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absurdity, see criticismaccords, 62 (see also pacts)adultery, 70 (fn 33), 207 (fn 1), see also
incestagriculture, see harvestsAi (town, location unknown), 21Ai Jiang, 67, 70 (and fn 33), 78, 82–83,
84, 85, 94Ailing (town in the state of Qi), 273Allen, Gracie, 3An (town in the state of Qi), 166, 172
(and fn 38), 257animal preserves, 224, 259Army of the Center, 221 (and fn 17)arranged line battles, see battlesarrest (of persons), 88–89, 139, 180,
182, 247–248assassination, 15, 16–17, 25–26, 28,
29 (fn 6), 33 (and fn 27), 45, 47, 56, 59–60, 74, 76, 78, 84, 95, 96, 124, 139, 141, 142–143, 145, 147, 149–151, 152, 156 (and fn 4), 157 (and fn 11), 179, 185 (and fn 40), 192–193, 207, 208, 209 (and fn 13), 210–211 (fn 16), 211–212, 213, 214 (fn 35), 215, 217–218, 222, 227–228 (and fn 5), 231–232, 240, 243 (fn 32), 256, 259, 266, 267–268 (and fn 23), see also regicide
assassins, 243 (and fn 33)attacks (military), 13, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24,
25, 32, 35, 36, 40, 42, 43, 44, 49, 50, 53–54, 56, 58, 61, 62, 63, 64, 69, 71, 72, 73, 76, 83, 87, 89, 91, 93, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 121, 124,
125, 126–127, 128, 129, 131, 133, 134, 137, 140, 142, 147, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178, 180, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 220, 221, 222, 224, 226, 230, 231, 233, 249, 250, 251, 254, 258, 259, 261, 263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274, 275, see also sneak attack, surprise attack
auspicious clothes ceremony, 77–78auspiciousness, 184, 260avalanches, 170
Ba (minor state), 141Ba (town in the state of Lu), 249 (fn 7)Baili Xi (grand officer of the state of
Qin), 120 (and fns 59, 60), 135 (fn 14)
Baiyi (new capital of the barony of Xu), 231
Bao (town in the state of Zheng), 130Bao Guangfu (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 243battles, 38, 40–41, 44, 57, 58, 69, 71,
73, 84, 100, 102, 107–108, 113, 124, 129, 135–136, 147, 158–159, 166, 181, 231, 235–236 (and fn 2), 250, 264, 273
beans, 248beetles, 72begging (for troops), 111Bei Yan (earldom), see Yan
Index
I n d e x278
Beigong Jie (grand officer of the state of Wei), 183 (and fn 34), 198, 254, 260
Beigong Kuo (grand officer of the state of Wei), 183 (fn 34)
Beigong Tuo (grand officer of the state of Wei, son of Beigong Kuo), 225
Beigong Xi (grand officer of the state of Wei), 237, 240
Beixing (town in the state of Qi), 60benevolence, 161Bi (town in the state of Lu), 267Bi (town in the state of Zheng),
158–159 (and fn 22), 173 (fn 40)Big Dipper, 138Bihun (home of a group of Rong
tribesmen), 148, 230Bing (town in the state of Zheng), 23,
24 (and fn 22)Bian (town in the state of Lu), 102Biwo (grand officer of the state of Zhu
Lou), 205Bo (town in the state of Song), 106Bo Yuyang (nonexistent person, name
derived from misreading of text), 226 (and fn 42)
Boju (town in the state of Chu), 250Book of Documents, 135 (fn 14)bribery, 85, 116 (fn 41)brides, 12, 31, 37, 67, 70, 178bronze ding vessels, 29 (and fn 10), 30butchery, 164 (see also massacre)Burns, George, 3
Cai (marquisate), 16, 25, 32, 33, 42, 44, 53, 55, 58, 60, 61, 87, 104, 116, 140, 173, 193, 203, 225, 229 (fn 11), 235–236, 250, 251, 252, 263, 264, 266; destroyed by Chu, 225; reconstituted by Chu, 228–229 (and fns 8, 9)
rulers (not known posthumously as dukes):
Marquis Xuan (personal name Kaofu, r. 749–715 BCE), 23
Marquis Huan (personal name Fengren, r. 714–695 BCE), 30, 39, 43, 44
Marquis Ai (personal name Xianwu, r. 694–675 BCE), 44 (fn 40), 58
Marquis Mu (personal name Xi, r. 674–646 BCE), 99
Marquis Zhuang (personal name Jiawu, r. 645–612 BCE), 105, 111, 113, 114, 133
Marquis Wen (personal name Shen, r. 611–592 BCE), 163
Marquis Jing (personal name Gu), r. 591–543 BCE), 206, 209, 213, 214 (and fn 35)
Marquis Ling (personal name Ban, r. 542–531 BCE), 213, 214 (fn 35), 220, 221, 224 (and fn 33), 225 (and fn 40), 229
Marquis Ping (personal name Lu, r. 530–522 BCE), 228–229 (and fn 9), 233
Zhu (personal name of untitled ruler, r. 521 BCE), 233
Marquis Dao (personal name Dongguo, r. 521–519 BCE), 235
Marquis Zhao (personal name Shen, r. 518–491 BCE), 249, 250–251, 266, 267
Cai Shu (grand officer of the state of Cai), 39 (fn 18)
calendar, 4, 8, 13, 21, 26, 31 (fn 22), 32 (fn 23), 100, 128, 237, 267 (see also “stems and branches”)
Cao (earldom), 33, 37, 41, 43, 61, 68, 69, 81–82, 89, 99, 100, 103, 112, 117, 140, 148, 156, 159, 168, 182, 187, 188, 189, 198, 201, 209, 210, 212, 214, 217, 225, 237, 240, 245, 257, 258, 259, 265, 268, 269
rulers:Duke Huan (personal name
Zhongsheng, r. 756–702 BCE), 37
Duke Zhuang (personal name Yegu, r. 701–671 BCE), 37, 66, 67, 68 (fn 21)
Duke Xi (personal name Yi, alternate name Chi, r. 670–662 BCE), 68, 69 (and fn 28)
Duke Zhao (personal name Ban, r. 661–653 BCE), 83, 87, 90, 91
I n d e x 279
Duke Gong (personal name Xiang, r. 652–618 BCE), 93, 95, 98, 99, 101, 102, 105, 112–113 (and fn 23), 116, 117, 131, 132
Duke Wen (personal name Shou, r. 617–595 BCE), 134, 138, 139, 147, 151, 153, 160
Duke Xuan (personal name Qiang, alternate name Lu, r. 594–578 BCE), 163, 168, 170, 172, 174, 175, 178, 232 (fns 20, 21)
Duke Cheng (personal name Fuchu, r. 577–555 BCE), 180, 182, 183, 184, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 200, 201, 202, 232
Duke Wu (personal name Teng, r. 554–528 BCE), 203, 204, 206, 207, 228, 229
Duke Ping (personal name Xu, r. 527–524 BCE), 231
Duke Dao (personal name Wu, r. 523–515 BCE), 240, 241
Duke Sheng (personal name Ye, r. 514–510 BCE)
Duke Yin (personal name Tong, r. 509–506 BCE), 249
Duke Jing (personal name Lu, r. 505–502 BCE), 254, 255
Yang (personal name of untitled ruler, r. 501–487 BCE), 269
Cao (town in the state of Zheng), 192Cao Gui, see Master CaoCao Mo, see Master CaoCao-Nan (town? in the state of Cao), 103Capital (of the state of Zhou, a.k.a.
capital-metropolis), 37, 115, 117, 124, 130, 131, 153, 178, 180, 182, 206, 233, 243, 247, 266, see also Cheng Zhou
capitals, relocation of, 58, 77 (and fn 24), 82, 84 (and fn 17), 98, 119, 181 (and fn 17), 223, 231, 250, 264, see also enfeoffment
capture (of persons), 22, 58, 59–60, 62, 83, 90, 100, 103, 105, 111–112, 112–113, 115, 147, 161, 166, 174, 182–183, 193, 196, 200 (and fn 18), 201, 202, 209 (and fn 13), 219 (fn 11), 220, 223, 228, 235–236, 250,
253, 254, 255–256, 259, 260, 266, 269, 273
capture (of towns), 25, 49, 73, 87, 111, 121, 148–149, 153, 156, 189, 197, 198, 218, 220, 239
caterpillars, 20, 24, 54Central States, 4, 5, 22, 58, 63, 86,
88, 95, 105, 161, 189, 193, 218–219, 236, 237, 250–251, 274–275, see also Xia
ceding of territory, 23, 50, 146–147, 155, 167, 168, 171 (and fn 31), 172 (and fn 38), 202 (and fn 23), 204, 221, 242, 257, 270
ceremonies, 19–20, 48–49, 51, 95, 103, 123, 124, 132, 136–137, 229, 238 (see also sacrifices, dance, auspicious clothes ceremony, Great Service, Great Gathering, soft-silk ceremony)
Chamber of the Generations, 136–137 (and fn 21)
Chan (town in the state of Lu), 270Chang (son of Chen Qi of the state of
Qi), 268Chang Di (tribesmen), 134Changge (town in the state of Zheng), 21Changjian (town in the state of Lu), 233Changshu (town in the state of Jin), 189Changshuo (town in the state of Lu),
57, 60 (fn 23)Chanyuan (town in the state of Wei),
203, 209, 214Chao (minor state), 135, 208 (and fn
6), 237Chen (marquisate), 16, 17 (fn 32), 32,
42, 44, 53, 55, 60, 61, 64, 68, 69, 70, 88–89, 104, 109, 110, 116, 121, 125, 126, 128, 142, 147, 149, 153, 157 (and fn 11), 159, 168, 190, 191, 192, 201, 205, 207, 208, 218, 231, 233, 257, 258, 267, 270, 271, 275; destroyed by Chu, 223–224 (and fn 29), 235–236; reconstituted by Chu, 228–229 (and fns 8, 9)
rulers:Duke Huan (personal name Bao, r.
744–707 BCE), 16, 29; insanity and death, 32
I n d e x280
Chen (marquisate)—continuedTuo (personal name of short-lived
ruler, r. 707–706 BCE), 33 (and fn 27), 66
Duke Li (personal name Yue, r. 706–700 BCE), 39, 40
Duke Zhuang (personal name Lin, r. 699–693 BCE), 43, 48, 49
Duke Xuan (personal name Chujiu, r. 692–648 BCE), 51, 61, 62, 68, 70, 87, 90, 91, 98
Duke Mu (personal name, Kuan, r. 647–632 BCE), 91, 93, 98, 99, 101, 105, 111, 113, 114
Duke Gong (personal name Shuo, r. 631–614 BCE), 114, 125, 136
Duke Ling (personal name Pingguo, r. 613–599 BCE), 138, 147, 154 (fn 45), 156 (and fn 4), 157 (and fns 11, 12), 158 (and fn 13)
Zhengshu (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 599 BCE), see Xia Zhengshu
Duke Cheng (personal name Wu, r. 598–569 BCE), 189, 190
Duke Ai (personal name Ni, r. 568–534 BCE), 191, 192, 203, 205, 206, 209, 217, 220, 221, 222, 223
Liu (personal name of short-term ruler, r. 534 BCE), see Prince Liu
Duke Hui (personal name Wu, r. 529–506 BCE), 228–229 (and fn 9), 249, 250
Duke Huai (personal name Liu, r. 505–502 BCE), 249, 254, 255
Duke Min (personal name Yue, r. 501–478 BCE), 263
Chen (younger brother of Duke Jing of Song), 257 (and fn 19), 258, 260
Chen Qi (grand officer of the state of Qi), 267–268 (and fn 24)
Cheng (earldom), 134Cheng (minor state), 19, 25, 30, 55–56,
72–73 (fn 4)Cheng I (town in the state of Lu), 33,
72–73 (fn 4), 199, 200, 239 (and fn 18), 258
Cheng II (town in the state of Lu), 164, 179
Cheng III (town in the state of Song), 83
Cheng Dechen (grand officer of the state of Chu), 113 (and fn 25)
Cheng Feng (consort of Duke Zhuang of Lu, mother of Duke Xi of Lu), 127 (and fn 20), 132
Cheng Hua (assassin, subject of the state of Jin), 185 (fn 40)
Cheng Zhou (eastern capital of the state of Zhou), 162–163, 240, 245
Chengkuang (town in the state of Song), 134
Chengpu (town in the state of Wei), 70, 113, 121 (fn 62)
Chengqiu (town, location unknown), 58Chengran, see Dou ChengranChenling (town in the state of Chen),
157Chenyi (new capital of the state of Xing),
82Chenyi (town in the state of Wei), 206,
207, 208Chi (town in the state of Song), 43chiding, 50Chiji (town in the state of Jin), 165China, 4Chinese language, 2, 3–4Chonglao (town in the state of Zheng),
170Chu (kingdom), 4–5, 29, 83, 86, 87–88,
89 (and fn 39), 90, 91 (and fn 50), 94 (fn 4), 97, 99, 100, 104, 105–106 (and fn 57), 107–108, 109, 110, 111, 112 (fn 22), 113, 114, 121 (fn 62), 126–127, 131, 132, 133, 135, 141, 148, 149, 152, 153, 157 (and fn 11), 158, 159 (fns 22, 23), 160–161, 164 (and fn 41), 168, 174, 180, 181 (and fn 17), 184, 185, 187, 189, 191, 193, 195 (fns 36, 37), 196, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208 (and fn 6), 209, 211, 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226 (and fn 43), 227, 228–229 (and fns 8, 9, 11), 231, 233, 235, 236 (fn 2), 240, 242, 249, 250–251 (and fn 13), 266 (and fn 16), 270
rulers:King Cheng (personal name
Yun, alternate name Kun, r. 671–626 BCE), 88 (fn 34), 105, 111–112, 124
I n d e x 281
King Mu (personal name Shangchen, r. 625–614 BCE), 124 (fn 7), 132, 133, 134
King Zhuang (personal name Lu, r. 613–591 BCE), 147, 147, 149, 154, 156, 157 (and fns 11, 12), 158–159 (and fn 13), 160–161, 164 (and fn 41)
King Gong (personal name Shen, r. 590–560 BCE), 180, 181, 185, 194, 196, 198
King Kang (personal name Zhao, r. 559–545 BCE), 206, 209, 211
Quan (personal name of untitled ruler, a.k.a. Jia’ao, r. 544–541 BCE), 211 (fn 18), 213, 219
King Ling (personal name Wei, changed to Qian, r. 540–529 BCE), 220, 221, 223, 224 (and fn 33), 226; assassination of, 227–228 (and fns 2, 4), see also Prince Wei
Bi (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 529), 227–228 (and fns 2, 4, 5), see also Prince Bi
King Ping (personal name Qiji, changed to Ju, r. 528–516 BCE), 229 (fn 9), 230, 240, 250 (fn 13), see also Prince Qiji
King Zhao (personal name Zhen, r. 515–489 BCE), 251, 260, 263, 267
Chu Palace, 215 (fn 38)Chui (town in the state of Qi), 152Chui (town in the state of Wei), 23,
27, 51Chuiji (town in the state of Jin), 85Chuilian (town in the state of Zheng),
125Chuixia (town in the state of Wei), 259Chuqiu (new capital of the state of Wei),
84Chuqiu (town near border of states of
Cao and Song), 22comets, 138, 230, 275command of armies, nomenclature of, 19Commander Sir Fan, see Prince Cecommoners, 1, 5, 14, 17, 44, 53, 62, 87,
106, 141, 143, 150, 151, 159, 174, 205, 227–228, 237, 238, 241 (and fn 26), 244 (fn 37), 253–254 (fn 1)
