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OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 1
Ben Veihelmann, Jörg LangenESA/ESTEC
Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5Overview and Status
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 2
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service
• Operational information services for policy makers, …, citizens
• Protocol compliance monitoring: ozone layer (Montreal, …), air quality (Göteborg, …), climate (Kyoto, …), emission verification
• Near-real-time services: Local air quality, health warning, aviation routing
• Assessments: Improve understanding of processes, validate chemical transport models, ground measurement networks
• Pre-operational: MACC, http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu
• Uses observations from current satellites,
in the future also from Sentinel-4, -5, -5P, …
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 3
Missions and Services
Sentinel-5p Sentinel-5 Sentinel-4
Environmental Themes
The Copernicus Atmospheric Missions: Sentinel-4, -5p and -5
air quality climatestratospheric
ozone and surface UV
global AQ at 1d temporal res.
• emission and abundance monitoring
• forecast
regional AQ at 1h temporal res.
• emission and abundance monitoring
• forecast
climate • GHG emission
monitoring• aerosol
ozone
• long term O3 evolution (total column and low resolution profile)
• surface UV (health)
• bridging between OMI and S-5
• CO and CH4
• x6 step in 2-D spatial resolution vs. OMI
• some diurnal information (with GOME-2)
• continuity and long-term datasets
• synergies with meteo payloads (embarked on Metop-SG)
• CH4 from 2 bands
• Some CO2 (quality not sufficient for operational monitoring)
• boundary conditions for S-4
• first AQ mission approved for geostationary orbit (embarked on MTG-S)
• diurnal variation, e.g. NO2, aerosol
• part of CEOS virtual constellation
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 4
Requirements Flow
High-level user needs
User requirements
Mission requirements
GMES implementation
group (2009)
Capacity study (2005)
Camelot study(2009)
S-4/-5 MAG System requirementsInstrument
development
L2 product requirements
Level-2 product development
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 5
GEOstationary (GEO)– Hourly revisit time over Europe
– Mainly air quality
– Diurnal cycle of tropospheric composition
Sentinel-4
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)– Daily revisit time global coverage
– Climate, air quality, ozone & UV
– Tropospheric & stratospheric composition
Sentinel-5 (9h30 orbit)
Sentinel-5 Precursor (13h30 orbit)
GEO+LEO
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 6
Mission InstrumentUtilization of data from
Imager Infrared sounder Other
Sentinel-4 UVN spectrometer (1) FCI (2) IRS (1) LI (2,*)
Sentinel-5 UVNS spectrometer (3) VII (3) IAS (3) 3MI (3)
Sentinel-5 Precursor
UVNS spectrometer
TROPOMI (4) VIIRS (5) CRIS (5,*) OMPS (5,*)
(1) on MTG sounder (GEO)(2) on MTG imager (GEO)(3) on MetOp-SG (LEO)(4) on dedicated platform (LEO)(5) on SNPP/JPSS (LEO)(*) synergy on higher data level
UVN = Ultraviolet + Visible + Near infraredFCI = Flexible Combined ImagerIRS = InfraRed SounderLI = Lightning Imager
UVNS = UVN + Short wave infraredVII = Visible/Infrared Imager (MetImage)IAS = Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (IASI-NG)3MI = Multi-viewing, -channel, -polarisation Imager
TROPOMI = TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument VIIRS = Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite CrIS = Cross-track Infrared Sounder OMPS = Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite
