Post on 05-Mar-2016
description
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Welcome to Pafos. Welcome to the Open-Air Factory! In 2017 the Open-Air Factory Pafos will open its doors to local citizens and visitors. We are starting to create it now, but to really start the engine and make the Factory go live we need a strong catalyst - the title of European Capital of Culture! It will be a factory of a very special kind. Departments, labs, work spaces and production units will stretch throughout the entire city, spreading into the villages and areas of the Pafos District, and into other parts of the island. All projects and events of the European Capital of Culture year will take place in the Open-Air Factory - it is our virtual and physical space for the 2017 programme.
LINKING CONTINENTS
– BRIDGING CULTURES
Pafos 2017 / Linking Continents - Bridging Cultures / 03
EuropE
turkEy
grEEcE
AfricA
cyprus
syriA
JordAnEgypt
isrAEl
lEbAnon
AsiA
AtlAntic ocEAn
mEditErrAnEAn sEA
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01. Pafos 2017 MissionStatement Messages
02. Linking Continents – Bridging Cultures Vision
03. Open-Air Factory
04. History and Mythology
05. European Dimension
06. Challenges
07. Divided Country - Divided City - United People
Pafos 2017 / Contents / 005
066
Contents
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110
132
08. City and Citizens
09. Programme Map - The Districts of Cyprus MythandReligion WorldTravellers StagesoftheFuture
10. Appendix Demography PracticalInformation Facilities ArchaeologicalSites ProposedInfrastructure 11. Fact Sheet
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Pafos 2017 / Pafos 2017 / 007
01. Pafos 2017
ThedreamofasmalltownseekingtoachieveagreatgoalisthedrivingforcebehindPafos’bidtobecomeEuropeanCapitalofCulture2017.PafosfeelsthatthetimehascometoshapeitselfintoauniquemosaiccomprisingitsculturalidentityandcreativitywhichwillcontributetoEurope’sdiversity,aswellastotheenrichmentandpromotionofthecollectiveEuropeanculture.Thistaskwouldnotbepossiblewithouttheblendofgeography,politicsandculture,foritistheseelementswhichhaveinfluencedthefateandroleofCyprusforcenturies.Underthetitleof"LinkingContinents-BridgingCultures",ourprogrammeisaimedatsummarizingwhatPafosreallyisandwhatthecityaimstoachievewithinspiration,passionandmuchdetermination.
Heirtoaculturaldevelopmentspanning6.000years,apopulartouristdestinationfortensofthousandsofmainlyEuropeanvisitors,andalivingexampleofamulti-culturalsocietygiventhatalargeproportionofitscitizensaremigrants,Pafoswantstorevealwhatithasabsorbedandwhatithasgivenback.Aboveallhowever,itseekstoshowhowitcancontributetotheEuropeanculturalscenewithinnovation,creativityandadesiretoevolvefromthepastand,atthesametime,advancewithrespecttowardsthetimelessandtrulyauthentic.Pafoswantstodemonstratehowitenvisionsitsnewidentity,howitaimstorestoretheunityofitsspace,environmentandpeople,andhowitsculturecanactasabridgetoreconnectandcreatemoreunderstandingbetweentheGreekandTurkishCypriots.
ThecitywantstoshowthatitcansupportEuropeinopeningnewavenuesofculturalcoexistenceandcooperationwithculturesinthebroaderMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,givingandtakingintheprocess.The implementationof thisprogrammewillbeundertakenbytheOpen-AirFactory.Byutilizingthenaturalelementsofthearea,suchaswarmclimate,clearskiesandabundanceofoutdoorspaces,Pafos2017willtransformthetownand,indeed,theentiredistrict,intoanopen-airculturalfactory.ByupholdingthehistoryandtraditionsofPafos,featuresfromtheculturesofEuropeandtheEasternMediterranean,theshortcomingsandtheproblems,andtheconcernsaswellasthedreamsofthecitizensofPafos,thefactorywill develop genuine productswith the activeinvolvementofalllocalgroupsofthepopulationaswellaspeoplefromabroad.
TheoverallresultwilleffectivelybeastimulationoftheculturalandsocialmovementwhilestrengtheningthecommonEuropeanculture.Asmallcity,yetfullofenergy,passionandinspiration;onewhichfacesabiggoalwithoptimism,self-awarenessandconfidence,andwith theunanimoussupportof theauthorities,organizedgroups,andultimatelyofeveryinhabitantofthePafosDistrict.Thisisourmainstrength,alongwiththeundeniabletruththatsmallisindeedwonderful.
