Implementing Ecological Sanitation in rural Tanzania

With an action research approach

Hanna Grimstedt

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Background - Poor sanitation 2,5 billion lack access to proper sanitation- 37%

of the world’s population

80% of those people are living in Sub-Sahara Africa countries

In developing countries are 80 % of the diseases an effect of poor sanitation and unclean water

Poor sanitation cause negative effects on the environment, the economy and social wellness.

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Background - Poor sanitation

Researcher's own photos

Traditional toilet, pit- latrine toilet, built with material that is unreliable.

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Background - Development aid MDGs was implemented in 2000 and are goals

developed to target the needs of the world’s poorest. MDG no. 7 clean water and sanitation.

The SDGs will replace MDGs in 2015- Earths well-being and SD.

New working methods are needed for more efficient development aid – e.g. action oriented and participatory

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Background – Tanzania & Chekereni village Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the

world One of the most aid dependent countries-

corruption Only 24 % of the Tanzanians are estimated to

have access to improved sanitation

(EMW 2015)

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A possible solution -Ecological Sanitation Eco-san- recycling approach of valuable

nutrient Social, - environmental and economically

sustainable

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What's the problem? Poor sanitation in third world countries Development aid- try to improve the situation New working methods are needed to fulfil the

SDGs Participatory methods are suggested to reach

acceptance for Eco-san as well as aid efficiency

AIM- Improving the sanitation situation in rural Tanzania by introducing Eco-san in an participatory way- through an action research (AR).

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Action Research Action research- connects the action and the

research The problem and the solution are identified in

collaboration between the researcher and the participants improved situation through action & democratization of the research process

Kurt Lewin´s action research cycles (Riding et al. 1995)

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Action research cycles in my study

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Second cycle of the AR

Collecting material in Moshi town and measuring the toilet rooms

Researcher's own photos

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Outcome from the AR

Photo. Mosha Gilbert

One girl at the girls toilet

Improved sanitation facilities' at the school

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Outcome- from the AR

Photo: Godwin Chonjo

The boys toilet and one of two compost chambers

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Main Findings Eco-san can improve the situation in Chekereni

-1st cycle further knowledge and services are needed -2nd cycle improved situation & up-scaling

possibilities needs further action

The participatory method of introducing and implementing Eco-san in the area was important. The solutions were found in collaboration between the participants in the AR

Insights form this AR; communication, trust and give the participants confidence to take own action

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The future in Chekereni? Today the school have collected 700 litre urine

that they will use as fertilizers in the garden at the school.

They participants have change and improved their situation, which can be spread to the whole community

- if further action will be taken

Storage of urinePhoto. Mosha Gilbert

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The future globally? MDGs have achieved much e.g. almost 1.9 billion

people have gained access to an improved sanitation facility. But improvements are still needed.

The SDGs have just been stated - “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”

-17 goals & 169 targets

New working methods and sustainable development everywhere - not just developing countries.

- Eco-san possible and smart sanitation solution everywhere.

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ReferencesEMW (E-maps World) (2015). Political Picture of

Tanzania http://www.emapsworld.com/tanzania-political-map.html

Riding, P., Fowell, S., Levy, P. (1995). An Action research approach to curriculum development. Information Research. Vol. 1 No. 1. (Online) http://www.informationr.net/ir/1-1/paper2.html

TFCA 2015 https://firebossrealtyaroundtown.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/diffusion-of-innovation-curve.png

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Thank you- Ansante sana!

Photo: Charlie Richard

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Further reading Hanna, Å. Grimstedt (2015) “Now we are becoming

partners” Implementing Ecological Sanitation in rural Tanzania- With an action research approach. www.diva-portal.org

What have the MDGs achieved? “The Millennium Developments Goals report 2014” www.un.org/millenniumgoals

The SDGs “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”: www.sustainabledevelopment.org

Participatory methods in development aid:Mikkelson, B. (2005). Methods for development work and research. London: Siege.