MTG = Meteosat Third GenerationMetOp-SG = MetOp-Second GenerationSNPP = Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership JPSS = Joint Polar Satellite System
GEO+LEO
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 7
GEO+GEO+GEO+LEO
NASA TEMPO ESA Sentinel-4 KARI GEMSJAXA GMAP-ASIA
CEOS Atmospheric Composition Virtual Constellation www.ceos.org/images/ACC/AC_Geo_Position_Paper_v4.pdf
USA TEMPO Europe Sentinel-4 Korea GEMS Sentinel-5/-5P
Orbit Geostationary Geostationary Geostationary LEO
Domain North America Europe and surrounding Asia-Pacific global
Revisit [h] 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour Daily, more @ higher lat
Spectral ranges UV-Vis UV-Vis-NIR UV-Vis UV-Vis-NIR-SWIR
Key products O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO, aerosol
O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO (TBC), aerosol
O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, aerosol O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO, aerosol, CH4, CO, …
Spatial resolution [km2]
9 x 5 at 35°N 8 x 8 at 40°N 8 x 7 (gas), 8 x 3.5 (aerosol) at 38°N
7 x 7 at nadir
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 8
Optical PathSun calibration
Sun Baffle
Diffuser Wheel
Diffuser Wheel Drive
White Light Source
Scan Mirror
Aperture Cover
NIR FPA
Beam Splitter Assembly
NIR Spectrometer OA
TSA Structure
Grating
GRISM Assembly
UV-VIS Collimator
UV-VIS Camera
UV-VIS FPA
Telescope
Summer FoV
Heater Envelope
Scanner Cover
YUVN
ZUVN
XUVN
Thermal Heat Shields
Sentinel-4 UVN Instrument
Optical Instrument Module
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 9
Sentinel-4/UVN Instrument
Revisit time 1h
Geographic coverage Europe + part of Atlantic + part of Sahara, FoV = 4° N/S, 11°-14° E/W
Spatial sampling 8 km at 45°N, 530 x 570 spatial samples
Spatial resolution 8.9 km N/S, 11.7 km E/W at 45°N
Spectral range UV-VIS: 305-500 nm, NIR: 750-775 nm
Spectral resolution UV-VIS ≤ 0.5 nm, NIR ≤ 0.12 nm
Spectral sampling ratio >3
Envelope 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm3
Mass 200 kg
Power 180 W
Data rate (nominal operation) 30 Mbps
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 10
Sentinel-4/UVN Scan Strategy
Instantaneous Field of View
SZA = 90 °
SZA = 92°equinox
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 11
Sentinel-5 UVNS Instrument
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 12
Sentinel-5/UVNS Instrument
Temporal resolution ≤ 24 h
Geographic coverage global
Spatial sampling< 45 km (270-300nm), < 7.5 km (> 300nm) at nadir;216 samples within 2670 km swath
Spatial resolution ~ spatial sampling distance
Spectral rangeUV-VIS: 270 – 500 nm, NIR: 685 – 710 nm and 755 – 773 nm, SWIR: 1590 – 1675 nm and 2305 – 2385 nm
Spectral resolution1.0 nm ( UV < 300nm), 0.5 nm (UV-VIS 300 – 500 nm), 0.4 nm (NIR), 0.25 nm (SWIR)
Spectral sampling ratio 3 (UV-VIS and NIR), 2.5 (SWIR)
Envelope 1145 x 1032 x 1026 mm3
Mass 270 kg
Power 300 W
Data rate (nominal operation) 20 Mbps
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 13
Spatial Footprint
GOME-2
Sciamachy
OMI
Imag
e:
Goog
le m
ap
s
Sentinel-4/-5/5P spatial resolution & sampling • Better than heritage (Sciamachy/GOME-2/OMI)• Big step toward resolving sources
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 14
Level-2 Products
1) Synergy with IRS 2) Will exploit FCI L2 cloud product if available3) Synergetic with FCI L1c 4) funding not yet secured
S4 target performance given for • VZA and SZA<60° (all products)• Cloud fraction <20% (trace gas col)• Clear sky (aer, surf, o3 pro)
species CharacteristicsS-5p expected performance S-4 target performance S-5 priority