compensation, see settlement, consideration
concubines, 8, 16 (fn 24), 87, 89 (fn 41), 94, 97 (fn 18), 138 (fns 28, 30, 31), 142 (fn 52), 190 (and fn 17), 215 (fn 39), 225 (and fn 36), 261 (fn 37)
condemnation, 111conflagration, see fireConfucius (c. 551–479), 2, 4, 5, 10 (fn
20), 22 (fn 11), 32 (and fn 24), 54, 65 (fn 6), 68, 75 (fn 13), 95 (fn 10), 102 (and fn 39), 108, 136 (fn 20), 138, 146 (and fn 8), 152 (fns 32, 33), 156 (fn 3), 158, 161, 214 (and fn 35), 218, 224 (fn 35), 226 (and fn 42), 230, 231–232 (and fn 23), 234 (and fn 29), 239 (and fn 15), 275–276 (and fns 11, 13); birth of, 204 (and fn 33); diplomatic role of, 257 (and fn 15), 258
Cong (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 121
consideration (material), 270Consort, née Feng, see Cheng Fengconsorts, see concubinescontemptibility, see criticismcoup, 151, see also usurpationcourt, attendance at, 25, 27, 29, 30, 33,
35, 37, 43, 53, 66, 70, 91, 99, 104, 113, 116, 134, 135, 139, 147, 171, 172, 178, 185, 188, 192, 201, 204, 211, 220, 230, 251, 260, 264
courtesy visits, 22, 24, 31, 32, 36, 66, 68, 117, 119, 127, 135, 156, 167, 169, 170, 173, 177, 185, 192, 194, 197, 199, 209, 213, 219, 226, 233
criminals, 211–212, 224, 232, 266, see also outlaws
criticism, 3, 12, 14, 19, 20, 31, 32, 36, 37, 41–42, 48, 52, 65–66, 67, 70, 72, 73, 74, 78, 104, 124, 125–126, 131, 137, 141, 145, 151–152, 162, 165, 185, 196, 249 (and fn 5), 274, 275
crown princes, see heirs apparentCuanhan (town, location unknown), 157Cui (town in the state of Lu), 44
I n d e x282
Cui Zhu (grand officer of the state of Qi), 156 (and fn 3), 185, 188, 189, 206, 207 (and fn 1)
Cuo (Heir Apparent of the state of Song who never ruled), 209 (and fn 12)
Dadu, see DayuanDaji (town in the state of Song), 147Dame Ying (mother of the widow of
Duke Wu of Zhu Lou), 243dance (ceremonial), 20, 152dates, see calendardaughters, 12, 21, 37, 135, 242–243
(and fn 32)day-after sacrifice, 152 (and fn 33)Dayuan (town, location unknown),
218–219death, nomenclature of, 14deception, 127 (and fn 19), 160,
270, 274Dechen, see Cheng Dechendeer, 185defeat, military, 25, 57, 58, 59, 83, 100,
120, 121, 134, 178, 218, 221, 235–236, 260, see also taking
defection, 129, see also flightDeng (marquisate), 30, 35
rulers: Wuli (personal name of ex-ruler), 35
Deng Huluo (subject of the state of Lu), 76
denigration, 4, 11, 14, 16, 24, 39, 47–48, 84, 94, 105, 111–112, 113, 115, 120, 129, 138, 152, 156, 157 (and fn 11), 161 (and fn 29), 168 (and fn 17), 214–215, 217–218, 248 (see also slighting)
despicableness, 33destruction of states or tribes, 11–12,
24, 51–52, 58, 60, 69 (and fn 28), 73, 77 (and fn 24), 81, 84, 85–86, 90, 96, 97, 98, 102, 104, 107, 109, 110, 127, 141, 152, 159, 161, 162, 174 (and fn 49), 184, 192 (and fn 23), 195 (and fn 36), 208, 218, 220, 223–224, 225, 229, 230, 237, 242, 250, 253, 259, 260, 269
Di (tribesmen), 11 (fn 1), 76, 79, 81, 84, 88, 93, 96, 98, 99, 103, 104, 109, 116, 119, 121, 127, 128, 129, 131, 133, 134, 134, 137, 157, 161, 178, 181, 218 (see also Jie, Chang Di, Red Di, White Di)
rulers: Jie Gelu, 116, 117 (fn 45)Dili (town in the state of Jin), 242Ding-Si, see Lady SiDing Yi (consort of Duke Cheng of Lu),
190 (and fn 17)Diqiu (new capital of the state of
Wei), 119Diquan (town in the state of Zhou),
116, 236disagreeable notions, 58, 82, 84, 98,
105, 108, 114, 138, 147, 156, 209, 234, 235, 274–275, see also taboos
disapproval, see disagreeable notionsdisapprobation, 161 (and fn 29)disasters, natural, 20, 28, 33, 41, 54, 59,
64, 65, 72, 105, 125, 162–163, 169, 248, 249, 265, 266
disease, 64divination, 51, 118, 148, 171–172, 175,
192, 196, 260, 263dogs, 151donation (of grain), 252Dou Chengran (grand officer of the state
of Chu), 226 (and fn 43)Dou Jiao (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 132 (and fn 40)Dou Yishen (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 105, 133drought, 32–33, 105, 125, 151 (see also
sacrifices for rain)Du (grand officer of the state of Song),
see Hua DuDuan (personal name of younger brother
of Duke Zhuang of Zheng), 8–9, 17 (fn 29), 89 (fn 41)
Duandao (town in the state of Jin), 163Duchess (née Gui, a.k.a. Qi Gui,
concubine of Duke Xiang of Lu, mother of Duke Zhao), 225 (and fn 36)
Duchess (née Jiang, sister of Duke Xiang of Qi, wife of Duke Huan of Lu), see Wen Jiang
I n d e x 283
Duchess (née Jiang, wife of Duke Zhuang of Lu), see Ai Jiang
Duchess (née Jiang, wife of Duke Xi of Lu), see Sheng Jiang
Duchess (née Jiang, wife of Duke Wen of Lu, daughter of Duke Zhao of Qi, though supposed in The Gongyang Commentary to be lower-born, a.k.a. Chu Jiang), 127, 131, 143
Duchess (née Jiang, wife of Duke Xuan of Lu, a.k.a. Mu Jiang), 145–146, 188–189 (and fn 10), 194
Duchess (née Jiang, wife of Duke Cheng of Lu, a.k.a. Qi Jiang), 179, 188–189 (and fns 7, 10)
Duchess (née Xiong), see Jing YingDuke of Guo, 68Duke of Qi (misprint), 257 (and fn 19)Duke of Shao, see Three DukesDuke of Zhou (Chancellor of State),
95, 117Duke of Zhou (personal name Chu),
177–178Duke of Zhou (personal name Dan), 20,
89, 136–137 (and fn 21), see also Three Dukes
Duke of Zhai (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 36 (and fn 5)
Duke of Zhai, see Third Brother ZhaiDuke Wen of Liu, see Viscount of Liu IIDun (viscounty), 110, 190, 220, 221,
235–236, 249, 259rulers (partial list):
Qiang (personal name of ruler, r. ?–496 BCE), 259
Earl Mengmu, see Gongsun AoEarl of Dan (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 139 (and fn 34), 140Earl of Fan (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 22Earl of Mao I (grand officer of the
state of Zhou, personal name unknown), 123, 130–131
Earl of Mao II (grand officer of the state of Zhou, personal name Wei), 161
Earl of Mao III (grand officer of the state of Zhou, personal name De), 240
Earl of Shan (grand officer of the state of Lu?), 48 (and fn 3), 61
Earl of Shao I (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Dai of Shao), 161
Earl of Shao II (grand officer of the state of Zhou, personal name unknown), 173
Earl of Shao III (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Dai II [?] of Shao), 240
Earl of Zhai (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 10, 36 (fn 5)
earthquakes, 132, 200, 231, 236, 265East Zhou, see Cheng ZhouEastern Sea, 118eclipses, 13 (and fn 10), 30, 44, 63, 68,
69, 73, 90, 97, 99, 123, 140, 153, 155, 163, 181, 184, 198, 199, 203, 204, 206, 210, 222, 230, 233, 234, 237, 244, 252, 258, 261
editorialization, 22, 25, 42, 102, 110, 137, 142–143, 164, 165–166, 168 (fn 17), 217–218, 232, 247 (and fn 1), (see also taboos, “official stories”)
Elder Gentleman (grand officer of the state of Ji), 13
Eldest Daughter (of Duke Hui of Lu, older sister of Duke Yin, married off to the state of Ji), 13, 51, 52
Eldest Daughter (of Duke Xi of Lu), 95
Eldest Daughter (eldest surviving[?] daughter of Duke Xi of Lu, married to Mr. Tang of Song), 109–110
Eldest Daughter (of Duke Zhuang of Lu, married off to the earldom of Qi), 69, 70, 90, 114, 119
Eldest Daughter (of Duke Xuan, married off to the state of Tan), 163 (and fn 37)
Eldest Daughter (of either Duke Xuan or Duke Cheng of Lu, married to Duke Gong of Song, a.k.a. Lady Gong), 173 (fn 39), 174 (and fns 46–48), 175 (and fn 53), 213 (and fn 32), 214
I n d e x284
elk, 62encampments, 50, 55, 58, 73, 81–82,
87, 99, 133, 188, 205, 256, 259, 261
enfeoffment, 82, 84–85, 98–99, 136–137, 187, 220, 228–229 (and fn 9)
Eno, Robert, 205 (fn 35), 243 (fn 33)Environs Sacrifice, 118, 148, 171–172,
175, 183–184, 192, 196, 260, 263
epidemic, see diseaseeuphemism, 12, 22, 237 (fn 11)excess, 153exigency, 38–39exile, 15, 52, 97, 115, 146 (and fn 6),
164, 184 (fn 37), 188 (fn 5), 210, 223, 226 (fn 44), 266; of Duke Zhao of Lu, 237
extolling, 63, 202
families (organization of), 179–180 (and fn 11)
famine, 156, 160, 162 (and fn 34), 206Fang I, (East Fang – town in the state
of Lu), 24 (fn 22), 54, 65, 72, 198, 201
Fang II (West Fang – town in the state of Lu), 24 (fn 22), 25
Fang III (town in the state of Lu), 99
Fang IV (town contested by Lu and Ju), 220, 221
fathers, 250–251 (and fn 13), 264, 265Fei (town in the state of Lu), 192, 227
(and fn 1), 257 (and fn 17), 258Fei (town in the state of Zheng), 137Feilin (town in the state of
Zheng), 147Feng Choufu (charioteer of Duke Qing
of Qi), 166–167 (and fn 9)Fenquan (town in the state of
Lu), 221feudal lords, 5, 12, 14, 20, 23, 25, 27,
36, 37, 42, 48, 51, 52, 60, 64, 81–82, 85, 90, 91, 95, 98–99, 106, 112, 116, 118, 129, 130–131, 140, 142, 153, 157, 187, 189, 191, 193, 195, 200, 201, 202, 207, 210, 214–215, 220,
228, 238, 250, 251, 252, 275, see also leader of the feudal lords
filial piety, 125–126, 131, 232fire (disaster), 41, 104, 162–163,
169, 194, 213, 214, 223, 231, 248–249, 265, 266
fire (military attack by), 35First Taste sacrifice, 41–42fish-hawks, 100–101Five Hegemons, 55, 60 (fn 22) (see also
Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King Zhuang of Chu
flight (to other states), 10, 39, 43, 47, 58, 60, 68, 78, 90, 96, 109, 113, 114, 128, 129, 130, 134 (and fn 7), 139, 164, 172, 177–178, 180, 183, 192, 199, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 210, 211, 213, 214, 214, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 232, 233, 235, 237, 240, 242, 251, 256, 257, 259, 260, 266, 267, 268, 270, 273
flood, 41, 54, 59, 68, 69, 156, 170, 206force, brute, 138, 157foreigners, see tribesmenfortification, 22, 24, 32, 43, 72, 74,
78–79, 82, 84, 98, 129, 136, 153, 170, 174, 189, 192, 198, 199, 203, 212, 241, 245, 247, 253, 260, 261, 265, 266, 267 (and fn 19)
fratricide, 8–9, 16–17, 115freezing (weather), 41, 165, 180, 211frost, 121, 248Fu Yang (minor state), 195 (and fn 36)Fulai (town in the state of Ju), 23, 24
(fn 19)funerals, 4, 9–10, 13–14, 15, 19, 23,
25–26, 32, 38, 41, 42, 44, 45, 49, 50, 52, 57, 65, 67, 70, 73, 76, 77, 85, 89, 91, 95 (and fn 6), 98, 103, 108, 110, 111, 120, 123, 124, 127, 128, 131, 132, 142, 148, 153, 156, 158 (and fn 13), 160, 163, 164, 165, 168, 169, 170, 171 (fn 32), 174, 178, 179, 180, 185, 188–189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 200, 202, 203, 205, 209, 213, 214, 215, 219, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226,
I n d e x 285
229, 230, 231–232, 233, 237, 239, 241, 242, 248, 249, 250, 255, 256, 258, 261, 264, 266, 267, 270, 271, 273, 275
Fuzhong (town in the minor state of Cheng), 39
Ganhou (town in the state of Jin), 241, 242, 244, 245, 248
Ganshi (town in the state of Qi), 57Ganxi (town in the state of Chu),
227–228Gao (minor state), 25, 29, 104Gao (town in the state of Qi), 50, 52Gao Ai (grand officer of the state of
Song), 139 (fn 33)Gao Fa (grand officer of the state of Qi),
231Gao Gu (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 149, 161Gao Hou (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 201, 203Gao Ke (grand officer of the state of
Zheng), 79Gao Wujiu (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 180, 183Gao Xi (grand officer of the state of Qi),
65, 78–79Gao Yan (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 226Gao Zhang (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 241, 245, 267Gao Zhi (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 212, 213garrisoning (of towns and capitals), 191,
195gatemen, 211–212Ge (minor state), 43General Sir Zhong, see Prince YingqiGenmou (town supposed to be in the
state of Zhu Lou), 153 (and fn 40gentlemen, the Way of the gentleman,
gentlemanly behavior, 39, 45, 72, 96, 107–108 (and fn 4), 135, 159, 160–161, 212, 213, 224, (and fn 35), 228, 232 (see also Confucius)
gloomy (skies), 181Gong Zhiqi (grand officer of the state of
Yu), 85–86
Gonglian Chufu (operative of the Meng family of the state of Lu), 256 (and fn 10)
Gongmeng Ou (grand officer of the state of Wei), 258, 259, 260, 271
Gongsun Ao (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Prince Qingfu), 99, 124, 125, 127, 129, 130, 139–140, 153 (fn 39)
Gongsun Chai (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 198, 199, 208
Gongsun Chen (grand officer of the state of Cai), 266
Gongsun Ci (grand officer of the state of Lu), 89, 90, 101