“Pafos wants to demonstrate how it envisions its new identity, how it aims to restore the unity of its space, environment and people, and how its culture can act
as a bridge to reconnect and create more understanding between the Greek and Turkish Cypriots.”
MISSIONSTATEMENT
Pafos 2017 / Pafos 2017 / 009
Message by the Mayor
of Pafos
ThebidofPafosforthetitleofEuropeanCapitalofCulture2017encapsulatesagreatcollectivevision,onewhichissharedbyalltheauthoritiesandcitizensofthecityandDistrictofPafos.Itisthevisionofasmalltowntoleaveaclearmarkonthetitlethroughalong-termprogrammethatnurturestherichculturalresourcesandsubstancethatareenjoyedbyPafos,Cyprus,thewiderdistrictandnaturallyEurope.
InatimethatculturalemergenceacrossEuropeisincreasinglybecomingthemosteffectivemeansofstrengtheningthecommonEuropeanconsciousnessandidentity,Pafos,respondingpositivelytothebiggestchallengeinitsmodernhistory,issettingthebarhighwithmuchdeterminationtosucceed.Pafoswantstosucceedforthebenefitofthecitizenswhichmakeupthecity’sculturaldiversity,forthecityitselfandthewiderdistrict,forthepeacefulcoexistenceandcooperationofcommunitiesandethnicgroups,aswellasforthebenefitofEurope.
IamproudbecausetheMunicipalityofPafosisthedrivingforcebehindthismajoreffort,whichbothmyself,astheMayorandthecityCouncil,willcontinuetosupportwithallourcapacity.
SavvasG.VergasMayorofPafos
Pafos 2017 / Pafos 2017 / 011
Message by the Mayors of Geroskipou, Pegeia,
Polis Chrysochous and the President of the Union of
Pafos Communities
ThepursuitforthetitleofEuropeanCapitalofCulture2017bythecityofPafos,togetherwiththeactiveinvolvementofourwiderdistrict,isamatterthatimplicatesalltheotherlocalauthoritieswhichconstituteatotalofthreeMunicipalitiesand98Communities.
Forusthemostimportantistheexcitementofparticipatinginaprojectwhosescopegoesfarbeyondtheboundariesofoursmallcountry.Ourcitiesandsocietiesarecarriersofanage-oldculturalheritageandtradition,placesrichlyendowedinnature,placesofcohabitationandjointcreativityinallfields,andwherenatives,migrants,retireesfromEurope,touristsandvariousmulticulturalgroupscoexistinspiteoftheirdifferentculturalandnationalbackgrounds.TheyarevibrantcentresofcontemporaryEuropeanmulticulturalism,andourambitionistogenerateacreativedialoguebetweenourpeopleandthosefromEuropeandtheEasternMediterranean,undertheumbrellaofPafos2017.
WeareconfidentthatbysupportingthebidofPafoswearereinforcingalong-termprojectforthedistrictandforoursmallcountry.Weareevenmoreconfidentthat,withthissupport,wearestrengtheningthecommonEuropeanculturalidentity.
MichalisEfthymiouPresidentoftheUnionofPafosCommunities
NeofytosAkoursiotisMayorofPegeia
TasosKouzouposMayorofGeroskipou
AggelosGeorgiouMayorofPolisChrysochous
ThePafosChamberofCommerceandIndustry,astherepresentativeofthebusinesscommunityofourDistrict,emphaticallystatesourstrongsupporttotheeffortsofthecityofPafosinitsbidasacandidatecityfortheEuropeanCapitalofCulture2017.OurChamberwelcomesthisinitiative.Pafoscouldnotremainindifferenttothisgreatchallenge.
TheEuropeanCapitalofCultureprocessgrowsinEuropeanrecognition.ThecityinCypruswhichwillsharethehonourwiththecityinDenmarkwillalsohavetheprivilegeofbeingintheEuropeanspotlightandmayevenbehighlightedontheglobalscene.IthasthepotentialtobecomethecentreofEuropeanculturalactivity.Inthisrespect,theoverallmutualadvantageswillbediverseandconsiderablyhigh.WesincerelybelievethatPafoshasalltheprerequisitestomeetthisgreatchallenge.Wearecommittedandwillingtowork,methodically,collectivelyandefficientlywiththeMunicipalityofPafosandotherinvolvedorganizationsinmeetingourcommongoal.
