١

By:

AlirezaAlireza SafikhaniSafikhani

Design of Machine Elements

6

Shafts …

٢ Shaft Design Issues

٣

Shaft arrangement

٤

Fundamental Problem in Shaft Design

٥

Interference Fits Standards

٦

Limits and Fits (Metric Nomenclature)

٧

definition

٨

Tolerance Grade Numbers

٩

Tolerance Grade Numbers

١٠

Tolerance Grades Table

١١

Fundamental Deviations

١٢

Lower and Upper Deviations

١٣

Preferred Hole Basis Fits

١٤

Preferred Shaft Basis Fits

١٥

Description of Preferred Fits

١٦

American National Standard Preferred Hole Basis Metric Clearance Fits

١٧

Loose Running Fit: Example

١٨

Loose Running Fit (Example Continued)

١٩

Force Fit (Example)

٢٠

Force Fit (Example Continued)

٢١

Relation of Machining Processes to Tolerance Grades

٢٢

Keys and Keyseats

٢٣

Types of Keyseats

٢٤

Keyway Fabrication Methods

٢٥

Keyway type and fatigue stress concentration factor Kf

٢٦

Shaft keys

٢٧

Shaft keys

٢٨

Shaft keys

٢٩

Square and Rectangular Parallel Keys

٣٠

Square and Rectangular Key Geometry

٣١

Tapered Keys

٣٢

Gib Head Keys

٣٣

Woodruff Keys

٣٤

Circular (Pin) Keys

٣٥

Set Screws

٣٦

Set Screws

٣٧

٣٨

Representative Holding Power Values

٣٩

Tapered Bushings

٤٠

Taper and screw

٤١

Shrink fit disk !Shrink fit disk !

٤٢

٤٣

٤٤

٤٥

٤٦

٤٧

٤٨

٤٩

٥٠

Universal joint

٥١

Universal joint

٥٢

Stress Analysis of Parallel Keys

٥٣

Shear Stress Analysis of Square and Rectangular Parallel Keys

٥٤

Required Key Length: Shear

٥٥

Bearing Stress: Square and Rectangular Parallel Keys

٥٦

Comparison of Shear and Bearing Length Equations

٥٧

Standard Keys

٥٨

Lengths

٥٩

Stress Analysis of Woodruff Keys

٦٠

Shear Analysis of Woodruff Keys

٦١

British Standard Woodruff Keys and Keyways BS 6: Part 1: 1958

٦٢

Shaft pins

٦٣

Pin Diameter

٦٤

Shear Pins

٦٥

RETAINING RINGS

٦٦

Lock Nut

٦٧

Locking Nut

٦٨

American National Standard Unhardened Ground Dowel Pins

٦٩

American National Standard Clevis Pins ANSI B18.8.1-1972 (R1994)

٧٠

American National Standard Taper Pins ANSI/ASME B18.8.2-1995

٧١

American National Standard Slotted Type Spring Pins

٧٢

American National Standard Cotter Pins ANSI B18.8.1-1972 (R1994)

٧٣

Splines

٧٤

٧٥

٧٦

٧٧

6895 k Pa6895 k Pa

٧٨

٧٩

٨٠

Torque Capacity

٨١

Torque Capacity

٨٢

Involute Splines

٨٣

٨٤

٨٥

Splined Fittings

٨٦

٨٧

Ball screw and splined linear bearing

٨٨

Ball Screw

٨٩

٩٠

Application off Spacer

٩١

RETAINING RINGS

٩٢

RETAINING RINGS

٩٣

RETAINING RINGS

٩٤

٩٥

٩٦

٩٧

٩٨

EXTERNAL RETAINING RINGS

٩٩

Reduced Cross Section Retaining Rings

١٠٠

American National Standard Metric Tapered Retaining Rings

١٠١

Performance data

١٠٢

١٠٣

Shaft Design

١٠٤

١٠٥

١٠٦

Geometric constrains

١٠٧

١٠٨

Distortion limits

١٠٩

Distortion limits

١١٠

Distortion limits

١١١

Distortion limits

١١٢

Torsion

١١٣

Modal Analysis by FEM softwareModal Analysis by FEM software

١١٤

Strength constrains: Typical shaft loading

١١٥

Common Shaft Loading Mechanisms

١١٦

Spur Gear Loads

١١٧

Direction of forces

١١٨

Belt Drive Loads

١١٩

Belt Drive Loads (Bending Force)

١٢٠

Chain Drive Loads

١٢١

Bending Stresses Due to Stationary Loads

١٢٢

Shaft Stress Equations (Bending and Torsion Only)

١٢٣

Yielding in Ductile Material (No Stress Concentration)

١٢٤

Static Loading Minimum Diameter

١٢٥

Shaft Stress Equations (Bending, Axial, and Torsional Loading)

١٢٦

Fatigue Analysis of Shafts

١٢٧

Shaft von Mises Stress Equation

١٢٨

Effective Alternating and Mean Stresses

١٢٩

ANSI Standard Fatigue Curve

١٣٠

ASME Elliptic Fatigue Equation

١٣١

Minimum Diameter Equation (Bending and Torsion Only)

١٣٢

Minimum Diameter Equation (Bending and Torsion Only)

١٣٣

Soderberg

١٣٤

Soderberg

١٣٥

Soderberg

١٣٦

Hollow Shafts

١٣٧

Summary of Shaft Stress Analysis Methodology

١٣٨

Design Detail Needed to Specify a Shaft

١٣٩