Gongsun Duan (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 212
Gongsun Guifu (grand officer of the state of Lu), 152 (fn 30), 156, 157, 160, 164 (and fns 43, 44), 166 (fn 4), 179–180 (fns 7, 11), 202 (fn 25), 237 (fn 13)
Gongsun Guisheng (grand officer of the state of Cai), 210, 217
Gongsun Guixing (grand officer of the state of Cai), 250, 266
Gongsun Hui (grand officer of the state of Cao, son of Prince Xishi of Cao), 232 (and fn 20)
Gongsun Huo (grand officer of the state of Cai), 266
Gongsun Lie (grand officer of the state of Cai), 266
Gongsun Ning, see Kong NingGongsun Piao (grand officer of the state
of Wei), 188 (and fn 5), 199 (fn 10), see also Duke Shang of Wei
Gongsun Shezhi (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 196, 207
Gongsun Shou (grand officer of the state of Song), 12, 173
Gongsun Shu (grand officer of the state of Wei), 259
Gongsun Yingqi I (grand officer of the state of Lu), 166 (and fn 4), 171, 173, 179–180 (and fns 7, 11)
Gongsun Yingqi II (grand officer of the state of Lu), 184 (and fn 37)
Gongsun Zhe (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 195
I n d e x286
Gongyang Commentary, The, 1, 2, 4, 26 (fn 27), 68 (fn 24), 75 (fn 13), 94 (fns 3, 4), 100 (fn 28), 153 (fn 40), 161 (fn 31), 165–166 (fn 2), 258 (fn 21), 259 (fn 28), see also Gongyang commentators
Gongyang commentators, 2, 4, 5, 22 (fn 11), 27, 29 (fn 6), 32 (fn 24), 38 (fn 11), 40 (fn 27), 43 (fn 33), 49 (fn 6), 50 (fn 12), 69 (fn 28), 89 (fn 39), 100 (fn 29), 108 (fn 4), 135 (fn 14), 137 (fn 21), 162 (fn 33), 165–166 (fn 2), 171 (fns 30, 33), 196 (fn 38), 205 (fn 35), 215, 218 (fn 7), 219 (fn 11), 226 (fn 42), 237 (fn 10), 244–245 (fn 38), 247 (fn 1), 252 (fn 19), 253 (fn 1), 261 (fn 37), 265 (fn 13), see also Master Gongyang, Master Lu, Master Gao, Master Beigong
Gongyang Gao, 2, 26 (fn 27), 33 (see also Master Gongyang)
Gongyang Shou, 2 (see also Master Gongyang)
good and evil, 102 (and fn 39)Gouyi (town in the state of Zhu Lou),
264granaries, 41–42grand officers, 5, 12, 14, 25, 56, 65,
67, 69, 78, 85, 87, 91, 96, 99, 112, 113, 116–117, 124, 127, 129, 130, 138, 141, 146, 147, 150, 156, 158, 161 (and fn 29), 166, 168 (fn 17), 182, 184, 189, 193, 196, 200 (and fn 17), 210, 214–215, 217, 228, 238, 239, 248 (and fn 2), 250, 251, 264 (fn 8), 268; hereditary succession of, 14, 32, 156, 165 (fn 1), 244; performance of more than one task by, 36, 64, 117, 189, 197, 255 (fn 5); non-recognition of, 68, 70, 83, 110 (and fn 14), 132, 166, 204, 205, 212–213, 218, 221 (and fn 18), 226 (fn 43), 240; punishment of, 146; mourning regime of, 146; necessity of carrying out orders, 151–152, 164, 180, 202 (and fn 25); installation of, 157
Grand Temple, 125grandfathers, 265Great Bow, 255–256Great Gathering, 125Great Sacrifice, 125Great Service, 125, 126Great Temple, 136–137 (and fn 21), 152Gu (earldom), 35
rulers: Sui (personal name of ex- ruler), 35
Gu (town in the state of Qi), 54, 66, 74 (fn 10), 111, 142, 160, 170, 202
Guan Zhong (c. 720–645 BCE), see Master Guan
Guang (younger brother of Duke Ai of Chen), 203, 205
Guanze (town in the state of Song), 86, 95
Guanzi, see Master GuanGui (town in the state of Song), 40Guiyin (town in the state of Lu), 257Guliang Commentary, The, 1, 156 (fn
3), 171 (fn 33)Guo (minor state), 85–86Guo Guifu (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 119Guo Shen (grand officer of the state of
Zheng), 245Guo Shu (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 273Guo Xia (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 250, 254, 264–265, 267Guo Zhuo (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 217, 225Guo Zuo (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 156, 166–168, 180, 182, 185Guqiu (town in the state of Song), 40
hail, 97, 116, 220Han (town, location unknown), 100Han Buxin (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 245Han Chuan (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 172Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE), 2, 75
(fn 13)Han Qi (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 219, 225Han Qu (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 187
I n d e x 287
Haoyou (town, location uncertain), 250harvests, 31, 54, 72, 163He (mistake for Zeng, town in the state
of Zheng), 188 (and fn 3)He Xiu (129–182 CE), 104 (fn 52), 134
(fn 6), 146 (fn 6), 205 (fn 35), 208 (fn 4)
Heaven, 100, 276hegemon, see Five Hegemons and leader
of the feudal lordsHei Gong (grand officer of the state of
Zhu Lou), 242 (and fn 29)Heibei, see Zishu HeibeiHeirang (town in the state of Jin), 151heirs apparent, 37, 42, 74, 89, 90,
91, 142–143, 163, 180, 189, 190–191, 194, 202, 209, 213, 215, 217 (fn 39), 220, 222, 225, 231, 260, 264
Hengyong (town in the state of Zheng), 130
Hequ (town in the state of Jin), 135–136 (and fn 16), 146 (fn 4)
historians, court, 150Hong (town in the state of Lu), 223Hong River (battle of), 107–108horses, 85–86Hou (town in the state of Lu, fief of Shu
family), 257 (and fns 16, 17), 258Hu (town in the state of Zheng), 129,
140, 142, 153 (and fn 43), 183, 240
Hu (town, probably in the state of Qi), 67Hu (viscounty), 220, 235–236, 250, 260
rulers (partial list):Kun (personal name of ruler, d. 519
BCE), 235–236Bao (personal name of
ruler, r. ?–495 BCE), 260Hu Yegu (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 128Hua (earldom), 62, 104, 119Hua (personal name of heir apparent
of the state of Zheng who never reigned), 91, 93 (and fn 1)
Hua Chen (grand officer of the state of Song), 201
Hua Ding (grand officer of the state of Song), 212, 226, 233
Hua Du (grand officer of the state of Song), 28
Hua Hai (grand officer of the state of Song, younger brother of Hua Hebi), 225, 233
Hua Hebi (grand officer of the state of Song), 222
Hua Ruo (grand officer of the state of Song), 192
Hua Sun (grand officer of the state of Song), 139
Hua Yuan (grand officer of the state of Song), 147, 160, 169, 173, 180, 181, 187, 188, 189, 199 (fn 11)
Hua Yue (grand officer of the state of Song, son of Hua Yuan), 199 (and fn 11)
Huai (town in the state of Jin), 101Huai Yi (tribesmen), 220Huan (town in the state of Lu), 31, 257,
270Huang (minor state), 86, 87, 89, 90,
95, 97Huang (town in the state of Qi), 44,
151, 258Huang Yuan (grand officer of the state of
Song), 269, 270, 274Huangchi (town in the state of Wei),
274Huangfu (town in the state of Jin), 237Hulao (town in the state of Zheng),
189, 195humaneness, 182, 213Humu Sheng, 2hunting, 31–32, 52, 114, 275Huo (minor state), 105 (and fn 57)Hurang, battle of, 21
inauspiciousness, 72, 159incest, 31 (fn 19), 45 (fn 45), 50 (and fn
8), 51, 54incursions, 57–58, 62, 68, 72, 86, 87,
89, 98, 99, 104, 110, 112, 116, 117, 119, 121, 127, 129, 131, 133, 134, 137, 140, 147, 147, 149, 168, 171 (and fn 33), 173, 175, 181, 183, 185, 188, 193, 196, 198, 202, 206, 250, 253, 254, 255, 269, 270, 275
installation of rulers or grand officers, 53, 56, 97, 110, 138, 157 (and fn 12), 219 (fn 9), 226, 264
I n d e x288
insurrection, 233, 258, 259interments, see funeralsinvasions, 11–12, 19, 23, 25, 43, 58,
61, 79, 104, 111, 112, 119, 127, 157, 172 (and fn 11), 174, 207, 231, 251, 252, 275
irony, see criticism
jade, 85–86, 167Ji (grand officer of the state of Cao), 68
(and fn 21), 69, 70 (fn 33)Ji (marquisate), 3, 12, 13, 21, 30 (and fn
17), 32, 33, 36, 40–41, 44, 49, 50 (and fn 12), 51–52, 73, 167
Ji (minor state), 11–12Ji (town in the state of Jin), 121Ji (town in the state of Lu), 56Ji (town in the state of Song), 29Ji (town to the north of the Wen River),
169Ji family (hereditary grand officers of the
state of Lu, a.k.a. Jisun family), 100 (and fn 29), 196 (fn 38), 226 (fn 44), 237–238 (and fns 10, 13), 242 (fn 28), 247, 249 (fn 5), 255–256 (and fn 10), 257 (and fn 15), 258
Ji Huanzi, see Jisun SiJi River, 63, 117Ji Zhengfu (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 131Jia (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 267Jia clan (of the Red Di), 162Jia Fu (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 36, 42Jiagu (town, location unknown), 257Jian (town in the state of Song), 25Jian (town in the state of Wei), 260Jian Shu (grand officer of the state of
Qin), 120 (and fn 60), 135 (fn 14)Jiang (minor state), 86, 87, 89, 95,
126–127Jiang Jiu Ru (group of Red Di
tribesmen), 169Jiang Rong (tribesmen), 120Jiantu (town in the state of Zheng), 113,
114 (and fn 31), 115Jiao (town in the state of Zhou), 235Jiao (see Dou Jiao)Jiaogang (town in the state of Jin), 178
Jie (legendary tyrant), 162 (and fn 33)Jie (minor state), 117Jiezi (pretender to the throne of the state
of Zhu Lou), 138 (and fn 28)Jifu (town in the state of Chu), 235–236
(and fns 1, 2)Jin (marquisate), 4, 85–86, 90, 93,
96–97, 112 (fn 22), 114, 115–116, 117, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138 (and fn 28), 139, 140, 142, 146, 147, 150, 152, 153, 156, 158–159 (and fn 23), 161, 162, 164, 165–166, 169, 170, 171 (and fn 33), 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182–183, 184, 185, 188, 189, 190, 191 (fn 18), 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214, 218, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 233, 235, 236 (and fns 3, 6), 237, 241, 247, 249, 253, 254 (and fn 3), 256, 259 (and fn 27), 263, 264 (and fn 4), 266, 267
rulers:Duke Xian (personal name Guizhu,
r. 676–651 BCE), 85–86, 89 (and fn 41), 95, 96
Xiqi (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 651 BCE), 95, 96, 97
Zhuozi (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 651 BCE), 28 (fn 5), 96, 97
Duke Hui (personal name Yiwu, r. 650–637 BCE), 96–97, 100 (and fn 31), 109
Duke Huai (personal name Yu, r. 637 BCE), 113 (fn 23)
Duke Wen (personal name Chong’er, r. 636–628), 97, 112–113 (and fn 23), 114, 117, 120, 226, 264 (fn 8); as leader of the feudal lords, 115; death of, 119
Duke Xiang (personal name Huan, r. 627–621 BCE), 120, 124, 126, 127, 128
I n d e x 289
Duke Ling (personal name Yihao, r. 620–607 BCE), 137, 147 (and fn 16), 150–151
Duke Cheng (personal name Heitun, r. 606–600 BCE), 151, 153–154
Duke Jing (personal name Nou, r. 599–581 BCE), 157, 160, 163, 165, 168, 169, 170, 172 (and fn 38), 173, 174, 175 (and fn 54)
Duke Li (personal name Zhoupu, r. 580–573), 177, 178, 180, 181–182, 183, 184; assassination of, 185
Duke Dao (personal name Zhou, r. 572–558 BCE), 185, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195 (and fn 36), 196, 197, 200
Duke Ping (personal name Biao, r. 557–532 BCE), 200 (and fn 18), 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 212, 219, 224
Duke Zhao (personal name Yi, r. 531–526 BCE), 228 (and fn 8), 230
Duke Qing (personal name Quji, r. 525–512 BCE), 233, 242
Duke Ding (personal name Wu, r. 511–475 BCE), 248 (fn 2), 249, 258, 259, 266
Jing (alternate name for the state of Chu), 58, 61, 62, 66, 72, 88 (see also Chu)
Jing Gui (formal wife of Duke Xiang of Lu), 225 (fn 36)
Jing Ying (consort of Duke Wen of Lu, mother of Duke Xuan), 142 (fn 52), 146 (fn 3), 152, 153
Jingcheng (supposed capital of the state of Zheng, though perhaps a misprint for another town), 196
Jinxiang (town in the state of Lu), 225Jinyang (town in the state of Jin), 259Jisun family, see Ji familyJisun Si (grand officer of the state of Lu),
253, 255–256 (and fn 8), 258, 264, 265
Jisun Su (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Jisun Xingfu), 192 (and
fn 24), 193, 194, 197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 219, 222
Jisun Xingfu (grand officer of the state of Lu, grandson of Prince You), 128, 136, 139, 140, 141, 143, 146, 156, 166, 171, 177, 182–183 (and fn 23), 191, 192 (fn 24)
Jisun Yinru (grand officer of the state of Lu), 224, 225, 228 (and fn 8), 229, 230, 242 (and fn 28), 252
Jiu, see Prince JiuJixitian (town or region of the state of
Lu), 146–147, 155Jize (town in the state of Jin), 189Ju (viscounty), 11, 13, 16, 23, 40, 58,
64, 70, 78, 83–84, 98, 110, 113, 114, 129, 130, 148–149 (and fn 22), 157, 163 (fn 37), 173, 174 (and fn 49), 178 (fn 5), 183, 187, 190–191, 192 (and fn 23), 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 203, 205, 206, 212, 214, 215, 219, 221, 224, 229, 231, 233, 245
rulers (partial list):Duke Ji (personal name
Shuji, r. ?–610 BCE), 143Duke Quqiu (personal name Zhu, r.
