Notes 11.2 Aquatic Ecosystems

I. Freshwater EcosystemsA. Factors that affect ecosystems 1. sunlight a. key factor - photosynthesis 2. temperature 3. O2

4. salt content

I. Freshwater EcosystemsB. Streams and Rivers 1. animals adapted to strong current a. hooks/suckers b. streamline bodies

C. Ponds and Lakes 1. standing/still water a. ponds are more shallow b. plants can grow c. dragonflies, turtles, snails, frogs

I. Freshwater EcosystemsFreshwater Ecosystem

II. Marine EcosystemsA. Four zones: estuaries, intertidal zones, neritic

zones, open ocean 1. Estuary a. fresh water of river meets salt water

II. Marine Ecosystems2. Intertidal zone a. area between high tide line and low tide line 1. must be able to survive pounding waves 2. barnacles, sea stars

II. Marine EcosystemsIntertidal zone

II. Marine Ecosystems3. Neretic zone a. area below low tide line 1. shallow region extends over continental shelf 2. sunlight can pass through– photosynthesis 3. rich in living things.

II. Marine Ecosystemsb. kelp forests 1. grow in cold neretic zones 2. major producer-kelpc. Coral reefs 1. grow in tropical regions 2. made of colonies of tiny coral animals a. algae live in bodies of coral animals 1. provide food for coral animals

II. Marine Ecosystemsc. open ocean 1. light only reaches a few hundred meters 2. floating algae – photosynthesis a. provides food – tuna, swordfish, whales 3. deep zone a. mostly dark

II. Marine EcosystemsMarine Biome

III. Ocean Food WebA. Organisms connect by food chains and food webs 1. Producers are plankton a. type of algae – floats on water b. food source