Post on 23-Dec-2015
transcript
MODULE INETWORKING CONCEPTS
CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS2 primary categories determined by size
LANWAN
LANUsually privately ownedLinks the device in a single office,building
or campusLAN size limited to few kilometersDesigned to allow resources to be shared
between personal computers or work stations
The resources can be h/w(eg:printer),s/w or data
LANEg of LAN found in many bussiness
environment links a work group of task related computers
Eg. Engineering workstations or accounting PCOne computer may give large capacity disk
drive and may become server to clients/w are saved in this server and used by whole
group Here size of LAN is determined by licensing
restrictions on no of users licensed to access the OS
LANLAN are distinguished from other type of
n/w by their transmission media and topology
Common LAN topologies are Bus,Ring,Star
Earlier LAN have data rates of 4 to 16 Mbps
Today it ranges from 100 to 1000 Mbps
Figure 1.10 An isolated IAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet
WAN
WAN
WAN
WANProvides long distance transmission of
data,image,audio& video information over large geographic area that may be a country,continent,or whole world
A WAN can be as simple as a dial up line that connect a home computer to internet.this is point to point WAN
WANs: a switched WAN v. a point-to-point WAN
MANn/w with a size b/w LAN and WANCovers an area inside a town or cityEg.cable TV n/w for TV transmission but
today can also be used for high speed data connection to internet
Interconnection of Networks: InternetworkWhen two or more networks are connected,
they become an internetwork, or internet
Metropolitan Area NetworksA metropolitan area network (MAN) is a
network with a size between a LAN and a WAN.
It normally covers the area inside a town or a city. It is designed for customers who need a high-speed connectivity, normally to the Internet, and have endpoints spread over a city or part of city.
A good example of a MAN is the part of the telephone company network that can provide a high-speed DSL line to the customer.
THE INTERNETThe Internet is a structured, organized
system. An internet (note the lowercase letter i) is
two or more networks that can communicate with each other.
The most notable internet is called the Internet (uppercase letter I), a collaboration of more than hundreds of thousands of interconnected network.
It is made up of many wide- and local-area networks joined by connecting devices and switching stations.
ISPsInternational Internet Service ProvidersNational Internet Service ProvidersRegional Internet Service ProvidersLocal Internet Service Providers
International Internet Service Providers At the top of the hierarchy are the international service
providers that connect nations together.National Internet Service Providers The national Internet service providers are backbone
networks created and maintained by specialized companies.
Example:SprintLink, PSINet, UUNet Technology, AGIS, and internet Mel To provide connectivity between the end users, these
backbone networks are connected by complex switching stations (normally run by a third party) called network access points (NAPs).
Regional Internet Service Providers Regional internet service providers or
regional ISPs are smaller ISPs that are connected to one or more national ISPs.
Local Internet Service Providers Local Internet service providers provide
direct service to the end users. The local ISPs can be connected to regional ISPs or directly to national ISPs. Most end users are connected to the local ISPs.