608–578 BCE), 172, 174 (and fn 49), 178
Duke Libi (personal name Mizhou, r. 577–543 BCE), 189, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 200, 201 (and fn 18), 203, 204, 206, 207; assassination of, 215
Zhan (personal name of short-lived ruler, alternate name Zhanyu, r. 542), 219 (and fn 10)
Duke Zhuqiu (personal name Quji, r. 541–529 BCE), 219 (and fn 9), 228, 229
Duke Jiao (personal name Kuang, r. 528, 518–481 BCE), 240, 249
Duke Gong (personal name Gengyu, r. 528–519 BCE), 235
Juan (town in the state of Wei), 61Jufu (town in the state of Lu), 260Juliang (town, location unknown), 200Junior Minister, 196Junior Serviceman, 196
I n d e x290
justice, 157, 158 (and 13), 183, 187, 193, 209 (and fn 13), 218, 224, 247–248, 264–265 (and fn 8)
Kaiyang (town in the state of Lu), 265Kan (town in the state of Lu), 39,
244–245 (and fn 38)Ke (town in the state of Qi), 60–61Ke (town in the state of Wei), 203Keling (town in the state of Zheng), 183Kong Da (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 159 (and fn 23)Kong Fu (grand officer of the state of
Song), 28–29, 59, 96Kong Ning (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 154 (fn 45), 157 (and fns 11, 12)
Kong Yu (grand officer of the state of Wei), 250
Kong Yuan (grand officer of the state of Chen), 210, 223
Kuai (grand officer of the state of Zhu Lou), 240
Kuai (minor state), 38Kuaikui (heir apparent of the state of
Wei), see under WeiKuang (town, probably in the state of
Song), 99Kui (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 156
(and fn 7)Kuiqiu (town in the state of Song), 95Kuo (minor state), 217Kuo River, 202 (and fn 23), 264
Lady Gong, see Eldest DaughterLady Meng (wife of Duke Zhao of Lu),
274 (and fn 2)Lady Second Daughter (of Duke Xi of
Lu, brother of Duke Wen of Lu), 134–135 (and fn 11)
Lady Second Daughter (of Duke Xi of Lu, married to Duke Zhao of Qi), 139 (and fn 34), 140 (and fn 39), 143 (fn 53)
Lady Second Daughter (of Duke Xuan of Lu, married to a Qi grand officer), 149
Lady Si (wife or consort of Duke Ding of Lu, mother of Duke Ai of Lu), 261
Lady Zi (mother of Duke Yin of Lu), 13
Lai (minor state), 151, 153, 192Lan (territory belonging to the state of
Zhu Lou), 242–244 (and fns 29, 35)
Lang (town in the state of Lu, fortified by Duke Yin), 24, 38, 41 (fn 29), 73, 141, 224
Lang (town in the state of Lu, visited by Duke Huan), 31, 50, 55, 58
leader of the feudal lords, 52, 81–82, 84–85, 89, 98–99, 115, 157, 209 (and fn 13), 247–248, 264–265 (and fn 8), 266
Legge, James, 5, 8 (fn 3), 14 (fn 17), 29 (fn 6), 31 (fn 22), 32 (fn 23), 33, (fn 27), 38 (fns 11, 12), 39 (fn 18), 40 (fn 27), 42 (fn 31), 43 (fn 33), 48 (fn 3), 49 (fns 4, 7), 66 (fn 15), 68 (fn 24), 77 (fn 24), 84 (fn 15), 89 (fn 39), 91 (fn 50), 94 (fns 2, 3), 95 (fn 8), 99 (fn 22), 100 (fn 27), 102 (fn 42), 104 (fn 54), 112 (fn 22), 113 (fns 23, 27), 114 (fn 31), 116 (fn 41), 121 (fn 64), 126 (fn 17), 149 (fns 25, 26), 154 (fn 45), 156 (fn 4), 161 (fn 31), 163 (fn 37), 170 (fn 24), 171 (fns 30, 33), 173 (fn 39), 188 (fn 6), 190 (fn 17), 192 (fn 23), 193 (fn 28), 196 (fn 38), 198 (fn 5), 199 (fn 14), 200 (fn 18), 203 (fn 26), 213 (fn 32), 219 (fns 10, 11), 219 (fn 11), 221 (fn 17), 222 (fn 19), 223 (fn 25), 225 (fn 41), 226 (fns 43, 44), 228 (fn 8), 237 (fn 10), 241 (fns 25, 26), 242 (fn 28), 243 (fn 32), 244–245 (fn 38), 253–254 (fns 1, 3), 255 (fn 8), 257 (fns 13, 15, 16), 259 (fn 27), 261 (fns 36, 37), 265 (fns 12, 13), 266 (fns 16, 17), 274 (fns 2, 4, 7)
Lesser Zhu Lou (minor state), 53 (and fn 17), 62, 91, 189, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 212, 214, 220, 228, 230, 237, 245, 250, 266
rulers: Lilai (personal name of untitled ruler), 53
Levenson, Joseph, 1
I n d e x 291
lewdness, 33, 66 (fn 9), 113 (and fn 23), 139, 154 (fn 45), 156 (fn 4), 243
Li (minor state), 99, 220Li (town in the state of Lu), 83Li (town in the state of Wei), 264Li (town in the state of Zheng), 43Li Gate, 79Li Ji (concubine of Duke Xian of Jin), 89
(fn 41), 96Li Ji (grand officer of the state of Jin),
see Li KeLi Ke (grand officer of the state of Jin),
95, 96–97Lian (younger brother of the Marquis of
Wei), see Prince LianLiang (minor state), 104Liang Maizi (grand officer of the state of
Lu), 243Liang Xiao (grand officer of the
state of Zheng), 196, 209, 210, 214
Liangqiu (town in the state of Song), 74lightning, 100Lin Nan (operative of Yang Hu of the
state of Lu), 255–256Linghu (town in the state of Jin), 129,
131 (fn 39)Liu (former capital of the state of
Zheng), 38–39Liu (town in the state of Lu), 199Liu (town in the state of Zhou), 147Liu Juan, see Viscount of Liu IILiu Xia (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 199Liu Xu (sub-group of the Red Di), 162Lizhen (town in the state of Lu), 184locusts, 33, 100, 126, 130, 151, 159,
161, 162, 192, 274, 275logic, 1, 2–3, 215 (fn 37)lords, see feudal lordsLu (dukedom), 1, 4, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14
(and fn 17), 21, 23, 25, 28, 29, 32, 35, 36, 38, 41, 44 (fn 42), 48, 49, 50, 54, 55–56, 57, 59, 61 (fn 25), 64, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78–79, 87, 89, 90, 99, 102 (and fn 38), 104, 105 (fn 59), 110, 111, 114, 117, 118, 126, 130, 131, 134, 135 (fn 11), 136–137 (and fn 21), 139–140, 142, 149
(fn 22), 153 (fn 40), 155, 163 (and fn 37), 166, 167–168, 170, 171 (and fn 31), 172, 174 (and fns 44, 50), 180–181, 191 (and fns 18, 21), 192 (and fn 23), 194, 195, 197, 198 (and fn 5), 199, 200 (and fn 18), 201, 202 (and fn 23), 204, 205, 207, 211, 218, 220, 222 (and fn 21), 223, 224, 228, 231, 235, 238, 240, 242–243, 244–245 (and fns 38, 39), 248 (and fn 4), 250 (and fns 10, 11), 252 (fn 18), 254 (and fn 3), 255, 257, 259, 260, 267 (and fn 19), 269, 270, 273, 274 (fn 2); capital of, 78–79, 174, 203, 253, 266, (see also Qufu); creation of, 136–137
rulers:Duke Kao (personal name You, r.
998–995 BCE), 248 (fn 3)Duke Yang (personal name
Xi, r. 994–989 BCE), 248 (and fn 3)
Duke Wu (personal name Ao, r. 825–816 BCE), 171 (and fn 30), 229, 242–243 (and fn 32)
Duke Yi (personal name Xi, r. 815–808 BCE), 243 (and fn 32)
Boyu (personal name of untitled ruler, r. 806–796 BCE), 243 (fn 32)
Duke Xiao (personal name Cheng, r. 795–769 BCE)
Duke Hui (personal name Fuhuang, r. 768–723), 9–10, 13 (fn 8), 21 (fn 10)
Duke Yin (personal name Xigu, r. 722–712 BCE), 3, 4, 10 (fn 20), 11, 12, 13 (and fn 8), 16, 21 (and fn 10), 22 (and fn 12), 24, 25, 27; reluctance to assume dukedom, 7–8, 9, 13, 20 (and fn 5), 26; worthiness of, 8, 29; assassination foretold, 16–17; reproached for excess, 19, 20, 25; previously captured at battle of Hurang, 21; meeting with nondescript men, 23; assassination of, 25–26
I n d e x292
Lu (dukedom)—continuedDuke Huan (personal name Yun,
r. 711–694 BCE), 3, 4, 7–8, 10 (fn 20), 20, 26, 28, 29, 30, 33, 37–38 (and fn 11), 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 48–49, 66, 67, 196 (fn 38), 237 (fn 10), 265 (and fn 13); involvement in assassination of Duke Yin, 16–17; ambition of, 27; worthlessness of, 29; marriage of, 31; excessive piety of, 36, 41–42; assassination of, 45, 47–48
Duke Zhuang (personal name Tong, r. 693–662 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 33, 50, 53, 58, 59–60, 62, 63, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 84 (and fn 16), 85, 126, 127 (fn 20), 180 (fn 11); feelings toward mother, 47–48, 65; socializing with Duke Xiang of Qi, 52; battles with the state of Qi, 56–57; won over by Duke Huan of Qi, 60–61; meeting with grand officers, 65; marriage of, 65–67 (and fns 15, 16); conspiracy against, 70; death of, 75
(Sir) Ban (personal name of short-lived ruler), 74, 75–76, 78
Duke Min (personal name Qifang, r. 661–660 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 76 (and fn 18), 77; assassination of, 78, 81 (and fn 1), 83, 84 (and fn 16), 255 (fn 7)
Duke Xi (personal name Shen, r. 659–627 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 78, 81 (and fn 1), 83, 87, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 110, 111, 112 (and fn 22), 113–114 (and fn 27), 116 (and fn 41), 117, 121, 124, 127 (and fn 20), 132, 135 (fn 11), 265; death of, 121; posthumous alteration in ranking of, 125, 255 (fn 7)
Duke Wen (personal name Xing, r. 626–609 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 81 (fn 1), 123, 124 (fn 8), 125 (fn 13), 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133 (fn 3), 135 (fn 11),
137, 138, 142, 152, 170 (fn 24), 179, 255; marriage of, 127; illness and neglectfulness of, 141; death of, 142
Duke Xuan (personal name Tui, r. 608–591 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 142 (fn 52), 145, 146, 147 (fn 11), 148–149, 151, 152 (fn 33), 153, 155, 156, 162, 163 (and fn 37), 164, 169, 173 (fn 39), 179–180
Duke Cheng (personal name Heigong, r. 590–573 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 165, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173 (and fn 39), 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181–182, 182–183, 184, 185, 190 (fn 17)
Duke Xiang (personal name Wu, r. 572–542 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197 (and fn 3), 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 211 (fns 18, 19), 215 (and fn 39), 225 (fn 36)
Duke Zhao (personal name Chou, r. 541–510 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 217, 217, 219 (and fn 11), 221, 222, 225 (and fn 36), 226, 228 (and fn 8), 229, 230, 233, 236, 240, 241 (and fns 25, 26), 242 (and fn 28), 244–245 (and fn 38), 247, 248, 253–254 (fn 1), 274; exile of, 237–239 (and fns 10, 11, 16, 17)
Duke Ding (personal name Song, r. 509–495 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 247 (and fn 1), 248 (and fn 3), 249 (and fn 5), 250, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 260, 261
Duke Ai (personal name Jiang, r. 494–467 BCE), 10 (fn 20), 261, 263, 269, 270, 273, 274, 275 (fn 10)
Lu (minor state), 127Lu clan (of the Red Di), 161
leader: Sir Lu (personal name Yinger), 161
Lu Gate, 78Lu Xu (grand officer of the state of Ji),
3, 4, 12, 13 (fn 9)
I n d e x 293
Lu-Ji (town on the border between the states of Lu and Cao), 73
Luan Shi (grand officer of the state of Qi), 224
Luan Shu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 171 (and fn 33), 173, 174, 185 (fn 40)
Luan Yan (grand officer of the state of Jin), 181, 187
Luan Ying (grand officer of the state of Jin), 204, 205
Luo (group of Rong tribesmen), 130Luo (town in the state of Qi), 45Luogu (town in the state of Qi), 77Luolin (town in the minor state of
Xu), 100Luqiu (town in the state of Zhu
Lou), 204Lushang (town in the state of
Song), 105
maids, 64, 94, 173, 175Maling (town in the state of Wei), 172Mao Rong (tribesmen), 165–166 (and
fn 2)Maorong, see Mao RongMarquis Shen (grand officer of the state
of Zheng), 91marriage, see weddingsmarshalling (military), 223, 225, 233,
259, 260marvels, 13, 24, 36, 41, 54, 62, 74, 86,
97, 99, 100–101, 121, 125, 126, 132, 138, 170, 181, 230, 213, 237, 248, 274, 275
massacre, 62Master Baili, see Baili XiMaster Beigong, 266Master Cao (grand officer of the state of
Lu), 60–61Master Gao (Gongyang commentator),
127Master Gao, see Gao Xi (grand officer of
the state of Qi)Master Gonghu (grand officer of
the state of Zhu Lou), 244Master Gongyang, 33, 149Master Guan (grand officer of the state
of Qi), 61 (and fn 24), 134 (fn 7)Master Jian Shu, see Jian Shu
Master Lu, 50 (and fn 12), 67, 90, 104, 109, 114
Master Min, 146Master Ru, 77Master Shen, 26 (and fn 27), 58, 248Master Sima, 73mediation, 148–149Mencius, 65 (fn 6), 162 (fn 33)Meng (town in the state of Cao), 232Meng family (hereditary grand officers
of the state of Lu, a.k.a. Mengsun family), 196 (fn 38), 237 (fn 10), 239 (fn 18), 255–256 (and fns 9, 10), 258 (fn 23)
Mengsun family, see Meng familymeteorites, 100–101Mi (town in the state of Ju), 13Middle Brother Sui, see Prince SuiMie (town, location unknown), 8Min (town in the state of Song),
108, 111Mr. Cui, see Cui ZhuMr. Yin (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 14 (and fn 15)Mo (frontier people), 162 (and fn 33)mockery, see criticismmothers, 12, 13, 20, 47–48, 109–110,
119, 127 (and fn 20), 135, 141 (fn 42), 142, 146 (and fn 3), 153, 156 (fn 4), 157 (fn 11), 167, 190, 225 (and fn 36), 251, 261 (and fn 37)
Mou (minor state), 43, 90Mou Yi (grand officer of the state of Ju),
