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MONGOLIA: GOVERNMENT POLICY ON FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION
T.Erdenejargal Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Light industry, Mongolia
ASIA AND THE PACIFIC REGIONAL FORUM“NUTRITION-SENSITIVE FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY”
BANGKOK, THAILAND 7-8 DECEMBER 2011
Outline
Country profileOverview of the sectorCurrent food and nutrition situationGovernment policy and legislation on
agriculture and food securityNational programmes and projectsProgrammatic actions to improve food
and nutrition Successful scaling up cases
Country profile Location: East and Central
Asia, between China and Russia
Area: 1.6 million sq.km. /5th biggest in Asia/
Population & density: 2.7 million, 1.7 persons/km
Climate: Extreme continental with short summer
Literacy rate: 97.8%.
Overview of Food and Agriculture and light industry sector
Produces over 40 percent of the total GDP and employed 64.8 percent of total work force.
The economic growth of Mongolia is being defined by production growth of livestock, crop production and industrial sectors.
Consists of 4 subsectors- Animal husbandry, crop production, food processing and light industry.
LIVESTOCK SUB-SECTOR
Engaged 261,574 peopleGenerates export revenue: 207.0 mln USDTotal: 42 mln.heads in 2011Goat 45. 0% 18.9Sheep 44.0% 18.5
Cattle 5.4% 2.3 Horse 4.7% 2.0 Camel 0.7% 0.3Annual production:
• 204.400 meat • 22.000 MT sheep wool• 6000 MT of goat cashmere• 1300 MT of camel wool• 1300 MT of yak hair
• 400.000 pieces of cattle hide• 300.000 pieces of horse hide • 3.3 mln pieces of sheep skin• 3.6 mln pieces of goat skin• 600 mln litre raw milk annually..
Domestic
food production
in 2010
388 mln $
Food import in 2010 295.4 mln $
Food export 2008-2010
Increased 2,2 percent or 64 mln $ Food
aid3 mln $
FOOD SUPPLY
h
LEGAL ACTS, POLICY PAPER RELATED TO FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
National Security Policy of Mongolia/State Great Khural resolution №48, 2010
“Food Law” /Under revision/Plant protection law Animal genetic and health law“Standardization and measurement
assessment law”Law on agricultural commodity exchange Comprehensive National Development Strategy
(2008)Government Policy on Food and Agricultural Sector
(2003-2015)Development Strategy of Agricultural Sector (2006-
2015)
On-going government programs on food, agriculture and nutrition
“National Food security Programme” -2009-2016 Green revolution” programme “School lunch programme” “Combating Iodine deficiency programme” “National programme on industrialization” “National Livestock programme” “Seabukthorn National programme “ National programme for NCD prevention
and control; Strategy on Diet and Physical Activity; Strategy on Micronutrient Deficiencies
“NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY PROGRAMME”
Approved: by Government in Feb, 2009. Goal: provide the population with constant, regular and equal supply of nutritious and safe food; create conditions to improve health and labor efficiency.The programme contains:
4 priority goals 13 objectives 77 activities
NFSP of Mongolia
4 priority goals1. Establish favorable economic, legislation and
organizational environment to ensure food supply, quality and safety;
2. Increase the proportion of industrially processed products in food consumption; provide stable and constant supply of sufficient, nutritious and safe food;
3. Ensure hygiene and safety of drinking water and food products, improve information system;
4. Improve nutritional value of food products, support healthy diet and decrease nutritional deficiencies, prevent from common non-communicable diseases.
Priority goal I
Strategic food
MOFALI
Хөрөнгө оруулалт, зээл, даатгал
лизингийн үйлчилгээ
Боловсруулсан хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүн
30%
2.5 times higher
Animal feed
Crop seeds
reserves
reserves
reserves
Change to consistent methodology, management and information structure and organizational system for food security system
Intensive Farmer no less than 8000 cowsProcessed milk production 20.0 thous.tones
Processed meat production 50.0 thous.tonesMeat export 20.0 thous.tones
To meet 100% of meat, milk, flour, potato and vegetables demand by local production
To meet 10-15% of butter, fish, vegetable oil demand by local production
2012
Priority goal II
Irrigated crop field to reach 53.0 thous.ha (25% of total field)
Improve crop variety and rotation
Cover 25% of total soums (small administrative unit) in food distribution chain
Reduce use of conventional fallow making system by 20 percent
Maintain 10-14 days reserve of flour, rice and sugar
Wheat reserve to be reached 35% of total demand
2012
-
Creation of social care center to provide
meal for poor, vulnerable, orphans, disables and aged people
-
Develop selection criteria for food and
meal serving shops and food service facilities of vulnerable groups
PRIORITY GOAL IV
Crop III campaign
Goal: create suitable legal, financial, market enabling environments for crop producers, to provide sustainable supply of safe food to the population by development of intensive crop production, eliminate import dependency.
