On-liners and Off-liners

differences between paid work and leisure time are increasingly blurred

independence and orientation towards performance increase

continuing increase of flexibility of work

Global Trend: e-Society

“Work where and whenever you want!”

low hierarchiesflexible teamsproject workorientation towardsresultspersonal responsibilitymerging of work and leisure time

structure

mobilemobile

flexibleflexible

decentraliseddecentralised

“Work at a pre-deter-mined place for a set

time in a fix structure!”

“Work at a pre-deter-mined place for a set

time in a fix structure!”chierarchic enterprisesfixed departmentalstructuresorientation towards timecontroldivision between workand leisure time

Globa Trend: Increasing Flexibility of Work

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Time

Comfort single cube officeStandard single cube office

Group o

Combin

office

revers

ible o

Virtual

office

Source: Giesemann et. al.; Dresdner Bank Immobiliengruppe, 1999

Global Trend: Flexible Office

Multi-Scenario OfficeTask-oriented mix of different types of workspaces

Morphing OfficeFlexible adaptation to different work scenariosthrough highly flexible and/orvariable office furniture

A co-existence of several simultaneous, but differing work scenarios will determine thefuture of work. This requires office concepts with high variability and flexibility.

Work style

temporary

stationaryco-operative concentrated

Interaction

Team work in closed groups

Team workin temporarywork teams

Concentratedindividual work

Hot Desking

Homeworking

Creativeteam work

MobileWorking

Global Trend: Multiple Work Scenarios

100%6040200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

presence at work place

60 6070

average 53 %

Ex. Advertising Agency (referring to an 8-hour workday, weekends excluded)

100%6040200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

presence in the office building

6070 65

80average 60 %100%80706050403020100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

average32 %

presence at one’s own office work place

Creative

Key-Account

Audio-videoGraphics

MediaStrategy

Secreterial

External MobilityExternal Mobility

Internal MobilityInternal Mobility

Global Trend: Mobility of Work

Isolation

il ity

low high

Global Trend: Tele-Work

mobiletele-work

alternatingtele-work

tele-work insatellite or

neighbourhoodoffices

tele-workat home

3. Motivation

-0,3Typ A:

StationaryTyp B:

changing, in the office

Typ C: mobile & variable

Kelter; Lozano:Office 21® Research»Office Performance«, 2002

Office Performance IndexWork Motivation

1Very lowOffice-Performance

2 43 65 7Very high

Office-PerformanceAverage

I feel verymotivated

I don‘t feel motivatedat all

0 MW = 5,31

- 0,31

+ 0,07

+ 0,35

e+ 0,14

- 0,01 - 0,09

MWiperfges = 4,45

Motivation and Performance of Different Types of Work

5. What‘s to do?

FUTURE

InteractionM

high low

Closed teamspace

club/open

team space

Cabin / cell

bee hive

Interaction

high low

Closed teamspace

club/open

team spacebee hive

cabin / cell

Quantitative Distribution of Office Work Space

We need „new work concepts“ like

Non-territorial Office Concepts

Tele-Work

Mobile-Work)

OFFICE INDEX 2000What importance do „new work concepts“ have to your enterprise?

We have notthought about thispossibility(32,6%)

It is nothing for us (3,6%)

We are experimentingwith them (29,1%)

We work like this forthe most time (10,1%)

We are interested in / thinking about them

(24,6%)

[n=838] Fraunhofer IAO, Stuttgart

Assessment of Future Developments

5. Time for Innovations

Variability and possibilities formodifying the room structure

Offers to change the work environment(„environment of excitement“)

Mix of different basic modules to furnish and equip the office

New distribution of office space

Room height as a new dimension(Lofts etc.)

Transparency and openness

Open Space Office, Vitra, Weil am Rhein

Atrium, SOL, Helsinki

»Space Move«dividing wall system

Flexible Room Structures

Innovations are mostly developedthrough exchange and conversationwith others

Supportive atmosphere for formal and informal communication

Selection of suitable furniture and equipment modules

Fixed points in everyday office life („well-being and motivational factor“)

»Piazza«, Office Innovation Center, Stuttgart

Communication & Quality of Encounters

Sofa corner, SOL, Helsinki

»War Room«, Steelcase USA

Communication & Quality of Encounters (Examples)

FinanzIT, Hannover

Shape and design as a contribution to well-beingand motivation

Contribution to thedevelopment of a corporate culture

Support of emotional factors and multi-sensuous experiences

Support for creativeprocesses of bothindividuals and teams

Creative, Sensuous Atmosphere

»Creativity Landscape«, at the Office Innovation Center, Stuttgart

Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul

Monsanto, Chicago

BMW, München

Creative, Sensuous Atmosphere (Examples)

Interactive electronic walls

Table surfaces as „electronicpaper“

Interactive, mobile flat screensas electronic writing desks

Mobile, connected wirelessinteractional devices forcollaborative creative work

Support by New Technologies

Future Office Dynamics, Research project of Fraunhofer IPSI and ETH Zurich together withWilkhahn

Future Media Lab, Fraunhofer IAO, Stuttgart»Nova Desk«

Fraunhofer IAO,Stuttgart

6. Project OFFICE 21

Aims and Contents of OFFICE 21®

Research and Development– developing scenarios of future work

environments– deducting results and solutions close to practical

work– providing access to research findings for the

partners

Partner Network and Public Relations– exclusive platform for professional and informal

interaction– image development for the project partners as

innovation leaders– presence at important fairs and wide range of

public relations activities in the media

Next Generation Internet

Entwicklung

Founded as a conjoint project across several industrial sectors

Opening of theOffice Innovation Center in Stuttgart

Development of the global scenariosMETROPOLIS, EDEN and ORION

Furtherdevelopementof the GENIUS scenario

ImmoCheckOffice Commander COMETSpace Move

Summary publication in the OFFICE 21® book

Opening of the Interactive CreativityLandscape 2001

»Office Performance«

New book OFFICE 21®

Technology roadmap 2012

Further scenario developementGENIUS II

1996 – 1998 1998 – 2000 2000 – 2002 2002 – 2004 . . . . 1996 – 1998 1998 – 2000 2000 – 2002 2002 – 2004 . . . .

OFFICE 21®-Roadmap

Office Innovation Center

Global scenario of future office worlds Working day in 2012

Global Scenario Genius II

If everything is under control you are just not driving fast enough.

Stirling Moss(Formula 1 Racer * 1929)

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