221 (and fn 18)Moulou I (town initially in the earldom
of Qi), 16, 221Moulou II (town, location unknown), 162Mount Liang, 170Mount Tai, 23, 44, 118Mount Xing (in the state of Chu), 87mourning, 77–78, 95 (fn 6), 110 (fn
15), 124, 125–125, 130–131, 135, 145, 146 (and fns 4, 7), 164, 172, 179–180, 202, 236, 267, 268
Muqiu (town in the state of Qi), 99music, 229mutiny, 232myna birds, 237
I n d e x294
Nan Ji (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 24
Nang Wa (grand officer of the state of Chu), 251 (and fn 15)
Nangong Wan (grand officer of the state of Song), 59–60, 66 (fn 13)
Nanli (district of the capital of the state of Song), 233
Nanyang (territory of the state of Qi), 78Nanying (capital of the state of Chu),
251New Palace, see templeNi (grand officer of the state of Lu), 50Ni, see Lesser Zhu LouNian (younger brother of Duke Xi of
Qi), 22, 31Nianfu (younger brother of King Jing of
Zhou), 214Niebei (town, location unknown), 81niece of Tong of the state of Xiao (Duke
Qing of Qi’s mother), 167–168 (and fn 10)
nieces, 64Ning Su (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 110Ning Xi (grand officer of the
state of Wei, son of Ning Zhi), 208 (and fn 7), 209 (and fn 13), 210–211 (and fns 14, 16)
Ning Yu (grand officer of the state of Wei), 127
Ning Zhi (grand officer of the state of Wei), 187, 188, 200, 210
Ningwu (town in the state of Lu), 91
Nuli (town, location unknown), 133nobility, 8, 22, 53, 57, 65, 90, 135, 138Northern Rong, 96 (and fn 14)
oaths, 61, 93, 210 (see also pacts)“official stories,” 57, 112, 130, 139,
140, 172, 173, 220, 269omens, see portentsoutlaws, 195, 266, 275, see also thievesOuyi (town in the state of Lu), 40
pacts, 8, 10, 13, 15, 21, 23, 28, 30, 38, 40, 41, 44, 56, 60–61, 65, 67, 70, 77, 86, 87–88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 95, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106,
110, 112, 113, 116, 119, 124, 125, 126, 129, 130, 133, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 151, 157, 159, 163, 165, 166–168, 169, 170, 171 (fn 31), 172, 174, 177, 180, 183, 185, 189–190, 192, 194, 196, 198, 200, 201, 203, 207, 210, 212, 222 (and fn 22), 225, 228, 240, 249, 250, 254 (and fns 10, 11), 255, 258, 264, see also accords
patricide, 124, 213, 214 (fn 35)peace, 222, 257, 258peas, 248Peng (town in the state of Ji), 49Pengcheng (town in the state of Song),
185, 187Pengya (town in the state of Qin), 124pests, 63petitioning (for grain), 72Pi Zhengfu (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 97 (and fn 17)Pingqiu (town in the state of Wei), 228Pingyang (town in the state of Lu), 153Pingzhou (town on the border of Lu and
Qi), 146Pipu (town in the state of Lu), 225,
259, 260pity, 52, 59, 73, 140, 158, 160, 214,
215plenty, see harvestsplunder, 54, 74, 105–106Polaris, 230poison, 75portents, 100, 162 (and fn 34), 275–276praise, 8Precious Jade, 255–256preparations, military, 165Prime Minister of the Left (personal
name Bo, grand officer of the state of Song, son of Duke Mu), 15
Prince Bi (grand officer of the state of Chu), 219, 227–228 (and fns 2, 4, 5)
Prince Ce (grand officer of the state of Chu), 160–161, 181 (and fn 21)
Prince Chengfu (Zhou prince, later grand officer of the state of Qi), 134 (and fn 7)
I n d e x 295
Prince Chi (grand officer of the state of Song), 257, 258
Prince Fa (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 190, 195
Prince Fei (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 195
Prince Fuchu, see Duke Cheng of CaoPrince Guisheng (grand officer of the
state of Zheng), 147, 149Prince Guo (grand officer of the state of
Chen, younger brother of Duke Ai of Chen), 223 (and fn 28)
Prince Hu (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 126 (and fn 17)
Prince Hui (grand officer of the state of Lu), 16, 22 (fn 11), 24, 31
Prince Jie (grand officer of the state of Chu), 259, 271
Prince Jie (grand officer of the state of Lu), 64
Prince Jizha (grand officer and unwilling ruler of the state of Wu), 212–213 (and fns 23, 25, 28, 30)
Prince Jiu (brother of Duke Xiang of Qi), 56, 57
Prince Kou (brother of Duke Hui of Lu, uncle of Duke Yin), 21 (and fn 7)
Prince Lian (younger brother of Duke Xian of Wei), 210
Prince Liu (grand officer of the state of Chen, son of Duke Ai of Chen), 223
Prince Lu (grand officer of the state of Cai, younger brother of Prince Xie), 203 (and fn 31)
Prince Mai (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Duke Zhuang of Lu), 112 (and fn 22)
Prince Muyi (grand officer of the state of Song, common-born older brother of Duke Xiang of Song), 105–106, 108 (fn 4)
Prince Pengsheng (grand officer of the state of Qi), 48
Prince Qiji (grand officer of the state of Chu), 224, 227–228, see also King Ping of Chu
Prince Qingfu (grand officer of the state of Lu, brother of Duke Zhuang), 49 (and fn 7), 70 (and fn 33),
75, 76, 77 (and fns 22, 23), 78, 83–84, 124 (fn 6), 153 (fn 39)
Prince Qiu (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 180
Prince Quji (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 169
Prince Renfu (grand officer of the state of Chu), 188, 191
Prince Shen I (grand officer of the state of Chu), 189
Prince Shen II (grand officer of the state of Chu), 275
Prince Shou (grand officer of the state of Cao), 166
Prince Si (grand officer of the state of Cai), 264 (and fn 6)
Prince Sui (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Duke Zhuang of Lu), 111, 114, 117, 121, 125, 128, 130, 131, 134, 141, 142, 145, 146, 151, 152 (and fns 30, 33), 156 (fn 5), 166 (fn 4), 179–180 (and fns 7, 11), 202 (fn 25)
Prince Tuoren (grand officer of the state of Chen), 259
Prince Wei (grand officer of the state of Chu), 217, see also King Ling of Chu
Prince Wu (grand officer of the state of Chu), 201
Prince Xi (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 178, 181, 203
Prince Xia (member of the royal family of the state of Zhou), 214
Prince Xie (grand officer of the state of Cai), 193, 203 (and fn 31)
Prince Xishi (grand officer of the state of Cao, son of Duke Xuan of Cao, father of Gongsun Hui), 182, 232 (and fn 20)
Prince Xisi (grand officer of the state of Lu, brother of Duke Zhuang), 83
Prince Ya (grand officer of the state of Lu, brother of Duke Zhuang), 70, 74–75, 76, 78
Prince Yan (common-born younger brother of Duke Cheng of Lu), 183 (and fn 33)
I n d e x296
Prince Yangsheng (nonexistent person, name derived from misreading of text), 226 (and fn 42)
Prince Yangsheng (a.k.a. Duke Dao of Qi), see under Qi
Prince Yihui (grand officer of the state of Ju), 229
Prince Yingqi (grand officer of the state of Chu), 158–159, 168 (and fn 17), 171, 172, 174, 189
Prince Yishi (grand officer of the state of Lu), 10
Prince You, (grand officer of the state of Lu, brother of Duke Zhuang, a.k.a. the Youngest Prince), 69 (and fn 27), 70, 74–75, 77, 78, 83–84, 87, 91, 98, 101, 128 (fn 22)
Prince Yukou (grand officer of the state of Song), 65
Prince Zhao (grand officer of the state of Chen, younger brother of Duke Ai of Chen), 217, 222, 223 (and fn 28)
Prince Zhao (son of King Ying of Zhou), see Prince Zhao of Zhou
Prince Zhen (grand officer of the state of Chu), 191, 192, 194, 195, 198, 199
Prince Zheng (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Duke Xiang of Lu), 226 (and fn 44)
Prince Zhouxu (grand officer of the state of Wei, son of Duke Zhuang, brother of Duke Huan), 16 (and fn 24, 25), 17 (and fn 32)
Prince Zhuishu (grand officer of the state of Chu), 204
prisons, 233private, 265propriety, 30, 31, 32, 42, 48, 66, 67,
69, 70, 94, 118, 123, 127, 131, 132, 142 (fn 49), 149 (fn 26), 152 (fn 33), 156, 158–159, 169, 171, 175, 190 (fn 17), 192, 229, 248 (and fn 3), 253 (and fn 1), 261
Pu (town in the state of Chen), 17Pu (town in the state of Wei), 30, 174Pu Shrine, 266 (and fn 17)
public, 265punishment, see justice
Qi (earldom), 16, 30, 69, 70, 98, 111, 135 (fn 11), 164, 188, 198, 212, 214, 225, 245
rulers (partial list):Duke Cheng (personal name
unknown, r. 654–637 BCE), 109Duke Huan (personal name
Gurong, r. 636–567 BCE), 111, 134, 135 (fn 11), 170 (and fn 24), 172, 173–174, 185, 192
Duke Xiao (personal name Gai, r. 566–550 BCE), 194, 195, 196, 200, 201, 203, 204, 205
Duke Wen (personal name Yigu, r. 549–536 BCE), 206, 207, 212, 222
Duke Ping (personal name Yu, alternate name Yuli, r. 535–518 BCE), 228, 237
Duke Dao (personal name Cheng, alternate name Wu, r. 517–506 BCE), 250
Duke Xi (personal name Sui, alternate name Guo, r. 505–487 BCE), 270
Qi (marquisate), 2, 4, 9, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43–44, 45, 47, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65–66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 81–82, 82–83, 84, 88, 89, 91, 94, 96, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 121, 124, 125, 127, 131, 134 (and fn 7), 138 (and fn 30), 139–140, 142, 143, 145, 146, 147 (and fn 11), 148, 149, 151, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 163, 164, 166, 167–168, 172, 173, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180 (and fn 11), 183, 184, 185, 198, 199, 200 (fn 18), 201, 202, 203, 206, 208 (fn 4), 214, 219 (and fn 9), 220, 222 (and fn 21), 224, 226, 237, 239, 240, 241, 254 (and fn 3), 257, 264 (fn 8), 270, 271, 273
I n d e x 297
rulers:Duke Ai (personal name Buchen, r.
?–863 BCE), 51Duke Xi (personal name Lufu, r.
730–698 BCE), 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 38, 40, 42
Duke Xiang (personal name Zhu’er, r. 697–686 BCE), 43 (and fn 32), 44, 54; incestuous relationship with sister Wen Jiang, 31 (fn 19), 45 (fn 45), 50 (and fn 8), 51, 54; orders assassination of Duke Huan of Lu, 45 (fn 45), 47–48; destruction of them state of Ji by, 49, 51–52; assassination of, 56
Wuzhi (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 686 BCE), 56
Duke Huan (personal name Xiaobai, r. 685–643), 57, 58, 59 (fn 15), 60, 62, 66, 67, 70, 73, 74, 77, 78, 83, 86, 87–89, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 109 (fn 9), 134 (fn 7), 226, 264 (fn 8); faithfulness of, 60–61; reestablishment of state of Xing by, 81–82; reestablishment of state of Wei by, 84–85; described in terms befitting king, 88; excesses of, 91 (and fn 48); interference in Duke Xi of Lu’s wedding by, 94 (and fn 4); overbearing tendency of, 95; reestablishment of the earldom of Qi by, 98–99; editorial protection for, 102; death of, 102
Duke Xiao (personal name Zhao, r. 642–633 BCE), 108, 111
Duke Zhao (personal name Pan, r. 632–613 BCE), 113, 114, 119, 137, 139 (fns 32, 34)
She (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 613 BCE), 139 (and fn 32)
Duke Yi (personal name Shangren, r. 612–609 BCE), 139 (and fn 32), 140, 141, 142
Duke Hui (personal name Yuan), r. 608–599 BCE), 146, 148, 151, 153, 155, 156
Duke Qing (personal name Wuye, r. 598–582 BCE), 156, 160, 166–168, 170, 172 (and fn 38), 174
Duke Ling (personal name Huan, r. 581–554 BCE), 175, 178, 181, 183, 192, 199, 200, 201, 202 (and fns 22, 24), 203 (and fn 26)
Duke Zhuang (personal name Guang, r. 553–548 BCE), 189, 191, 194, 195, 196, 202 (and fns 22, 24), 203, 204, 205; assassination of, 207 (and fn 1)
Duke Jing (personal name Chujiu, r. 547–490 BCE), 209, 222, 228, 230, 233, 237–239 (and fn 17), 240, 241, 253–254 (and fn 1), 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 267
Yan Ruzi (style of short-lived ruler, personal name Tu, alternate name She, r. 489), 267–268 (and fn 22)
Duke Dao (personal name Yangsheng, r. 488–485), 267–268 (and fns 21–24), 270
Qi (town in the state of Lu), 261Qi (town in the state of Wei), 124, 180,
188, 189, 191, 199, 209 (and fn 8), 264
Qi (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 204Qi Miming (soldier of the state of Jin),
150–151Qian (town in the state of Lu), 11Qili (town in the state of Zheng), 25Qin (earldom), 97 (fn 15), 113, 114,
116, 117, 120, 124, 125, 126, 127, 129, 132, 133, 135, 141, 147, 152, 161, 168, 174, 178, 195, 196, 198, 221 (and fn 20)
rulers:Duke Mu (personal name Renhao,
r. 659–621 BCE), 100, 120; worthiness of, 135 (and fns 13, 14)
Duke Kang (personal name Ying, r. 620–609 BCE), 135, 142
Duke Gong (personal name He, alternate names Dao and Duan, r. 608–605), 149
I n d e x298
Qin (earldom)—continuedDuke Huan (personal name Rong, r.
603–577 BCE), 179Duke Jing (personal name Shi, r.
