Post on 28-Jan-2016
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Immunity Unit Day 2
Every path has its puddle.
English proverb
Today’s Agenda
Lymph Notes on obj. 2, 3, 4
Color nodesNotes on objective 5-8Practice
A T cell infected with HIV
Obj. 2 Lymph Transport: Flow of lymphatic fluid
The flow of lymph is slow The flow is maintained by skeletal
contractions, pressure changes in the thoracic and contractions of the lymph vessels.
Valves prevent backflow.Lymphatic capillaries are exceptionally
permeable, admitting proteins and particles from the interstitial space.
Circulation in the Lymph Nodes
Lymph fluid enters node through afferent lymphatic vessels.
Exits lymph node through efferent lymphatic vessels.
There are fewer efferent vessels allowing lymph fluid to stagnate (stay longer) in the lymph node before exiting, allowing time for cleaning this lymph fluid.
Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.
Spleen: Destroys old or defective red blood cells
Stores platelets Acts as a hematopoietic site in the embryo and in sever cases of anemia
Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.
Thymus glandMost functional during youth
Its hormones cause T lymphocytes to become immuno competent.
Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.
Tonsils and Peyer’s patches Small organs known collectively ast GALT (gut-associated lymphatic tissues).
Prevent pathogens in the respiratory and digestive tract from going through the mucous membrane lining
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING
1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response 5. Antimicrobial substances 6. Fever
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING
1. Skin & mucous membranes
LOW
pH
SALIVA
TEARS
MUCUS
Bacterial leprosy infection just under skin.
“border line leprosy—numb centers
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING
1. Skin & mucous membranes
2. Phagocytic cells--macrophages
Obj. 6 1. Skin & mucous membranes
2. Phagocytic cells – engulf and destroy pathogens
3. Natural killer cells – attack and lyse body cells infected by viruses or that are cancerous.
Obj. 7 Inflammatory response 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells
4. Inflammatory response damaged tissues release histamines Histamines make vessels leaky, releasing phagocytes & clotting factors
Phagocytes engulf bacteria Platelets form clots
Obj. 7
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING
1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response
5. Antimicrobial substances InterferonComplement proteins
Obj. 8 Fever 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response 5. Antimicrobial substances
6. Fever Macrophages release pyrogens Hypothalamus elevates temperature
Liver & spleen supply less iorn Bacteria don’t grow well without iron
Metabolism increases speeding repair.
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