LAB-ON-A-CHIP

Dinah Callender, RNThe Pennsylvania State University

Objectives Describe the lab-on-a- chip Describe the hardware used in the trend Review Software Define Axioms Review Criteria Describe Advantages and Disadvantages

Objectives Ethics and Legal issues Describe informatics nurse using the chip Summarize the lab on a chip

What is Lab-on-a-Chip

Instrument that integrates one or several

laboratory functions Only millimeters to centimeters in size

What is a Lab- on-a-Chip Few drops of blood needed to function Invented to perform blood analyses

Hardware used in Trend

Laptop or PDA Semiconductor Chip Special Camera Handheld device controller

Hardware

Semiconductor chip Made of

Silicon Glass Plastic Paper

SoftwareSome of the software used in the chips created by

 Agilent Technologies  are: Compliance solution RNA Solution Mass spectrometry software 2100 Expert Software

Software 2100 Expert Software for the Agilent 2100

Bioanalyzer -offers powerful data evaluation tools for all

available assays - automatic and manual integration - smear analysis and many assay-specific

tool.

Axiom Axiom 1- meets goal of user Axiom 2 the software allows for evaluation and

correction Axiom 3- needs to be determined.

“Global Health”

Clinical Information System Designed to collect patient data Improves care by making data accessible Patient-focused

Review Criteria This is a clinical information system Used by physicians, nurses, and pharmacist Enables documentation The Configuration utilized is point of care Data standard used is Healthlevel 7 (HL7) Disease and Procedure Classification System

(Northrop Grumman, 2010)

Review Criteria Nursing practice standards classification

scheme

Advantages

A decrease or no human mistakes Can find bacteria, viruses, and cancers Can extract DNA from cells Cost effective Small amount of blood needed

Disadvantages Chip is new on the scene Not yet mature People may be reluctant

Ethical and Legal Issues

Lab on a chip utilizes wireless communication Utilizes expert systems to develop diagnoses Raises concern about privacy and legal

responsibility Personal health information widely accessible

Competencies

Beginning nurse would be able to : Retrieve information obtains results from patient monitoring system Understands lab on a chip’s limitations

Experienced nurse Troubleshoots problems Places monitoring systems

Competencies

Informatics nurse specialist Will provide training programs Foresees impacts on staff and patients Makes lab on a chip user friendlyInformatics Innovator Develops sample trials Does advanced analysis

Informatics Nurse Provides the education on how to use the chip Show ways to troubleshoot any problems Research to create new knowledge Utilizes tools to maintain data integrity

Lab on a chip A mini-lab on a polymer chip Uses small volumes of blood/ fluid Fluids moved by pressure through channels Used for mixing, dilution, staining Detection on single integrated systems

References Agilent Technologies.(July, 2009). 2100 Expert

Software. Retrieved on March17,2010,from www.chem.agilent.com/enus/products/instruments/labonachip/2100bioanalyzer/smallrnaassay/

CBC News (2009, Oct.7). Breast cancer ‘lab on a chip’ developed. Retrieved on March17,2010, fromhttp://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/10/07/breast-cancer-chip.

Northrop Grumman (2010). Clinical Information System. Retrieved on April 17, 2010, from http://www.is.northropgrumman.com/by_solution/health_it/markets/health_cis/index.html

References

Insight:Lab on a chip (July 26, 2006). Nature. Retrieved on March 17, 2010, from http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7101/full/442367a.html

Lab-on-a-chip. Retrieved March 17, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab-on-a-chip

Societal and Ethical Interactions with Nanotechnology (SEIN)-An Introduction (April, 2005). SOCIETY ETHICS_BAIRD VOGTTOSEND[1].Retrieved April 18,2010,from

http://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0504/0504007.pdf