576–537 BCE), 218, 221 (and fn 20), 222
Duke Ai (personal name unknown, r. 536–501 BCE), 256
Duke Hui (personal name unknown, r. 500–492 BCE), 266
Qin (town in the state of Lu), 74Qing (grand officer of the state of Ju),
70, 110Qing (town in the state of Wei), 16Qing Feng (grand officer of the state of
Qi), 209, 211, 220Qing Hu (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 205Qing Xiong, see Jing YingQing Yin (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 205Qingqiu (town in the state of Wei), 159Qinru (town, probably in the state of
Lu), 256 (and fn 9)Qiu Mu (grand officer of the state of
Song), 28 (fn 5), 59–60, 96Qu (town in the state of Jin), 85Qu Bojiu (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 32 (and fn 23)Qu Jian (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 208, 210Qu Shen (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 221Qu Wan (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 87–88Quan (minor state), 134Queen (Youngest Daughter of the
Marquis of Ji, married into the royal Zhou house), 36–37
Queen, Heavenly (native of the state of Qi, presumably married to King Ling of Zhou), 199
Qufu (capital of the state of Lu), 175 (fn 51)
Quhe (town, location unknown), 133Quji (town in the state of Song), 239Qupu (town in the state of Wei), 255Quxiao (town, location unknown), 261Quwo (town in the state of Jin), 205Quyin (town in the state of Wei), 225
rain, 74, 86, 87, 125, 133, 136, 181 (see also sacrifices for rain, drought)
ranks, feudal, 5, 20, 22 (and fn 11)razing (of towns), 258Red Di (tribesmen), 148, 149, 162, see
also Lu clan, Jia clan, Liu Xu, Jiang Jiu Ru
reestablishment (of states), see enfeoffment
regicide, 75, 195 (fn 37), 224relief (military), 50, 72, 77, 91, 99, 111,
112 (fn 22), 159, 251 (see also rescue)
remonstrance, 68, 86, 105–106 (and fn 62), 107–108 (and fn 4), 120, 128, 135 (fn 14), 154 (fn 45), 158–159, 193, 255
Reng Shu’ son (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 32
reproach, 200, see also criticismrepudiation, 109requests (for military commitments), 42,
178, 181, 182–183, 184, 185, see also begging, tribute
rescue (military), 81–82, 85, 99, 102, 103, 112 (and fn 22), 126–127, 131, 147, 154, 159, 171, 172, 191 (fn 33), 195, 197, 199, 205, 269, 271, see also relief
restoration (of rulers or rulers or grand officers), 42, 114, 115–116
revenge, 26, 51–52, 57, 243, 251, 274reviews, military, 33revolt, 87, 209, 227 (fn 1), 257 (and
fn 16)ridicule, see criticismrighteousness, 213, 224, 228Rong (tribesmen), 11, 12, 22, 30, 63,
64, 68, 69, 74 (see also Shan Rong, Northern Rong, Jiang Rong, Yi, Luo, Bihun, Mao Rong)
Rong Man (tribesmen), 230, 266leaders (partial list): Chi, 266
Rong Shu I (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 48
Rong Shu II (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 127
Rongcheng (new capital of the state of Xu)
Rou (grand officer of the state of Lu), 39
I n d e x 299
rout, 126, see also battleRoyal City, 234 (and fn 28)Royal Gate, 248–249 (and fn 4)royal house, see Zhou (kingdom)royal princess (married to Duke Huan of
Qi), 59royal princess (married to Duke Xiang of
Qi), 48, 49–50 (and fns 8, 9)Ru (grand officer of the state of Ju), 83
(and fn 12)Ru Shu (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 68Ruo (minor state), 127
sacrifices, 23, 36, 66, 68, 69, 73, 94, 136–137, 140, 152, 225 (fn 41), 238, 251, 260 (see also sacrifices for rain, First Taste sacrifice, soldiers’ sacrifice, Environs Sacrifice, Three-from-Afar Sacrifice, Great Sacrifice, day-after sacrifice)
sacrifices for rain, 32, 97, 98, 169, 172, 191, 194, 200, 201, 211, 220, 222, 223, 230, 237, 248, 254, 255, 258
sage kings, see Yao, Shun, and Yusarcasm, see criticismsatire, see criticismseasons, see calendarSecond Brother Zhai (grand officer of
the state of Zheng), 38–39, 43seizure (of persons), see capture, arrestSenior Minister, 196Senior Serviceman, 196seniority (birth order), 8, 138 (and
fn 31)settlement (compensation), 146–147Shalu (mountain or town), 99shame, 228, 236shaming, see criticismShan (personal name of a grand officer
of the state of Song, a.k.a. Sir Commander Shan), 180
Shan Rong, 73Shandao (town in the state of Wu), 191Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BCE),
101 (fn 33), 108 (and fn 2), 126 (fn 18), 194 (fn 32), 266 (and fn 17)
Shangren (town in the state of Jin), 204Shao Bo (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 127Shaoling (town in the state of Chu),
87–88, 250Shasui (town in the state of Song),
181–182, 204Shaze (town in the state of Wei), 254Shaze (town, probably in the state of
Jin), 178Shen (viscounty), 126 (and fn 16), 220,
221, 235–236, 250rulers (partial list):
Ying (personal name of ruler, d. 519 BCE), 235–236
Jia (personal name of ruler, d. 506 BCE), 250
Shen (town in the state of Cai), 58Shen (town in the state of Chu), 220,
224Shen Chu, see Marquis ShenSheng Jiang (wife of Duke Xi of
Lu, daughter of Duke Huan of Qi), 97 (and fn 18), 102, 141, 142
Shengxing (town in the state of Lu), 107Shensheng (personal name of the heir
apparent of the state of Jin, who never ruled), 89 (and fn 41), 96
Sheyuan (town, probably in the state of Lu), 259
Shi (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 198 (and fn 5)
Shi E (grand officer of the state of Wei), 210–211 (and fn 16), 217
Shi Gai (grand officer of the state of Jin), 185, 194, 198, 199, 202, 203
Shi Gu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 131
Shi Hou (son of Shi Que), 17 (fn 32)Shi Hu (grand officer of the state of Jin),
125Shi Jishe (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 259Shi Mai (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 201Shi Mangu (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 264–265Shi Ou (grand officer of the state of
Song), 257, 258
I n d e x300
Shi Peng (grand officer of the state of Jin), 185, 197
Shi Que (grand officer of the state of Wei), 17 (fn 32)
Shi Shang (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 260
Shi Xie (grand officer of the state of Jin), 173, 180
Shi Yang (grand officer of the state of Jin), 212, 233, 240, 250, 252
Shimen (town in the state of Qi), 15Shishu Shen (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 245Shishu Qi (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 212, 273Shoudai (town in the state of Wei)Shu (minor state), 87, see also Shu Liao,
Shu Yong, Shu JiuShu (town in the state of Lu), 168Shu family (hereditary grand officers
of the state of Lu, a.k.a. Shusun family), 196 (fn 38), 237 (fn 10), 255–256 (and fn 9), 257 (and fn 16)
Shu Fu (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 123
Shu Gong (grand officer of the state of Lu, son of Shu Lao), 214, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224, 227, 229, 233 (fn 24)
Shu Huan (grand officer of the state of Lu), 258, 267
Shu Ji (grand officer of the state of Zhu Lou), 204
Shu Jiu (subdivision of state/tribe of Shu), 208
Shu Lao (grand officer of the state of Lu), 198, 200, 203, 204
Shu Liao (tribesmen), 152Shu Ni (grand officer of the state of Lu),
237, 241 (and fn 25)Shu Pengsheng (grand officer of the
state of Lu), 134 (and fn 4), 137Shu Shu, see under Zhu LouShu Yang (grand officer of the state of
Lu, son of Shu Gong), 233, 235Shu Yong (minor state), 184Shu Zuo (grand officer of the state of
Lu, son of Shu Gong), 233 (and fn 24)
Shudiao (eunuch of the state of Qi), 103Shun (sage king), see Yao and ShunShusun Bao (grand officer of the state of
Lu, younger brother of Shusun Qiaoru), 189 (and fn 11), 190, 192, 198, 199, 200, 203, 205, 206, 210, 217, 220
Shusun Bugan (grand officer of the state of Lu), 252
Shusun Dechen (grand officer of the state of Lu), 124 (and fn 5), 126, 131, 134, 142, 149
Shusun family, see Shu familyShusun Qiaoru (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 166, 169, 170, 171, 173, 177, 178, 179, 180, 183, 189 (fn 11)
Shusun She (grand officer of the state of Lu), 222, 224, 235, 237, 239
Shusun Zhouqiu (grand officer of the state of Lu), 257, 258, 263, 264, 265, 266
Shuxi (younger brother of Duke Xuan of Lu), 163
Shuzhong Huibo (grand officer of the state of Lu), 179
Si Hong (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 269
sieges, 21, 38, 55, 58, 91, 103, 106, 108, 110, 111, 116, 117, 119, 126, 135, 148, 154, 158, 160, 169, 174, 187, 190, 192, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 224, 227, 235, 239, 250, 252, 253, 257, 258, 263, 264, 266, 269
Sir Ai, see Gao AiSir Chi (Duke Wen of Lu’s heir apparent
who never ruled), 142–143, 147 (and fn 11), 152, 179
Sir Fan, see Prince CeSir Ji, see Prince JizhaSir Lu (disciple of Confucius), 276Sir Jiu, see Prince JiuSir Tu (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 53Sir Ye (son of Duke Xiang of Lu), 215Sir Yu, see Cheng Dechensisters, 29, 64, 135, 225 (fn 36)slighting, 33sneak attack, 120, see also surprise attack
I n d e x 301
snow, 36, 220soft-silk ceremony, 146soldiers’ sacrifice, 55Son of Heaven, 14 (and fn 12), 20, 23,
27, 37, 44, 48, 51, 52, 54, 81–82, 84–85, 95, 98–99, 113–114, 115, 118, 130–131, 147, 156, 157, 173, 177, 178, 235, 236, 238, 243, 244, 260 (see also Zhou [kingdom])
“son of the Wu family” (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 4, 14
Song (dukedom) 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 38–39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 53, 58, 59–60, 61, 62, 64, 64, 66 (fn 13), 69, 72, 81–82, 89, 100–101, 102, 103, 105, 108, 110, 111, 112, 113 (and fn 23), 116, 117 (fn 45), 125, 126, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 141, 142, 147, 148, 154, 156, 159, 160–161, 168, 170, 171, 174, 180, 181, 185, 187, 188, 189, 193, 194 (and fn 32), 195 (and fn 36), 196, 198, 200, 201, 203, 209, 210, 213, 214, 224, 231, 233, 237, 259, 260, 261, 266, 267, 269, 270, 273, 274
rulers:Duke Xuan (personal name Li, r.
747–729 BCE), 15Duke Mu (personal name He, r.
728–720 BCE), 14 (and fn 18), 15
Duke Shang (personal name Yuyi, r. 719–711 BCE), 15, 16 (and fn 26), 23; assassinated, 28
Duke Zhuang (personal name Ping, r. 710–692 BCE), 15, 28 (fn 4), 39, 40, 43, 50
Duke Min (personal name Jie, r. 691–682 BCE), 28 (fn 5), 59–60
Duke Huan (personal name Yuyue, r. 681–651 BCE), 61, 62, 70, 74, 83, 86, 87, 90, 91, 93, 95
Duke Xiang (personal name Zifu, r. 650–637 BCE), 95 (and fn 6), 98, 99, 101, 102–103, 105, 107;
capture by King Cheng of Chu, 105–106, 111–112; defeat at battle of Hong River, 107–108; death of, 108
Duke Cheng (personal name Wangchen, r. 636–620 BCE), 113, 114, 125, 129
Duke Zhao (personal name Chujiu, r. 619–611 BCE), 138, 141
Duke Wen (personal name Bao, r. 610–589 BCE), 147, 151, 153, 168, 169
Duke Gong (personal name Xia, alternate name Gu, r. 588–576 BCE), 168, 169, 170, 172, 173 (and fn 39), 174, 175, 178, 180, 213 (fn 32)
Duke Ping (personal name Cheng, alternate name Xu, r. 575–532 BCE), 180, 183, 184, 185, 189, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 224
Duke Yuan (personal name Zuo, r. 531–517 BCE), 220, 226, 228, 231, 239 (and fn 16)
Duke Jing (personal name Touman, r. 516–469 BCE), 249, 257 (fn 19), 258, 260, 269, 270
sons, 264, 265sovereignty, 29 (fn 10), 105–106 (and fn
62), 195, 256 (fn 11)spirit tablets, 124, 125Spring and Autumn Annals, The, 1, 2, 4,
5, 12, 14, 21, 22, 25, 26, 32 (fn 24), 37, 47, 51, 54, 68 (fn 22), 71, 73, 77, 101, 103, 107, 115, 163 (fn 36), 166, 171, 180–181, 213, 217, 226, 265; purpose of, 276 (and fn 13)
Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BCE), 77
Springs Pavilion, 141stars (including constellations, shooting
stars), 54“stems and branches,” 4, 237Su (barony), 10, 23, 58Su Shi (a.k.a. Su Dongpo, 1037–1101),
94 (fns 3, 4)
I n d e x302
succession, 15, 42, 47, 74–75, 81, 87, 123, 130–131, 138 (and fn 31), 145, 165, 179–180, 187, 188 (fn 8), 212–213, 217, 221 (and fn 20), 225, 232 (and fn 22), 234 (and fn 29), 236, 242–244, 247, 248, 263, 268
Sui (minor state), 60, 62Sui (marquisate), 104, 263Sui (grand officer of the state of Qin),
see Xi QishuSun He (grand officer of the state of
Zheng), 219Sun Liangfu (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 151, 166, 169, 171Sun Linfu (grand officer of the state of
Wei, son of Sun Liangfu), 172, 178, 180, 188, 189, 191, 192, 199, 202, 209 (and fn 8), 210
Sun Mian (grand officer of the state of Wei), 149
surprise attack, 205, 231, 236 (and fn 2)
Ta (town, location unknown), 137 (and fn 22)
taboos, 21, 25, 29, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 65, 74, 81, 97, 98, 102, 106, 108, 115, 117, 153, 171, 189, 193, 198, 232, 269, 274 (and fn 2), see also disagreeable notions
Tai (town in the state of Lu), 197taking (easy military victory), 270, 274Tan I (minor state), 58Tan II (minor state), 148, 163 (fn 37),
172, 173, 192, 230Tan (town in the state of Song), 40, 185
(fn 43), see also Xucheng (town in the state of Song)
Tan (town in the state of Lu), 249 (fn 7)Tang (fishing village on the Ji River), 19Tang (town in the state of Lu), 12, 30Tao (town in the state of Cao), 93, 260Tao (town in the state of Lu), 69,
110, 201Taoqiu (town in the state of Wei), 37taxes, 162 (and fn 33), 274temples, 19–20, 30, 50, 66, 67, 76, 94,
100, 128, 136, 152, 162–163, 169, 171, 229, 248, 265, see
also Grand Temple, Great Temple, Chamber of the Generations
Teng (viscounty), 22, 25, 29, 53 (fn 17), 62, 107, 154, 156, 178, 187, 189, 198, 212, 214, 219, 237, 240
rulers (partial list):Duke Xuan (personal name Yingqi,
r. ?–641 BCE), 103Duke Zhao (personal name Yuan, r.
before 615–600 BCE), 135, 153Duke Wen (personal name Hong, r.
