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INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOTHERAPY.PHYSIOTHERAPY.GALVANIZATION.ELECTROFORESIS.FRANCLINIZATION.
Prof. Mysula I.R.
PhysiotherapyPhysiotherapy
From Greece: physio – nature; therapy – to treat
Field of clinical medicine studying medical properties of physical factors and developing the methods of their application for diseases treatment and prophylaxis, and also for the medical rehabilitation
Levels of physiotherapeutic Levels of physiotherapeutic factors influencefactors influence
- local - distant (reflex-segment)- on the whole body
Basic principle of treatment
pathogenetic, not etiologic
Therefore the indicate for them are determined by not so much the etiology of illnesses, but its pathogenesis, predominance in pathogenesis the processes of inflammatory or dystrophic character.
Common contraindications for Common contraindications for using of physiotherapeutic using of physiotherapeutic methodsmethods
severe exhaustion difficult condition of patient risk for bleeding tumours blood diseases cardiovascular and respiratory failure disorders of liver and kidneys function atherosclerosis ІІ-ІІІ stage of arterial hypertension active tuberculosis
Basic effects in tissuesBasic effects in tissues
thermal unthermal
Classification of physiotherapy Classification of physiotherapy methodsmethods
I. After the area of influencing: 1.General (for Wermel, collar for Shcherbac, four
chamber galvanic baths, general UFO and others like that).
2. Local (transverse, longitudinal, tangential, focal). 3. Reflex-segmentary. 4. On biologically active points.
ІІ After localization: 1. Superficial (on the scin). 2. Intracavity (nasal, mouth, years, vaginal, rectal). 3. Intravascular (laser). 4. Intraorganic.
Classification of physiotherapy Classification of physiotherapy methodsmethods
ІІІ After the strength of contact: 1. Contact (dense contact). 2. Distance (eluvial).
ІУ After the technique of execution: 1. Immobile. 2. Mobile.
GALVANIZATIONGALVANIZATION
Application of constant direct electric current of small force (to 50 мА) and low tension (30-80V) with the medical purpose
H2OH+
+OH-
- +
K+
Na+KCl K++Cl -
NaCl Na++Cl -
MgSO4 Mg+++SO4--
CaCO3 Ca+++CO3--
Cl-
SO4-2
CO3-2
H2OH+
+OH-
Катод Анод
Катод Анод
K+K+ Na+Na+
K+Na+ Ca++Mg++
K++OH- KOHNa++OH- NaOH
H++Cl- HClH++SO4
-2 H2SO4H++CO3
-2 H2CO3
H2OH+
+OH-
- +
K+
Na+KCl K++Cl -
NaCl Na++Cl -
MgSO4 Mg+++SO4--
CaCO3 Ca+++CO3--
Cl-
SO4-2
CO3-2
H2OH+
+OH-
Катод Анод
Катод Анод
K+K+ Na+Na+
K+Na+ Ca++Mg++
K++OH- KOHNa++OH- NaOH
H++Cl- HClH++SO4
-2 H2SO4H++CO3
-2 H2CO3
Cathode (Cathode (--))
excitant, restorative (uses at paresises, paralyses)
secretory, stimulatory (hormones production)
myotonic hydrotative metabolic vasodilatative
Anode (+)Anode (+)
depress, analgetic (uses at spasms, hypertonus)
hyposecretory myorelaxatic dehydratative metabolic vasodilatative
Local reactionsLocal reactions
1. Changes of cells hydration2. Changes of protoplasm
colloids dispersion 3. Changes of permeability of
cell membranes 4. Fasting of blood stream 5. Increase of permeability of
vessel wall
General reactionsGeneral reactions
Irritation of peripheral receptors → nervous impulses are passed on afferent ways in the CNS → complex reactions-answers of organs and systems of organism.
IndicationIndication
І-ІІ stage arterial hypertension. Bronchial asthma. Inflammatory processes of
different localization. Stomach and duodenum ulcerous. Skin diseases
Contra-indicationContra-indication
Common Individual high sensitiveness to
current Damage of skin and skin diseases in
the place of electrodes application Acute purulent inflammatory
processes Lack of pain sensitiveness
FILM “GALVANIZATION”
Placing of electrodesPlacing of electrodes
longitudinal transversal
Medicinal Medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis
Introduction of medicines in human Introduction of medicines in human body with the help of a direct body with the help of a direct currentcurrent
2 factors act2 factors act:: medicine galvanic current
Causes for skin depot Causes for skin depot formation formation
shallow penetration of medications; high properties of ion changes
structural components of skin; relatively low activity of metabolism; bad circulation of blood in the upper
layers of skin.
Advantages of medicinal Advantages of medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis
Medications are acted on the changed by galvanic current cells and tissues.
Medications enter tissues as ions, that increases their pharmacological activity.
Formation of "skin depot" prolongs duration of medications action.
Advantages of medicinal Advantages of medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis
High concentration of medications is created directly in a place of pathology.
The mucous membranes of gastro-intestinal tract is not irritated.
Possibility of simultaneous using of a few medications is provided (from different poles).
FRANCLINIZATION
It is a medical method, in which the electric field of high tension uses.
COMMON FRANCLINIZATION
LOCAL FRANCLINIZATION
IndicationIndication
functional diseases of the central nervous system, especially those that is accompanied by the irritability, disorders of sleeping (migraine, insomnia, asthenic states and others like that)
I-II stages of arterial hypertension
bronchial asthma
trophic ulcers, infected wounds and wounds which are treated difficulty
facial skin and mouth mucous parestesia
Contra-indicationContra-indication
Common
organic diseases of the central nervous system
low arterial pressure
For local franclinization contra-indication is the state during 2 weeks after the course of rentgenotherapy.