THE COMPROMISE AND THE DOCTRINE

MISSOURI AND MONROE

MISSOURI AND MONROE

ERA OF GOOD FEELINGSERA OF GOOD FEELINGS

•Little Political Conflict•Democratic-Republicans controlled Govt.

•However,• Sectionalism – Regional loyalty •West, South, New England

SECTIONALISM

•West•Henry Clay

SECTIONALISMSECTIONALISM

•South•John C. Calhoun

SECTIONALISMSECTIONALISM

•New England•Daniel Webster

ELECTION OF 1816ELECTION OF 1816•Madison’s successor?• James Monroe•Position?• Secretary of State• Virginian

MONROE AS PRES.MONROE AS PRES.•2 Terms•1816 & 1820•Won Easily•Little Political Conflict•Federalists - on their way out

DOMESTIC PLANSDOMESTIC PLANS• The American System• Supported by the

Democratic-Republicans• Plan to build roads,

railroads, canals, etc. to “knit” the country together economically

• Paid for by high tariffs (protect manufacturing) and the sale of Federal lands

• Not universally popular

DOMESTIC PROBS.DOMESTIC PROBS.

•One main area of conflict - Sectionalism• Slavery• Missouri applies for statehood• Slave State• Balance of Power

BALANCE OF POWERBALANCE OF POWER

• South• Controlled

Presidency, tied in the Senate

•North• Controlled House of

Rep., tied in the Senate

MISSOURIMISSOURI

• Issues surrounding Missouri’s admission:• Who gets to decide if a territory

comes into the Union as a Free State or Slave State? • Can Congress prohibit slavery in

the Western Territories?• North: Yes• South: No

COMPROMISECOMPROMISE• Author?• Henry Clay• Maine enters as a

free state (1820)• Missouri enters as

a slave state (1821)• Balance is

preserved

MaineMaine

MissouriMissouri

COMPROMISECOMPROMISE• Prohibited

slavery in parts of the West• North of 36

degrees 30 minutes north latitude

• Battle lines are drawn for future conflict

AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

MONROE DOCTRINE

REVOLUTION• Central and South America• Simón Bolívar• Led Independence

movements in South America• Popular with

Americans• Not with Europe

REACTION• England approaches

us• Work together to

keep other nations out of Central and South America

• J.Q. Adams didn’t like idea• Secretary of State• Wanted US to control

S. America alone• Wrote the Monroe

Doctrine

MONROE DOCTRINE•State of the Union Address (1823)•4 Parts• No new Colonies in America• Existing colonies are OK

MONROE DOCTRINE• No US

involvement in European affairs• US to consider

new colonies a threat to our peace and safety

•War?

MONROE DOCTRINE• Still in force

today?• Yes• Panama - Twice at

least• Columbia• Cuba

• OurOur Back Yard! Stay Out!

ELECTION OF 1824• Candidates• J.Q. Adams -

New England• Crawford -

South• Calhoun – South• Backed out

later

• Clay - West• Jackson - West

RESULTS• Electoral College• Adams - 84• Clay - 37• Crawford - 41• Jackson - 99

NO!

??

ELECTION•Nobody had majority•House of Rep. decides•Clay urges supporters to vote for Adams•Adams wins

PRES. ADAMS

PRESIDENT ADAMS •Secretary of State•Henry Clay• Jackson’s camp• “Corrupt Bargain”•Why?

PRES. ADAMS• Far better as Sec of State than as Pres.• Jackson and others were critical• Loses much support by 1828• Runs for re-election anyway

•Next Slide – Election of 1828 Sound Clip

ELECTION OF 1828

•Adams Vs. Jackson•Mud Slinging•Adams - Rich, snob, gambler, etc.• Jackson - Adulterer, murderer, uncouth pig

ANTI-JACKSON PAMPHLET

RESULTSElectoral College• Jackson - 178Adams - 83Jackson Wins!!!