599–575 BCE), 181Duke Cheng (personal name Yuan,
alternate name Quan, r. 574–539 BCE), 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 215, 219, 220
Duke Dao (personal name Ning, r. 538–515 BCE), 220, 228, 241
Duke Qing (personal name Jie, r. 512–491 BCE), 250, 261, 264, 266, 267
Duke Yin (personal name Yumu, r. 490–484 BCE), 273
thieves, 255third brother of the Marquis of Cai, see
Cai ShuThird Brother of Xu (see Duke Mu of
Xu)Third Brother Zhai (grand officer of the
state of Zhou), 66 (and fn 10)Third Daughter (of Duke Hui of Lu,
younger sister of Duke Yin), 21 (and fn 10), 59, 72, 73
Third Daughter (of Duke Zhuang of Lu, married to Qing of the state of Ju), 70
Third Daughter (of Duke Wen of Lu, married to Duke Huan of the earldom of Qi), 170 (and fn 24), 173–174 (and fn 42)
Three-Army system, 195–196 (and fn 38), 221 (fn 17), see also Army of the Center, Three Ministers
Three Dukes, 20, 36, 177Three-from-Afar sacrifice, 118, 148, 172Three Huans, 196 (fn 38), 221 (fn 17),
237 (fn 10)Three Ministers, 221
I n d e x 303
Tong Shuye, 195 (fn 36)traps, 224, 230tribesmen, 5, 22, 43, 58, 105, 120,
161, 213, 220, 226, 236, 251, 274–275, see also Di, Rong, Jing, Huai Yi, etc.
tribute, 130–131Tuanling (town in the state of Lu), 240Tuogu (town in the state of Wu), 274turmoil, 87, 234, 239 (and fn 16)twin watchtowers, 238, 248–249
(and fn 4)
unicorns, 275–276usurpation, 8–9, 16, 53, 57, 75, 115,
134 (fn 7), 156 (and fn 4), 157 (fn 11), 183 (fn 33), 188 (fn 5), 199 (and fn 10), 208 (fn 4), 209 (fn 9), 213, 214 (fn 35), 227–228 (and fn 5), 234 (and fn 29), 240, 243 (fn 32), 267–268 (and fn 23)
vassal states, 58, 181 (fn 17), 228–229 (and fns 8, 9, 11)
Viscount of Liu I (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Xian of Liu), 228
Viscount of Liu II (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Wen of Liu, personal name Juan), 234 (and fns 27, 29), 249, 250 (and fns 10, 11)
Viscount of Shan I (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Xiang of Shan), 183, 184, 189
Viscount of Shan II (grand officer of the state of Zhou, a.k.a. Duke Mu of Shan), 234 (and fns 27, 29)
Viscount of Su (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 133
Viscount of Yin (grand officer of the state of Zhou), 182, 183
Wa (town in the state of Wei), 254Wan, see Nangong WanWang Zhazi (grand officer of the state
of Zhou), 161 (and fn 31)Warring States period (475–221
BCE), 2Wawu (town in the state of Zhou), 23
weddings, 3, 12–13, 21, 30 (fn 17), 31, 36–37, 48, 49, 50, 59, 64, 65–66, 69, 70, 94, 95, 99 (and fn 22), 100 (and fn 27), 109–110, 119, 125–126, 127, 134–135 (and fn 11), 145–146, 149, 173, 174 (and fn 47), 178, 179, 190–191, 199, 242–243 (and fn 32)
Wei (marquisate), 13, 16, 17 (and fn 32), 19, 23, 25, 32, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 50, 53, 54, 62, 71, 79, 89, 96, 98, 102, 103, 104, 106, 110, 112, 114, 119, 124, 126, 131, 137, 142, 146, 147, 156, 159 (and fn 23), 166, 167–168, 178, 192, 193, 198, 205, 208 (and fn 4), 210, 214, 222, 231, 254 (and fn 3), 255, 257, 264 (and fns 4, 8), 267, 269, 271, 275; destruction and re-founding of, 84–85
rulers: Duke Zhuang (personal name Yang, r. 757–735 BCE), 16 (and fn 24), 17 (fn 32)
Duke Huan (personal name Wan, r. 734–719), 16 (and fn 24), 17 (fn 30), 19
Duke Xuan (personal name Jin, r. 718–700 BCE), 17 (and fn 30), 23, 30, 37–38 (and fn 11), 40, 41
Duke Hui (personal name Shuo, r. 699–696, 688–669 BCE), 41, 43–44, 53, 54, 61, 62, 68
Duke Wen (personal name Hui, r. 659–635 BCE), 87, 90, 91, 93, 95, 98, 99, 101, 107, 109, 110
Duke Cheng (personal name Zheng, r. 634–600 BCE), 110, 113 (and fn 26), 114, 115, 116–117 (and fns, 41–43), 127, 137, 138, 151, 153, 154
Shuwu (personal name of the younger brother of Duke Cheng, r. 632), 113 (and fn 27), 115, 116, 117 (fn 43)
Prince Xia (r. 631), 116 (and fn 41)Duke Mu (personal name Chi,
alternate name Su, r. 599–589 BCE), 159 (fn 23), 163, 168
I n d e x304
Wei (marquisate)—continuedDuke Ding (personal name Zang, r.
588–577 BCE), 163, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175 (and fn 52), 178, 179
Duke Xian (personal name Kan, r. 576–559, 546–544 BCE), 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 188 (and fn 5), 189, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 199 (and fn 10), 208 (and fns 4, 7), 209, 210, 211, 213
Duke Shang (personal name Qiu, alternate name Piao, a.k.a. Gongsun Piao, r. 558–547 BCE), 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208 (and fns 4, 7), 209 (and fn 9), 210
Duke Xiang (personal name E, r. 543–535 BCE), 222
Duke Ling (personal name Yuan, r. 534–493 BCE), 228, 232, 249, 254, 255, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 265
Duke Chu (personal name Zhe, r. 492–480 BCE), 265, 274
Duke Zhuang (personal name Kuaikui, r. 480–478 BCE), 260, 264, 265
Wei (town in the state of Lu), 72Wei (town in the state of Zheng), 192,
193Wei Duo, see Wei ManduoWei Manduo (grand officer of the state
of Jin), 269, 275Wei Pi (grand officer of the state of
Chu), 213, 222Wei Zhouxu, see Prince ZhouxuWen (minor state), 96, 114 (and fn 32)Wen Jiang, 31 (and fn 19), 45 (and fn
45), 47–48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 61, 64, 65
Wen River, 83, 168, 169, 172Wenyang (town in the state of Qi), 61West Zhou, see Royal CityWhite Di (tribesmen), 152, 174, 201,
226 (fn 46), see also Xian Yuwidow (of Duke Wu of Zhu Lou,
daughter of Dame Ying, remarried to Shu Shu of Zhu Lou), 243–244
wife (née Yi, consort of Duke Cheng of Lu), see Ding Yi
wives, 8, 12, 29, 31, 67, 67, 109–110, 119, 127, 145–146, 179, 214, 225 (and fn 36), 251, 261 (and fn 37)
women, 5, 12, 60, 67 (fn 20), 70 (fn 33), 85, 175 (fn 53), 214, 243 (see also wives, concubines, maids, daughters, brides, mothers, sisters, royal princesses)
worthiness, 8, 28, 29, 38, 50, 51–52, 59–60, 68, 77, 96, 101, 102, 115, 135, 212–213, 214, 232, 242–244
worthlessness, 3, 29 (see also despicableness)
Wu (heir apparent of the state of Zeng), 190–191
Wu (kingdom), 4–5, 164 (and fn 41), 172, 180, 189, 191, 195 (and fn 36), 198, 199, 206, 212, 213, 219, 220, 221, 222, 229, 231, 235–236 (and fns 2–4, 6), 237, 240, 249, 251, 252, 260, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 273, 274–275 (and fn 2)
rulers:King Shoumeng (personal name
Cheng, r. 585–561 BCE), 197King Zhufan (personal name E,
alternate name Ye, r. 560–548 BCE), 208 (and fn 6), 211 (fn 20), 212
King Yuji (personal name Yuji, r. 547–544 BCE), 211–212 (and fn 20)
King Yumei (personal name Yumei, alternate name Yimei, r. 543–527 BCE), 212 (and fns 23, 24, 26), 229
King Liao (personal name Liao, r. 526–515 BCE), 212–213 (and fns 26–28), 240
King Helu (personal name Guang, r. 514–496 BCE), 212–213 (and fn 27), 250–251, 260
King Fuchai (personal name Fuchai, r. 495–473 BCE), 274–275
Wu (town in the state of Ji), 49
I n d e x 305
Wu (town in the state of Lu), 129Wu Lei (subject of the state of Lu), 75Wu Zixu (native of Chu, later grand
officer of the state of Wu), 250–251 (and fn 13)
Wucao (town, location unknown), 38Wucheng (town in the state of Lu), 203Wufu (town in the state of Zheng) 40Wuhai, see Zhan WuhaiWushi (town in the state of Lu), 256Wuzhi (grand officer of the state of Qi), 9
Xi (town in the state of Ji), 50, 59Xi (town in the state of Lu), 44Xi (town in the state of Qi), 110Xi (town in the state of Zheng), 194Xi Ke (grand officer of the state of Jin),
166–168 (and fn 5), 169, 171 (fn 33)
Xi Qi (grand officer of the state of Jin), 178, 184 (and fn 38)
Xi Qishu (grand officer of the state of Qin), 135 (and fns 12, 14)
Xi Que (grand officer of the state of Jin), 134, 138 (and fn 29), 140 (and fn 36), 154, 166 (fn 5)
Xi Yuan (grand officer of the state of Chu), 240
Xi Zhi (grand officer of the state of Jin), 184 (and fn 38)
Xi Zhou (grand officer of the state of Jin), 177, 183, 184 (and fn 38)
Xia (a.k.a. the Central States), 181Xia (grand officer of the state of Lu), 24Xia Ji (daughter of Duke Mu of Zheng,
mother of Xia Zhengshu), 154 (fn 45), 156 (fn 4), 157 (fn 11)
Xia Nie (grand officer of the state of Chen), 235–236
Xia Oufu (grand officer of the state of Chen), 275
Xia Zhengshu (grand officer of the state of Chen, short-lived ruler), 156 (and fn 4), 157 (and fn 11), 158 (fn 13)
Xiafu, see under Zhu LouXian (minor state), 90Xian (town in the state of Wei), 98, 254Xian Du (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 131 (and fn 39)
Xian Gao (merchant of the state of Zheng), 120
Xian Hu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 159 (and fn 22)
Xian Mie (grand officer of the state of Jin), 129, 130 (fn 35)
Xian Yu (sub-group of White Di tribesmen), 226, 230, 250, 252, 267
Xian Zhen (grand officer of the state of Jin), 120–121 (and fn 62)
Xianqiu (town in the state of Zhu Lou, a.k.a. Xian), 35, 134 (and fn 5)
Xiang I (minor state, subsequently a disputed town), 11, 43, 110, 148–149, 203
Xiang II (minor state), 102Xiang (town in the state of Wu), 198Xiang Chao (grand officer of the state of
Song), 268, 274Xiang Ning (grand officer of the state of
Song), 233Xiang Xu (grand officer of the state of
Song), 199, 217Xiao (minor state), 117 (and fn 45),
159, 258, 260Xiao (town in the state of Lu), 260Xiao Daxin, see Xiao ShuXiao Shu (grand officer of the state of
Song), 66 (and fn 13)Xiaogu (town, possibly in the state of
Qi), 74 (and fn 10)Xiaoyu (town in the state of
Zheng), 196Xiayang (town in the state of Guo),
85–86Xie Ye (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 154 (and fn 45)Xincheng (town in the state of Song),
138Xincheng (town in the state of Wei), 91Xing (minor state), 76, 77, 81, 101,
103, 104, 109 (and fn 9)Xingqiu (town in the state of
Jin), 193Xintian (capital of the state of Jin), 189
(fn 14)Xinzhu (town in the state of Wei), 166Xiqiu (town in the state of Qi), 141
I n d e x306
Xu (barony), 25, 27–28, 42 (and fn 31), 72, 89, 91, 116, 121, 131, 169, 174, 178, 181 (and fn 17), 190, 200, 210, 214, 217, 223, 231, 235–236, 250; destruction of, 253; reconstitution of, 263 (fn 1)
rulers:Duke Mu (personal name Xinchen,
r. 697–656 BCE), 42 (and fn 31), 62, 87, 89
Duke Xi (personal name Ye, r. 655–622 BCE), 90, 93, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 105, 107, 111, 127, 128
Duke Zhao (personal name Xiwo, r. 621–592 BCE), 138, 163
Duke Ling (personal name Ning, r. 591–547 BCE), 206, 209
Duke Dao (personal name Mai, r. 546–523 BCE), 220, 221, 231 (and fn 18)
Si (personal name of untitled ruler, r. 522–504 BCE), 249, 253
Duke Yuan (personal name Cheng, r. 503–482 BCE), 263, 274, 275
Xu (son of Shu Shu of Zhu Lou), 243–244
Xu (viscounty), 69, 87, 98, 99, 100, 101, 129, 220, 221, 226, 230, 242
rulers (partial list): Zhangyu (personal name of ruler, r. ?–512 BCE), 242
Xu Jiafu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 146 (and fn 4)
Xu Qu (minor state), 107 (see also Xuqu)
Xu Tong (grand officer of the state of Jin), 184–185 (and fns 38, 40)
Xuan Da (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 261, 264, 274
Xuan Hu (grand officer of the state of Zheng), 217, 225
Xucheng (town in the state of Song), 185 (and fn 43), see also Tan (town in the state of Song)
Xue (earldom), 25, 73, 168, 187, 189, 198, 212, 214, 237, 245
rulers (partial list):Duke Xian (personal name Gu, r.