OurChamberofCommerceandIndustryactivelysupportsalleffortsinthisdirection,beitinthesearchforpartners,resourcesortalentsponsoring,strengtheninglinksbetweentheartandculturalworldandenterprises,cultureontheworkfloororcooperationwithartistsinsolvingconflictsthroughthemobilizationofsupportforchangeandproductinnovationoranyotherrelevantaspect.TheChamberwillcontributeandactivelyassisttothemaximumofitsabilitiesandinapositivemannertowardsthisinitiative.
WesharetheviewthatPafoswantsandneedstobetheEuropeanCapitalofCulture,andisabletomakethishappen.
GeorgeM.LeptosPresident
Message by the President of the
Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Pafos
Pafos 2017 / Pafos 2017 / 013
ThePafosDistrictAdministrationisgladtobecloselyinvolvedinPafos’effortstobecomingtheEuropeanCapitalofCulturefor2017,withalong-termperspectiveofourcommitment.
Presentedwiththisgreatopportunityandchallenge,theDistrictofPafoshasthedesireandreadinesstoopenitsdoorswidetostimulationintheculturalandparticipatoryactivityofthecommunities,totheenrichmentandupgradingofinfra-structureinkeysectors,andtothepromotionofnewformsoftourismdevelopment.Itpossessesthethirsttolivethevisionof2017,thusevolvingitselfintoasourceofcreation,enrichmentandrenewalofEuropeanculture.OurDistrictproclaimsitsrichsourceofheritage,tradition,historyandculture,itsenvironmentalwealth,itsgrowthpotential,aswellasitsmulticulturalism.
AstheDistrictOfficerofPafos,IexpressmystrongestsupporttowardsthecandidacyofPafos.Thisisnotafulfillmentofanyformalobligation;itismotivatedbymybeliefthatPafosneedsthistitleandcanbeartheweightofit,andthatitcanapplyitforthegreaterbenefitofthedistrict,ofCyprus,andofEurope.
YiannakisMallouridesPafosDistrictOfficer
Message by the District Officer
of Pafos
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02. Linking Continents - Bridging Cultures
LINKING CONTINENTS
- BRIDGING CULTURES
Pafos 2017 / Linking Continents - Bridging Cultures / 017
Pafosisacitywheretheantithesisoflove and Hateistangible.
Pafos2017tellsastoryofadividedcitywitha2.300yearoldhistory.Itshowshowlovethroughandwithculturecancreateunityforacommunity,acity,acountryandEurope.
BybecomingEuropeanCapitalofCulture,wenotonlywanttotellstoriesbuttowriteanewchapterinthehistoryofaunitedcity.this is our moment.Throughculture,itispossibletocreateaunitedentityinacountrywiththeonlyUN-guardedborderintheEuropeanUnion.Allthathappensinacityshapedbythemythoflove:ChosenfirstbythegoddessAphroditeherself,Pafosbecamethecentreofthethen-knownworld’sworshipoflove,beautyandsexuality.Forcenturiesonend,countlessadherentsanddevoteesfromEurope,AsiaandAfricahaveconvergedontoAphrodite’ssanctuarytoferventlypartakeinthemysteriesofloveanddesire.
Equallydesiredforitsstrategiclocation,Aphrodite’s birthplacehasalwaysbeenonthewish-listofmajorpowersseekingwealthandcontroloftheEasternMediterranean.Duringitsmillenniaofcontinuoushistory,PafoshasbeeninvadedandconqueredbyAfrican,AsianandEuropeanempiresexpandingthroughendlesswarsontheverygroundwherelovewassodevotedlyworshipped-anuncannyallusiontoAphrodite’scarnaldesirestowardAres,thegodofwar,andtheultimatebetrayalofherhusbandHephaestus,theuglygodoftheforgeandoffire.
TheantithesisofLoveandHatehasthefollowingimpact:•dividedcountry•dividedcity•dividedcommunity
BeautyandUgliness-LoveandBetrayal-PacifismandRage-tothisday,Aphrodite’sseeminglycontrastingnatureandpropheticactshaveneverseizedtoamazeastheyprovetobesosymbioticwiththehumancon-dition.Yetthosecontrastsnowprovetobeablessingforitisoutofpolarforcesthatgreatpotentialisgenerated.
Itispreciselythatpotential,steadilyaccumulatedoversixtycenturies,thatPafos2017transformsintocreativeenergyandchannelsintosuccessfulsynergieswithEuropeandtheMiddleEast,fulfillingitsaspirationasatwo-waybridgeintheEasternMediterranean.ThemottoofPafos2017is"LinkingContinents-BridgingCultures".
“It is precisely that potential, steadily accumulated over sixty centuries, that Pafos 2017 transforms into creative energy and channels into successful synergies with Europe and the Middle East, fulfilling its aspiration as a two-way bridge in the Eastern Mediterranean. The motto of Pafos 2017 is 'Linking Continents - Bridging Cultures'.”
