Ind # 22 : South Africa

Test tomorrow: 20 m/c questions only

Collect classwork tomorrow:

#19-23

South Africa• Independent from

Britain in 1910– 75% African– Whites: British &

Dutch

Apartheid• 1948: Dutch

gained power:

– Apartheid: segregated by race

• .

• Africans got 13% of land but were 75% of population

• Africans can’t live in white areas

• Needed work permits to work in cities

• Can’t marry another race

• Segregated schools, hospitals, etc

• African National Congress (ANC) formed to fight for blacks’ rights – Civil disobedience:

protests, boycotts (who started this idea?)

• Sharpeville Massacre: police kill 69 peaceful protestors & imprison many others including Nelson Mandela– Do peaceful protests work?

• 1976: riots led to 600 dead

• 1977: police beat a popular leader to death Should

the world get

involved w/SA and

try to stop this?

• Desmond Tutu: asked nations to stop trading w/SA – Should other countries get involved?

• Int’l response: many nations did not trade w/SA & forbid them from playing in the Olympics– Coke, Ford & other US companies leave SA– Is this enough?

New President

• 1989: elect F.W. de Klerk who wanted reforms

• 1990: legalizes ANC & free Nelson Mandela (after 27 yrs in prison)

• Got rid of most of apartheid laws

New Elections• 1994: all races

could vote! – De Klerk & Mandela

ran – Mandela wins!

• 1996: New constitution grants equality to all races