578–511 BCE), 191, 194, 195,
196, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 228, 242
Duke Xiang (personal name Ding, r. 510–498 BCE), 250, 258
Bi (personal name of short-lived ruler, r. 497–496 BCE), 259
Duke Hui (personal name Yi, alternate name Yin, r. 495–482 BCE), 271
Xue (town in the state of Lu), 74Xue Ke, 5, 21 (fn 8), 24 (fn 22), 29 (fn
6), 38 (fn 11), 43 (fn 33), 45 (fn 47), 48 (fn 3), 49 (fn 7), 50 (fns 10, 12), 60 (fn 23), 62 (fn 30), 66 (fn 13), 84 (fn 16), 88 (fn 34), 91 (fn 50), 93 (fn 1), 94 (fns 2, 4), 95 (fn 6), 96 (fn 13), 97 (fn 15), 100 (fns 28, 29, 31), 101 (fn 37), 102 (fn 38), 103 (fns 45, 47, 48), 104 (fns 52–54), 105 (fn 57), 126 (fn 16), 129 (fn 29), 134 (fn 6), 137 (fns 21, 22), 138 (fn 29), 149 (fn 23), 153 (fns 40, 43), 154 (fn 45), 156 (fns 3, 6, 7), 157 (fn 11), 161 (fn 31), 163 (fn 37), 165–166 (fn 2), 171 (fn 33), 173 (fn 40), 181 (fn 17), 182 (fn 24), 183 (fn 34), 188 (fn 3), 193 (fn 28), 198 (fn 5), 202 (fn 23), 205 (fn 35), 207 (fn 1), 208 (fn 4), 209 (fn 8), 210 (fn 16), 213 (fn 30), 220 (fn 15), 221 (fn 20), 225 (fn 41), 228 (fn 8), 236 (fn 4), 239 (fn 17), 240 (fn 24), 241 (fn 26), 244–245 (fn 38), 248 (fn 4), 249 (fns 5, 6), 252 (fn 19), 253–254 (fn 1), 255 (fn 8), 256 (fn 9), 257 (fn 13), 261 (fn 37), 264 (fn 6), 267 (fn 19)
Xun Geng (grand officer of the state of Jin), 169, (and fn 20)
Xun Li (grand officer of the state of Jin), 242
Xun Linfu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 153, 158–159, 169 (fn 20)
Xun Shu, see Xun XiXun Wu (grand officer of the state of Jin,
son of Xun Yan), 209 (and fn 10), 218, 230
I n d e x 307
Xun Xi (grand officer of the state of Jin), 28 (fn 5), 59, 96
Xun Xiu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 170
Xun Yan (grand officer of the state of Jin), 198, 200
Xun Yin (grand officer of the state of Jin), 259
Xun Ying (grand officer of the state of Jin), 184, 188, 189, 190, 212
Xunzi, 135 (fn 14)Xuqu (formerly the independent state
spelled as Xu Qu, town disputed by Lu and Zhu Lou), 128–129
Xutian (territory in the state of Zhou), 27–28
Yan (earldom), 40, 41, 213, 222 (and fn 21), 226
rulers (partial list): Duke Jian (personal name Kuan, r. ?–?), 220, 226 (fn 42)
Yan (town in the state of Qi), 102Yan (town in state of Zheng) 8–9, see
also YanlingYan (town on border of Zheng and
Song), 274Yan of Zhu Lou, see Duke Wu of Zhu
LouYan Stables, 72Yan Yuan (disciple of Confucius), 276Yang (minor state), 77 (and fn 24)Yang (town in the state of [Bei] Yan),
226 (fn 42)Yang Chufu (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 124, 126, 128Yang Hu (steward of the Ji family in the
state of Lu), 255–256 (and fns 9–11)
Yang Palace, see templesYang Yue (cousin of Yang Hu), 256Yanggu (town in the state of Qi), 87,
97, 141Yangsheng (a.k.a. Duke Dao of Qi), see
under QiYangzhou (town in the state of Qi), 237
(and fn 11)Yanling (town in the state of Wu), 213Yanling (town in the state of Zheng,
a.k.a. Yan), 181 (and fns 18, 21)
Yanshi (heir apparent of the state of Chen), 217, 222
Yao (mountain, location unknown), 120, 135 (fn 14)
Yao, Shun, and Yu (sage kings), 162 (fn 33), 234 (fn 29), 276 (and fns 11, 13, 14)
Ye (new capital of the barony of Xu), 181 (and fn 17)
Yejing (town in the state of Qi), 237–239 (and fn 12)
Yellow River, 99, 118, 136, 170, 210, 219, 226, 229, 233, 236, 249, 251
Yi (group of Rong tribesmen), 130Yi (new capital of the barony of Xu), 223Yi (town in the state of Qi), 82–83Yi (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 156
(fn 7)Yi (tribesmen in general), 180Yi Bo (underling of the Ji family in the
state of Lu), 100Yi River, 264Yi Xingfu (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 154 (fn 45), 157 (and fns 11, 12)
Yin family (grand officers of the state of Zhou), 236 (and fn 7), 240
Ying (town in the marquisate of Qi), 30Ying (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 83Ying Shi (minor state), 101Yinzhu (district of the capital of the state
of Qi), 233Yishen, see Dou YishenYiya (cook and sorcerer of the state of
Qi), 103Yong (minor state), 141Yongyu (town in the state of Jin), 205You (heir apparent of Marquis Ling of
Cai), 225 (and fn 41)You (town in the state of Song), 62, 70You Ji (grand officer of the state of
Zheng), 237You Su (grand officer of the state of
Zheng), 253, 257Youngest Brother of Cai, see Duke Ai
of CaiYoungest Daughter (of Duke Zhuang or
Duke Xi of Lu), 99 (and fn 22), 100 (and fn 27), 101
I n d e x308
Youngest Daughter (of the Marquis of Ji), see Queen
Youngest Prince (of the state of Ji), 50, 59 (and fn 17)
Youngest Prince (of the state of Lu), see Prince You
Youngest Prince (son of King Kuang and younger brother of King Ding of Zhou?), 156 (and fn 6)
Yongqiu (town in the state of Song), 270Yu I (minor state), 85–86, 90Yu II (minor state), 231Yu (town in the state of Lu), 199Yu (town in the state of Song), 105
(fn 57)Yu (younger brother of Duke Li of
Zheng), 41Yu Shi (nobleman of the state of Song),
180, 185, 187Yu-Yue, see YueYu Zhengshi (grand officer of the state
of Chen), 223Yuan (minor official of the state of
Zheng), 23Yuan Pi (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 273Yuan Qiao (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 189–190Yuan Taotu (grand officer of the state of
Chen), 88–89, 92 (fn 50)Yuan Xuan (grand officer of the state of
Wei), 114, 115–116, 116–117 (and fns 41, 44)
Yuan Zhong (grand officer of the state of Chen), 70
Yuanling (new capital of the earldom of Qi), 98
Yuanlou (town in the state of Qi), 166–168
Yue (kingdom), 4–5, 221, 223, 252 (and fn 19), 260, 275
Yue (town in the state of Wei), 28Yue Kun (grand officer of the state of
Song), 265Yue Qili (grand officer of the state of
Song), 240, 253Yue Shixin (grand officer of the state of
Song), 237, 257, 258Yuezheng Zichun (paragon of filial
piety), 232 (and fn 19)
Yun (town in the state of Wu), 274Yun, East (town in the state of Lu), 136,
174 (and fn 50), 197, 218, 219, 241 (fn 26), 253–254 (and fn 1)
Yun, West (town in the state of Lu), 170, 239 (and fn 17), 240, 240, 241 (and fn 26), 253–254 (and fn 1), 257 (and fn 13)
Yuqiu (town in the state of Zhu Lou), 49
Zai (minor state), 25, 30 (fn 12)Zai Xuan (grand officer of the state of
Zhou), 9–10Zang (surname of wet nurse of Duke
Xiao of Lu), 243Zang Wenzhong, see Zangsun ChenZangxuan Shu, see Zangsun XuZangsun Chen (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 72 (and fn 2), 133Zangsun He (grand officer of the state of
Lu), 205Zangsun Xu (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 165 (and fn 1), 166–167, 169, 179 (and fn 10)
Zeng (minor state), 99, 100, 103, 164, 168, 190–191 (and fns 18, 20), 192 (and fn 23), 220
Zeng (town in the state of Zheng), 188 (fn 3), 169 (fn 25)
Zha, see Prince JizhaZha (town in the state of Wu), 195, 267Zhai Zu, see Second Brother ZhaiZhan (subject of the state of Zheng), 62
(and fn 30)Zhan Wuhai (grand officer of the state of
Lu), 11, 24Zhang (town in the state of Ji), 73Zhao Chuan (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 147 (and fn 14), 149, 151Zhao Dun (grand officer of the state of
Jin), 130, 138 (and fn 29), 147 (and fn 14), 149–151
Zhao Gua (grand officer of the state of Jin), 173 (and fn 40)
Zhao Tong (grand officer of the state of Jin), 173 (and fn 40)
Zhao Wu (grand officer of the state of Cai), 229
Zhao Wu (grand officer of the state of Jin), 210, 217
I n d e x 309
Zhao Yang (grand officer of the state of Jin), 237, 255, 257, 259 (and fn 28), 264, 267, 270
Zhao Yang (grand officer of the state of Wei), 259 (and fn 28)
Zhaoge (town in the state of Wei), 259 (and fn 27)
Zhaoqiu (town in the state of Jin), 182Zhe (older brother of Duke Ling of
Wei), 232–233Zhe (town, possibly in the state of
Song), 39Zhen (grand officer of the state of Qin,
younger brother of Duke Jing of Qin), 218
Zhen Yijiu (grand officer of the state of Chen), 206
Zheng (earldom), 8–9, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 32, 38, 40, 42, 43, 62, 72, 79, 83, 86, 87, 89, 91, 99, 104, 107, 109, 117, 120, 121, 125, 126, 131, 142, 147, 148, 149, 154, 156, 158–159, 160, 168, 169, 171 (and fn 33), 172, 174, 175, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 193, 194, 195 (and fn 37), 196, 201, 203, 206, 209, 214, 223, 229, 231, 251, 253, 254 (fn 3), 255, 258, 260, 264 (and fn 4), 269, 270, 273, 274
rulers: Duke Zhuang (personal name Wusheng, r. 743–701 BCE), 15, 17 (fn 29), 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 38 (and fn 15); and younger brother Duan, 8–9, 89 (fn 41)
Duke Zhao (personal name Hu, r. 701, 696–695 BCE), 39 (and fn 16), 42, 43 (and fn 33)
Duke Li (personal name Tu, r. 700–697, 679–673 BCE), 39 (and fn 16), 40–41 (and fn 25), 42, 43 (and fn 33), 61, 62, 65
Ying (personal name of untitled ruler, r. 693–680 BCE), 51
Duke Wen (personal name Jie, r. 672–628 BCE), 62 (fn 30), 70, 79, 83, 87, 90, 91 (fn 50), 93,
95, 98, 99, 101, 105, 111, 113, 114, 119
Duke Mu (personal name Lan, r. 627–606 BCE), 125, 137, 138, 148, 156 (fn 4)
Duke Ling (personal name Yi, r. 605 BCE), 149
Duke Xiang (personal name Jian, r. 604–587 BCE), 151, 153, 157, 158–159 (and fn 23), 169, 170
Duke Dao (personal name Fei, r. 586–585 BCE), 170, 171 (and fn 32)
Duke Cheng (personal name Gun, r. 584–581, 581–571 BCE), 174, 178, 180, 181, 185, 188 (and fn 8)
Xu (personal name of short-term ruler, 581 BCE)
Duke Xi (personal name Yun, alternate name Kunyuan, r. 581, 570–566 BCE), 188 (fn 8), 189, 190, 191, 192–193 (and fns 28, 29)
Duke Jian (personal name Jia, r. 565–530 BCE), 193, 196, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 220, 226
Duke Ding (personal name Ning, r. 529–514 BCE), 228, 241
Duke Xian (personal name Dun, alternate name Chai, r. 513–501 BCE), 249, 254, 255, 256
Zheng Gate, 78Zhi (heir apparent of Duke Dao of Xu),
231–232 (and fn 18)Zhi (misprint, referring to town in the
state of Lu), 249 (and fn 7)Zhong Ji (grand officer of the state of
Song), 245, 247–248Zhong Tuo (grand officer of the state of
Song), 257, 258Zhong Yingqi, see Gongsun YingqiZhongli (town in the state of Wu), 180Zhongqiu (town in the state of Lu),
22, 24Zhongqiu (town in the state of Qi), 207Zhongsun (subject of the state of Qi,
assumed to be Prince Qingfu), 77 (and fns 22, 23)
I n d e x310
Zhongsun Heji (grand officer of the state of Lu), 245, 249, 253, 255, 257, 258, 263, 264, 266, 268
Zhongsun Ji, see Zhongsun HejiZhongsun Jie (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 206, 211, 212, 213, 215Zhongsun Jue (grand officer of the state
of Lu, son of Zhongsun Mie), 224, 225, 236
Zhongsun Mie (grand officer of the state of Lu), 153 (and fn 39), 162, 170, 171, 185, 187, 188, 189, 191, 202
Zhongsun Qiu, see ZhongsunZhongsun Su (grand officer of the state
of Lu), 203, 205Zhongwu (deity), 17Zhongxing Yan (grand officer of the
state of Jin), 185 (fn 40)Zhongzi (wife of Duke Hui, mother of
Duke Huan of Lu), 9–10, 19–20Zhou (kingdom), 4, 10, 17 (fn 32), 22,
23, 24, 27, 32, 37 (fn 10), 61 (fn 25), 93, 116, 134 (fn 7), 147, 151, 163, 165–166 (and fn 2), 177–178, 180–181, 195 (fn 36), 214, 221 (fn 20), 234, 235, 236 (fns 2, 3, 5, 6), 244, 266 (and fn 16), 274 (fn 2)
rulers: King Wen (personal name Chang, c. 1152–1056 BCE), 7, 108, 120, 131
King Yi (personal name Xie, r. 9th cen. BCE), 51
King Xuan (personal name Jing, r. 827–782 BCE), 162–163 (and fn 36), 243 (fn 32)
King Ping (personal name Yijiu, r. 770–720 BCE), 9, 13, 14 (fn 15)
King Huan (personal name Lin, r. 719–697 BCE), 22, 24, 32, 36, 42, 50, 134 (fn 7)
King Zhuang (personal name Tuo, r. 696–682 BCE), 48, 53
King Hui (personal name Lang, r. 676–652 BCE), 90, 93, 95, 109 (fn 8)
King Xiang (personal name Zheng, r. 651–619 BCE), 90, 109 (and fn 8), 113–114 (and fn 34), 117, 123, 127, 129
King Qing (personal name Renchen, r. 618–613 BCE), 130–131
King Kuang (personal name Ban, r. 612–607), 147, 156 (fn 6), 161 (fn 31)
King Ding (personal name Yu, r. 606–586), 156 (and fn 6), 161 (fn 31), 170, 173 (fn 41)
King Jian (personal name Yi, r. 585–572 BCE), 173 (and fn 41), 188
King Ling (personal name Xiexin, r. 571–545 BCE), 211
King Jing (personal name Gui, r. 544–521 BCE), 214, 233 (and fn 29)
King Dao (personal name Meng, r. 520 BCE), 234 (and fns 27, 29), 240 (fn 22)
Prince Zhao (a.k.a. the Western King, r. 520–516 BCE), 236 (and fn 7), 240 (and fn 22)
King Jing (personal name Gai, r. 519–476 BCE), 236, 240 (and fn 22), 260
Zhou (minor state) 33Zhou Fengwu, 5 (see also Xue Ke)Zhou Lai (minor state, later capital of
the state of Cai), 172, 229, 264Zhou period, Eastern (770–221 BCE),
1, 4Zhouxu, see Prince ZhouxuZhu (town in the state of Lu), 72, 136Zhu Lou (viscounty), 8, 20, 22, 35, 36,
43, 44, 49 (and fn 7), 60, 62, 72, 78, 83, 102, 103, 105, 107, 121, 128–129, 137, 138, 153 (and fn 40), 156 (and fn 7), 164, 168, 171, 173, 178, 180, 181, 183, 184, 187, 188, 189, 192, 193, 198 (and fn 5), 199, 200, 201, 202 (and fn 23), 203, 204, 205 (and fn 35), 212, 214, 231, 237, 240, 242–245 (and fns 29, 38, 39), 245, 263, 264, 266, 267 (and fn 19), 268, 269, 270
rulers: Duke Wu (personal name Yifu, alternate name Yan, r. ?–796 BCE), 242–243 (fns 30–34)
I n d e x 311
Shu Shu (personal name of ruler, r. 795–781 BCE), 242–244 (and fns 30, 34–37)
Xiafu (personal name of ruler, r. 780–? BCE), 243–244
Duke An (personal name Yifu, alternate name Cao Ke, r. ?–678 BCE), 8, 44, 62
Duke Xian (personal name Suo, r. 677–666 BCE), 72
Duke Wen (personal name Quchu, r. 665–615), 114, 136, 138 (fns 28, 30, 31)
Duke Ding (personal name Jueju, r. 614–573 BCE), 138 (and fn 30), 147, 163, 170, 171, 172, 184
Duke Xuan (personal name Keng, alternate name Xian, r. 572–556 BCE), 185, 188, 189, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 200 (and fn 18), 201
Duke Dao (personal name Hua, r. 555–541 BCE), 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 211, 218, 219
Duke Zhuang (personal name Chuan, r. 540–507 BCE), 225, 228, 240, 249
Duke Yin (personal name Yi, r. 506–487, 473–471 BCE), 249, 260, 261, 264, 269, 270
Zhu River, 57Zhuan (town in the state of Zhu Lou),
171Zhuke (town in the state of Qi), 201Zhuqiu (town in the state of Lu), 32, 51Zi (town in the state of Ji), 49Zi (town in the state of Lu), 221Zi (town in the state of Lu), 59Zijia Ju (grand officer of the state of
Lu, a.k.a. Zijia Ji and Zijia Yibo, grandson of Gongsun Guifu), 237–238 (and fn 13), 247 (fn 4)
Zishu Heibei (grand officer of the state of Wei, younger brother of Duke Ding of Wei), 175 (and fn 52)
Zhiji (town, location unknown), 260Zuo Commentary, The, 1, 21 (fn 8),
24 (fn 22), 94 (fn 3), 105 (fn 57), 112 (fn 22), 120 (fn 59), 138 (fn 29), 156 (fns 3, 7), 163 (fn 37), 171 (fn 33), 183 (fn 34), 198 (fn 5), 204 (fn 33), 243 (fn 32)