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Oxy-Coal CFB Demonstration Project

Minish Shah, Dante Bonaquist, Stewart Mehlman – PraxairLoren Howard – Holland (Michigan) Board of Public WorksLoren Howard Holland (Michigan) Board of Public WorksHorst Hack – Foster WheelerJoel Sminchak – Battelle

1 t O f l C b ti C f1st Oxyfuel Combustion ConferenceCottbus, GermanySeptember 7 – 11, 2009

M ki l t d tiwww.praxair.com

Making our planet more productive

Copyright © 2009 Praxair Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.

Project Overview

78 MWe (gross) integrated oxy-coal CFB project 44 MWe net output with CCS 44 MWe net output with CCS >600,000 tons/year CO2 to be sequestered Test technologies optimized for commercial scale plant Test technologies optimized for commercial scale plant Impressive environmental performance

Near zero emissions with ~99% CO2 capture and >99% reduction in SOx/NOx/Hg/PM emissions compared to air-fired CFB

With the inclusion of biomass, the plant has the opportunity for a negative carbon footprintg p

Exceeds proposed long-term (2020) DOE Energy Policy Act goals Clean - no solvents needed

Applicable to retrofits Applicable to retrofits

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Project Participants and Roles

Holland Board of Public works – Host site Praxair – ASU and CPU (CO2 processing unit) Praxair – ASU and CPU (CO2 processing unit) Foster Wheeler – CFB BoilerBattelle – Sequestration managementBattelle Sequestration managementBlack and Veatch – Project management and EPCDTE Energy – Consultant, technical oversightgy , gAES, Southern, TVA – Advisory Panel EPRI – Consultant to Advisory Panel

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Holland, MI Oxycoal CFB Project Site Metropolitan population: 260,000 Municipal owned utility: formed in 1885 Generating capacity: >250 MWe Services: water, sewage, electric & cable Financial rating: Aa or better Financial rating: Aa or better

James De Young Generating Station 3 existing boilers generating 60MWe Addition of 78 MWe CFB unit planned PRB coal biomass & tired derived fuels PRB coal, biomass & tired derived fuels Goals: air quality, growth, competitiveness

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DOE Clean Coal Power Initiative

Targeting advanced coal based power technologies that capture and store > 300,000 tons/yr of CO2 with a minimum p , y 290% capture rate

In July ‘09 DOE selected 2 CCS projects for $400MM award Pre-combustion and post-combustion CO2 capture

DOE added ~$1B in awards, invited more proposals

Application for the Holland project submitted in August

Project awards will be announced in Q4 2009

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Project Timeline

Project Definition

Design

201120112011 201320132013 201420142014 201520152015 201620162016201220122012201120112011201020102010200920092009 201720172017

Design

Construction

Demonstration

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Commercialization Advance the state of the art for the oxy-combustion option Modular design of CFB will allow direct scale-up to a commercial scale plant T h l ill b d h l ti k CCS i ll i bl Technology will be ready when regulations make CCS economically viable

Largest UnitBy 2014*

Holland, MI2015

CommercialPlant 20202020

Air-fired CFB, MWe* 460+ 78 500

Oxy-fired CFB, MWe* 10 78 500O y ed C , e 0 8 500

ASU, tpd* 3,000+ ~1,700 8000+

CPU, tpd* 600 ~2,000 9000+

Coal power plant with CCS, CO2 tpy ~600,000 ~3,000,000

* Indicates experience of the project team members

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Oxy-Coal CFB Power Plant with CCS

Water

Vent

Flexi‐burnTM

CFBBoiler

FreshWater

Lime

Fuel

CO2

Nitrogen

Air

FGCondenser

Oxygen

Condensate

Ash

CO2 Processing Unit Pipeline & StorageAir Separation Unit Power Plant

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CFB Process Advantages

Feature Benefit Flue Gas1500-1700oF

Low furnace temperatures

- Low NOx- In-bed SO2 capture

1500-1700 F

H t i l ti

-Fuel flexibility (Biomass)- Ideal for Oxy-coal CCS

T l t t f l i ti1500-1700oF

Hot circulatingsolids

- Tolerant to fuel variations - Efficient heat transfer- Simple feed systems

Uniform heat flux

15-16 ft/sec

O id t

Long solidresidence time

- Uniform heat flux

- Good fuel burnout- Good sorbent Limestone

OxidantFuel

1/2” x 0residence time Good sorbent

utilizationOxidant

Limestone1/20” x 0

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CPU Schematics

Cold boxV t (AtVPSA

Cold boxVent

Vent (Atm gases,CO, moisture,

traces ofSOx and NOx)

CO2-Rich Flue Gas(>80% CO2 ondry basis)

H2OExpander

H2OColdBox

> 95% CO2(R id l t

dry basis)

Carbon

Dryer

90% CO capture with cold box alone

(Residual atm gases,Trace SOx, NOx, CO)25 – 35 bar

Beds

Hg

FG Cooler/Condenser

90% CO2 capture with cold box alone VPSA for recovering additional CO2

Increases CO2 capture rate to ~99%

Condensate(All of HCl & HF,

Some of PM, SOx, NOx & Hg)

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Manages air ingress Near-zero emissions

CO2 Storage – Geologic Framework

Michigan Basin – a regional geologic structure consisting of thick sequences of sedimentary rocks.y

Highly prospective geological sequestration system Mt. Simon Sandstone is the primary target at depths of ~5000 to 6000 ft Injection zone is overlaid by several confining layersj y g y

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CO2 Storage- Geologic Framework Initial geological evaluation of the site has been performed The site is in a promising area for CO2 storage because the Mt. Simon is ~1,000

ft thick with high permeability and porosity, supported by data from nearby injection wells and reservoir simulations.

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Reservoir Simulations Preliminary reservoir simulations of the CO2 injection and

storage process indicate the ability to inject over 600,000 tons g p y j ,CO2 per year in a single well.

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Regulatory Framework

Air permitCO2 injection permitCO2 injection permit LiabilityWorking closely with State of MichiganWorking closely with State of Michigan

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Summary

78 MWe Oxy-Coal CFB with CCS Enable direct scale-up to a larger scale CCS plant Enable direct scale-up to a larger scale CCS plantNear zero emissions of CO2, SOx, NOx and Hg Very promising geological storage site Very promising geological storage site Strong support from the State of Michigan

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