IURPA 2009

LUIZ F. ARRUDAELETROBRAS DISTRIBUTION COMPANIESSEPTEMBER 2009

LOSSES IN BRAZIL SOME PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

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FEDERAL DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES

Brasília

Belo Horizonte

Rio de Janeiro

São Paulo

MAIN FIGURESMAIN FIGURES

Total area: 2.245.887 Km2 (around 25% of Brazil)Cities: 462Inhabitants: 11.650.457 (around 6% of the total of Brazil)5 inhabitants / km2Customers: 3 MillionEmployees : 6.000 (+ 6.000 contractors)Sold Energy: 11.290 GWhTotal Losses: 36%

THE STATE OF THE STATE OF AMAZONASAMAZONASTHE STATE OF THE STATE OF AMAZONASAMAZONAS

Area: 1.558.987 Km23,2 M inhabitants2,1 inhabitant/km²62 Cities640 mil Costumers

MANAUS

YAUARETÊ

IPIXUNA

DISTANCES AND TIME TO TRAVEL INSIDE AMAZONAS

São Gabriel

Panoré

Rio Juru

áRio Solimões

Rio Negro

4.618 km33 dias

1.138 km14 dias

JURUÁ

1.198 km7 dias

CAUAUARÍ

1.540 km11 dias

2.112 km14 dias

ITAMARATI

EIRUNEPÉ

3.448 km18 dias

ENVIRA3.496 km20 dias

5.600 km35 dias

GUAJARÁ

ESTADO DE RONDÔNIAESTADO DE RONDÔNIA

Area: 238.513 km²1.453.756 Inhabitants6,1 Inhabitants/km²52 Cities

THE STATE OF RONDÔNIA

Extensão: 251.329.186 Km2 População: 3.032.421 HabDensidade Demográfica: 12,05 Hab/Km2Municípios Atendidos: 223

THE STATE OF PIAUÍ THE STATE OF PIAUÍ Area: 251.330 Km23 Million Inhabitants12 Inhabitants / Km2223 Cities

MAIN PROBLEMS

Cultural: State has the obligation to take care of everything (“to give everything”)

Poverty

During many years the states didn`t take care of the companies

MAIN PROBLEMS

Lack of investment

Many customer installation without meter

Energy delivered with low quality

High residential consumption because the weather (100 degrees F and high humidity level)

SOME SOLUTIONS

Improving energy quality: changing from Diesel generation to gas turbines

Implementing inspection teams ( 1 team for each 3,000 customers!!!)

Prosecuting people under Federal Criminal Laws Code

Changing meters from eletromechanical to electronic technology

AMI for Medium Voltage Customers and the biggest Low Voltage Customers (more than 4,000 KWh/month)

SOME SOLUTIONS

For low income people areas

Installing electronic meters inside a box on the pole

Specific software to manage meters and other functionalities (alarms for example)

“Shielding “ the lines by using special concentric cables (to avoid illegal connections)

Automation system for consumer units supplied in low (buildings of individual and collective use) and medium voltage .

Provided with the functions listed below, which can be accessed remotely via wireless, GPRS, satellite, RF or PLC (Power Line Carrier) communication:

• Cutoff and reconnection

services (LV customers)• Energy balance• Monitoring of irregularities• Demand management

through current data

collection• Time of use tariff (TOU)

when allowed by ANEEL• Prepayment

Meters box – 12 single phase meters or other combinations

Single phase meter – socket type , hot swap

Shielded line - details

Energy balance meter box and communication for each secondary transformer

Connection box (transition from concentric cables to the meter box)

Single phase cable

1- Phase 1 - Cupper

2 - insulation

3 - Neutral

4 - External insulation proper for outdoor installation

For 2 or 3 phase cables the internal conductors are made of Aluminum

Another kind of cable

Concentric cables

Low voltage shielded line – more details

SOME SOLUTIONSFor Medium Voltage Customers

Current and Voltage transformers installed outdoor

Compact block, casted in Cycloaliphatic resin

Compartment to allocate calibration switch, electronic meter and gateway

CT

Lightning Arrester

Cables

Fuse

Cables

VT

Metering + communication box

Support

Lifting bar

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Installation

Possibility of partial replacement of each pair of (CT + VT)

• 03 Current and Voltage transformers

• 03 Lightning arresters

• 01 Compartment to allocate calibration switch,

measurer and remote with:

– 01 opening sensor

– 01 heat sensor

– 01 calibration switch

– 01 electronic meter

– 01 gateway + cell phone

– Connections with protected cables (NOT

insulated)

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Alternative for Ip > 100 [A](Fth=1,5)

Thanks

Luiz Arruda

arrudalf@cemig.com.brluizfarruda@yahoo.com.br

ELETROBRAS