O3 vertical profile 10-30 % (strat. 6 km res.) enhanced sensitivity to lower trop. (1,4) 1total column 3.5 – 5 % 3 - 4% 1trop. column 25 - 40%
NO2 total column and trop. column strat. < 10%, trop. 25-50 %1.5*1015 molec/cm² or
30% (goal) / 50% (threshold) 1
SO2 total column and height 30 – 50 %1.0*1016 molec/cm² or
80% (goal) / 100% (threshold) 1
HCHO total column 40 – 80 %1.5*1016 molec/cm² or
50% (goal) / 100% (threshold) 1
CHOCHO total column x (4) 1.5*1016 molec/cm² or 50% (goal) / 100% (threshold) (4) 1
CH4 total column 1.5 % - 1CO total column < 15 % - 1
Cloud optical depth, fraction, height <20 % (all parameters) x (2), x (3,4) 1
Aerosol
UV absorption index ~1 AAI 0.3 (goal) / 0.5 (threshold) 1layer height < 100 hPa 1 km 1optical depth (OD) 0.05 (SUR) 2absorption OD 2fine mode OD x 2
Surface effective reflectance x first BRF parameter 0.01 1Surface UV spectral irradiance, UV index x (FMI) - 1H2O total column x (4) - 2CO2 total column - - 2BrO total column x (4) - 2OClO total column x (4) - 2IO total column x (4) - 3HDO total column x (4) - 3
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 15
Sentinel-4 Mission Implementation Status
• S4/UVN instrument & Level-1b Prototype Processor developed by ESA with Airbus Defence & Space as prime
– Preliminary Design Review completed
– Critical Design Review mid 2016
– Flight Acceptance Review early 2021
• Level-1b geometric processing developed on platform level
• Level-2 Operational Processor developed by ESA with DLR as prime- Kick-off 2 June 2015
– Prototype and Operational Processor
– System Integration & Verification, support to Commissioning
• EUMETSAT will operate the instrument and process the mission data up to Level-2
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 16
Sentinel-5 Mission Implementation Status
• S5/UVNS instrument & Level-1b Prototype Processor developed by ESA with Airbus Defence & Space as prime
– System Preliminary Design Review completed
– Critical Design Review Nov. 2017
– Flight Acceptance Review Dec. 2020
• Level-2 Prototype Processor will be developed by ESA, Operational Processor by EUMETSAT
• EUMETSAT will operate the instrument and process the mission data up to Level-2
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 17
Schedule + Long-Term Perspective
• GOME-2 (9.30h) and OMI/TROPOMI (13.30h) provide partial diurnal information, before geostationary missions takes over with hourly data
• S4 and S5, together with IR sounders and 3MI, will be Europe’s long-term contribution to operational nadir-viewing atmospheric composition sounding
• The geostationary missions GEMS, S4, and Tempo together with S5/S5P form a global atmospheric composition constellation
• Guaranteed provision of long-term datasets in synergy with meteorological payloads is based on identical instruments no innovation on space instrument until 2035/40
• Update of geophysical requirements for future successors is under EU responsibility:
– GMES-PURE contract (2013/14)
– Requirements Framework for the next generation of the Copernicus Space Component (2015–18) (“small scale exercise” for atmosphere complementing PURE)
L.T. 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040OMI 13.30hGOME-2 - Metop B 09.30hGOME-2 - Metop C 09.30hSentinel-5p 13.30hGEMSTempo • • •Sentinel-4 - 1Sentinel-4 - 2Sentinel-5 - 1 09.30hSentinel-5 - 2 09.30hSentinel-5 - 3 09.30h
OMI STM #19 | KNMI, De Bilt, NL| 2 Sept 2015 | Slide 18Gra
phic
s: E
SA
MetOp-SG B • SCA• MWI• RO• ICI• Argos–4
MTG-I • FCI • LI
MTG-S • IRS • Sentinel-4
MetOp-SG A • METimage • IASI-NG• MWS• RO• Sentinel-5• 3MI
Sentinel-5P • TROPOMI
Thanks for listening!Ben Veihelmann, Jörg LangenESA/ESTECOMI STM 19, de Bilt, NL, Sept 2015