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Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Limpopo River BasinFocal Project
Improving Livelihoods by Improving Water Productivity, Access and Use
Doug Merrey
2 September 2008
FANRPAN Regional Dialogue, Lilongwe
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Outline
Limpopo Basin Project Goals and Structure The Team Partners Approach Preliminary Findings—Opportunities for
Interventions
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Limpopo Basin Overview Area: 412,938 km2 Population: 14 million Percentage urban: 43 Percentage rural: 57 Percentage of population below poverty line: 56% Mean annual rainfall: 200-1,200 mm (average 530 mm) Climate: Ranges from tropical dry savanna and hot dry
steppe to warm and cool temperate Contribution of agriculture to GDP in the basin: 6.5% Net irrigated area: 244,000 ha Land use: Crops, 234,000 ha;
pasture, 1.78 million ha; forestry, 455,000 ha Multiple water uses: mining, urban, industry, tourism Institutional arrangement for managing water: Limpopo
River Basin Commission [to be ratified] Environmental conservation areas: 2 Ramsar sites,
important game parks, coastal areas
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
The Team-1
FANRPAN and ARC-SA joint venture IWMI and GWP-SA* regional partners
GWP and FANRPAN co-lead stakeholder consultations
*Global Water Partnership-Southern Africa
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
The Team-2 National universities: Botswana,
Eduardo Mondlane (UEM, Mozambique), Pretoria, Zimbabwe and Malawi
Mozambique Institute of Agricultural Research (IIAM)
Team is large and diverse, but highly experienced and professionalcomplemented by students
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Project GoalsTo identify agricultural water interventions whose implementation will reduce poverty and enhance food, health, and environmental security in the Limpopo Basin and beyond
To identify gaps in knowledge about agricultural water management options in the basin requiring further research
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Work Packages (WP) & Lead Institutions
1. WP 1 Water and Poverty- U. Malawi
2. WP 2 Water Availability and Access- ARC
3. WP 3 Water Productivity- IWMI
4. WP 4 Institutional Analysis- FANRPAN Sec.
5. WP 5 Interventions Packages- FANRPAN Sec.
6. WP 6 Knowledge Management- ARC
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Research Approach Make use of existing data bases
Build on outputs from CPWF and other on-going research projects
Use students strategically to fill gaps, provide analytical support
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Strategic interventions for the basin
1. Identify possible intervention packages
2. Test through consultations with key stakeholders (managed jointly by GWP and FANRPAN)
3. Assess through case studies
Stakeholder Consultation seen as central to success
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
A Methodological Innovation: The Intervention Matrix
InterventionPackage
Associated Institutions
Infrastructure Technology Policies & Institutions
NewKnowledge
intervention(contributor)
Name of institution,contact info, links torelated web sites or documents
Check any of the boxes below that apply
Check boxes below that apply
Check boxes below that apply
Check boxes below that apply
availability productivity access avail prod acc avail prod acc avail prod acc
Treadle Pump IrrigationD Merrey
IDEhttp://www.ideorg.org/ Kick Starthttp://www.kickstart.org
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Small Reservoirs
CP 46http://
www.smallreservoirs.org
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CatchmentManagement Forums
DWAFhttp://www.dwaf.gov.za
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Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Example: Application of the Intervention Matrix
But RWH works only under certain conditions
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
The “Black Hole” of Limpopo Basin
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Limpopo “Black Hole” From Kevin Scott, leader of water availability work
package Serious Implications:
Water going in does not come out—no outflow (Mozambique take notice!)
Limited options for productive use of water—need irrigation but not much water available
Rainwater harvesting probably not appropriate in the Black Hole!
Would a massive upstream dam enable regulated year-round flows downstream?
One option under investigation
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Huge Irrigation Potential in Mozambique
Massingir Dam—Lower Limpopo irrigation potential is +/- 90,000 ha
Chókwe Irrigation Scheme largest in Mozambique: rice, sugar cane, maize, vegetables, etc.
Complex history, victim of colonial exploitation and impacts of civil war
Presently low productivity, under-use, poverty
Chókwe Main Canal
Limpopo River Basin Focal Project
Team Visit to Chókwe Recent team visit and stakeholder consultation
demonstrated that getting policies, input and output markets, support systems, and institutional framework right would make very high agricultural productivity and poverty reduction possible
Government now encouraging capital-intensive multi-national investments
What is potential for supporting a prosperous smallholder-based agriculture?