Budget: 47 mln USD for 3 years from state
Supplied machineries: 144 combine harvester, 401 tractors of 120-250 hp, 831 trailers and other attachments.
Initial level Objectives level
1995 1997 1999 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
500
1000
1500
20001980
17361420 1380
950 930701 760 820 910
1735
15061320 1330
820 810 486 536 600 675
Number of Tractors and Combine Harvesters used in Crop Production
Tractors Combine Harvesters
Crop III campaign achievement
Increase of production: • Wheat 2.8 fold• potato 80.6 percent• vegetable 28.5 percent
Decrease in import• Wheat 2.5 fold• potato 4 folds• Flour 2 folds
Self-sufficiency rate in 2011:• Wheat 100 %• potato 100 %• vegetable 62.3 %
Export of 100, 000 tonnes of wheat
NATIONAL LIVESTOCK PROGRAMME 2010-2021
• Livestock husbandry is a distinctive livelihood practice in Mongolia, the heritage of which is valued on a world scale. Livestock is a renewable resource and one of the country’s main economic pillars and the basis for Mongolia’s sustainable development.
• The Mongolian Constitution (1992) stated “The livestock of the country is national wealth and subject to state protection”.
• “State policy toward herders” to improve wellbeing of the herders by providing better access to social services and by lifting their living standard.
NATIONAL LIVESTOCK PROGRAMME 2010-2021
• Annual budget- 3 percent of the state budget• Improve animal health and productivity /obtain
of FMD free status, application of livestock identification system/
• Improve livestock product marketing
“NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY PROGRAMME,
revised in April 2011
Crop III campaig
n
“Milk programm
e
Ecological clean
product programm
e
GOVERNMENT ACTIONS -2011
Mongolian food- Mongolia soil consultative meeting initiated by the PM
Government actions -2011
Amendment to “Food Law” Integrated policy and coordination on foods – National
council /Chaired by Prime minister/ Proper distribution of rights and responsibilities:
- Minister of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry – Supply of secure food to consumers / production and importation/
- Minister of Health – healthy and safe diet
“Trade law” newly drafted Implement international standards in trade, establish
food quality control from suppliers and producers to customers
Restrict hand to hand trading Increase responsibility and accountability of traders Government coordination to prevent low quality and
unsafe foods supply to the marketApproval of “Agricultural commodity exchange”
GOVERNMENT ACTIONS -2011
Meeting with wheat flour, milk and meat producers and processors
Approval the list of food, agricultural machineries and spare parts for SME to be exempted customs tariff and VAT.
Exemption of VAT on domestically produced, processed wheat, flour, milk & milk products, meat carcasses, graded meat and by-products.
Increase in import tax on onion, cabbage, carrot, and flour
Scaling up of ISFP project approach
Increased food
availability
Increased household
income
Increased food
diversification
Increased Potato and Vegetable
Production
PROMOTION OF SMALL SCALE VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IS KEY INSTRUMENT
Scaling up of ISFP project approach
MOFALI- Ulaanbaatar Mayor’s office◦ MOU signing for the creation of 20.000 job for vulnerable
sub-urban residents to promote vegetable growing for increased income and improved nutrition availability. Allocation of 40 ha for organized groups 800 poor households headed by
active job seeker. Allocation of 160 ha for 4000 people employed in 53 organization and
enterprises affiliated to UB Mayor office.
Green revolution National programme◦ Subsidy to tractors, plastic tunnels with drip irrigation◦ potato and vegetables seeds◦ Simple tools for vegetable growing◦ Exemption of tax imposed on farm machinery
Launch of Seabuckthorn national programme ◦ Distribution of bushes, nursery trees .
EU FOOD FACILITY PROJECTS
• Mongolia-FAO-EUEnhancing Food and Nutrition Security for Vulnerable Segments of the Population of Mongolia Budget : 1.7 million USD1854 direct beneficiaries: 830 (full support) + 1024 (seed support)Duration: October 2010 – September 2013
EU FOOD FACILITY PROJECTS
Mongolia-Caritas France-EU“Food security project based on innovative
approach”Beneficiaries: 1000 poor households or 5000 people
FURTHER ACTIVITIES TO ENSURE FOOD SECURITY
Create independent professional agency for planning, implementation, management, control and evaluation of policy and activities of food security;
Accelerate the implementation of NFSP Scaling up of successful cases of projects
by facilitating land access to poor and vulnerable people for improved food and nutrition supply
Support fair trade, protect consumer health by implementing Codex and international standards to production and trade chain
Implement programmes to increase public awareness and education on food and nutrition
Contribute to world food supply and security with the naturally organic food products.
FURTHER ACTIVITIES TO ENSURE FOOD SECURITY