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8/12/2019 Introduction Tourism
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Tourism concepts
Dr. Nimit ChowdharyProfessor
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel
Management
Introduction totourism
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 2
The tourism society
Tourism is deemed to include any
activity concerned with temporary shortterm movement of people to
destinations outside the places where
they normally live and work, and their
activities during the stay at these
destinations.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 3
Visitor demand
International
visitors
Who are residents of countries other
than that being visited and travel for
tourism purposes. Inbound tourism
International
visitors
Who are residents of a country
visiting other countries and travel for
tourism purposes. Outbound tourism
Residents Visiting destinations within their owncountrys boundaries who travel for
tourism purposes. Domestic tourism
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 4
Visitor- the Consumer
Visitor
ExcursionistsTourist
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 5
Tourist
Business
Congress
Convention Family
Friends
Health
Holiday
Leisure Meeting
Mission
A visitor staying more than 24 hours in acountry and making an overnight stay
for any of the following reasons:
Recreation
Religion
Sport Study
Vacation
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 6
Excursionists
Are classed as temporary visitors staying
less than 24 hours, including cruise
travelers but excluding travelers in transit.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 7
Tourism!
Experimental
Ephemeral
Experiential Edutainment
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 8
Tourism- a process
A combination of tangible and intangible
tourism products
Scope of these products
Attraction
Access
Amenities
Organized as a seamless supply chain
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 9
Tourism- a supply chain
Providers need to be effective with
tourism products along tourism supply
chain
Efficient with products
Creativity in combining products and delivery
Technology leverage
Supply Chain Suppliers
Tourism Products
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 10
Tourism- a supply chain
Tourism Suppliers
is a business such as attraction, hotel or othertype of accommodation, restaurant,
transportation company, tour wholesaler, travelagency etc.
Tourism Products
Tangibles- furnishings in a hotel, food served
in a restaurant, etc, Intangibles- atmosphere at a resort, service
provided by an airlines
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 11
Working definition of travel
and tourism
Tourism comprises the activities of
traveling to and staying in places outside
their usual environment for not more thanone consecutive year for leisure, business
and other purposes.
WTO, 1992- subsequently ratified by the UN
Statistical Commission
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 12
Understanding this definition
1. Visitor activity is concerned only with
aspects of life outside normal routines
of work and social commitments, and
outside the location of those routines.
2. The activity necessitates travel and, in
nearly every case, some form of
transport to the destination.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 13
Understanding this definition
3. Specific destinations are the focus for a
range of activities and a range of
facilities required to support those
activities.
4. Such activities and facilities have a
combination of economic, social and
physical environmental effects that arethe basis for tourism policy and visitor
management programmes.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 14
5 characteristics of this
definition
1. There is nothing that restricts the total
market to overnight stays; it includes
same day visits.
2. There is nothing in it that restricts the
total market to travel for leisure or
pleasure. It includes travel for business,
social, religious, educational, sports,and most other purposes.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 15
5 characteristics of this
definition
3. All tourism includes an element of
travel but all travel is not tourism. The
definition excludes all routine commuter
travel and purely local travel such as to
neighbourhood shops, schools or
hospitals, etc.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 16
5 characteristics of this
definition
4. Travel and tourism absorbs large
elements of individual leisure time and
encompasses many recreational
activities, but it is not synonymous witheither because bulk of all leisure and
recreation takes place in or around
home.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 17
5 characteristics of this
definition
5. All travel and tourism trips are
temporary movements; the bulk of the
total market comprises trips of no more
than a few hours or nights duration.
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 18
How tourism industry works
Influences
on demand
Tourism
impacts
DEMANDDomestic and
international
tourists
SUPPLYTourist
destinations
and facilities
TRAVEL
Tourism intermediaries
Regulatory framework
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 19
Systematic
link
between
demandand supply
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 21
Understanding tourism
industry
Demand generators
Suppliers
Attraction
Amenities Accommodation
Access (transport)
Activity (Events)
Intermediaries Tour operators
Travel agents
Other players
International agencies
Public sector
Trade associations Multinational
corporations
Scope ofthis course
I-101
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Tourism
Concepts
Indian
Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management
February 22, 2014 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 22
Accommodation sector
Hotels/ motels
Guest houses/ B & B
Farm houses
Apartments/ flats/ villas/ cottages
Condominiums/ time share resortsVacation villages/ holiday centres
Conference/ exhibition centres
Static and touring caravans/ camping sites
Marinas
Attraction sector
Theme parks
Museums and galleries
National parks
Wildlife parks
GardensHeritage sites and centres
Sports/ activity centres
Themed retail/ leisure/ entertainment centres
Festivals and events
Travel organizer's sector
Tour operatorsTour wholesalers/ brokers
Retail travel agents
Conference organizers
Booking agencies (e.g. accommodation)
Incentive travel organizers
Destination organization sector
National tourist offices (NTOs)Destination marketing organizations (DMOs)
Regional/ state tourist offices
Local tourist offices
Tourist associations
Transport sector
AirlinesShipping lines/ ferries
Railways
Bus/ coach operators
Car rental operators
Main sectors ofthe travel and
tourism industry