Vision
Pafos is a small city in a small province in one of the
smallest countries of the European Union. But small is beautiful. We are able to handle big numbers. We need
numbers of people to co-create our future in all creative
fields: artists, composers, game-designers, dancers
and so on. We have many open spaces with potential
for creative energy. We have structures in place to
receive large numbers of European visitors, migrants
and foreign residents. We need the power of each and every one to bring along the creative energy and
work on the antithesis of love and hate that for more
than 2.300 years has been so tangible in our city. All
visitors and creative people can take our message and
experiences with them wherever they go next. We feel
the people in our city dream to overcome the division
and to create unity now. Pafos 2017 develops a new
coherent European production system for a sustainable
cultural impact.
Pafos 2017 / Linking Continents - Bridging Cultures / 019
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03. Open-Air Factory
OPEN-AIR FACTORy
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WelcometoPafos.WelcometotheOpen-AirFactory!In2017thiswillbeauniversally-heardphrasewhenyoucometoPafosasavisitor.In2017theOpen-AirFactoryPafoswillopenitsdoorstolocalcitizensandvisitorsfromEuropeandallovertheworld.Wearestartingtocreateitnow,fillingthespacewithideasandcreativeactivity-buttoreallystarttheengineandmaketheFactorygolivewe need a strong catalyst-thetitleofEuropeanCapitalofCulture!
Itwillbeafactoryofaveryspecialkind.Departments,labs,workspacesandproductionunitswillstretchthroughouttheentirecity,spreadingintothevillagesandareasofthePafosDistrict,and-asPafoswillberepresentingallofCyprus-intootherpartsoftheisland.AllprojectsandeventsoftheEuropeanCapitalofCultureyearwilltakeplaceintheOpen-AirFactory-itisourvirtualandphysicalspaceforthe2017programme.
OurFactoryisopen-air:•Becauseculture and creativity need air to breathe andtheinspirationoflocalandforeignwinds-withtheskyastheironlylimit.•BecausePafosisanopen-aircity-forninemonthsayearpeopleliveintheopenair-underthewarmMediterraneansun,intheshadeoftrees,intheprivategardensandpatios,inthestreetcafésandrestaurants,atthebeaches,onthewalkwayalongthecoastline.•Becauseculture in Europe started as an open-air
activity-intheamphi-theatresofantiquity,intheagorasandthecircuses.•Becausethatiswherethecitizens,visitorsandespe-ciallythetouristsare:outintheopen.TheOpen-AirFactorybringstheEuropeanCapitalofCulturetowherethepeopleare,totheirusualenvironment.Theycanenjoyartsandculturehere,wheretheyusuallyspendtheirleisuretime.Itwillbeanewandunexpectedelementaddedtothepublicspacewherepeoplewillbeabletoexperiencetheirusualhabitatinasurprisinglydifferentway.
PhilosophyOurFactoryisprogrammed to link continents and bridge cultures.OurFactoryliesononeofthemostancientterritoriesofculturalhistoryinEurope.AllEuropeanculturesofantiquityhavelefttraceshere
“All projects and events of the European Capital of Culture year will take place in the Open-Air Factory - it is our virtual and physical space for the 2017 programme.”
andhaveinfluencedwhatwearetodaytoalargedegree.OurFactoryliesonthecrossroads of three continents,Europe,AsiaandAfrica,andweareawareofthestrongMiddleEasterninfluenceonourcultureandmentality;afterallweareclosertotheLevantinecountriesthantoGreeceoranyotherEuropeancountry.Manydifferentbloodstreamsrunthroughourveins,withtheseprovidinguswiththeunderstandingandawarenesstobeabridgebetweenEuropeandourneighbours,facilitatingcreativecommunicationandexchange.
Andafterall-asweareacityinadividedcountrywithdividedpeople-ouryearningistoovercometheabyssinourownmindsandtolinktheseparatedcontinentsandbridgethetorn-apart cultures at our own door-step.
PatronsThepatronsofourbigenterpriseareAphrodite,thegoddessofbeautyanddesirewhoemergedontheshoresofPafos,alongwithheruglyandlimpinghusbandHephaestuswhowasthegodoftheforgeandoffire.TheyarenotonlycloselyconnectedtothestoryandhistoryofPafosbutarealsotheinspirationtosetupanOpen-AirFactoryinPafos.AfactoryinPafosisinitselfadichotomy,justlikeAphroditeandHephaestus-beautyandugliness,loveandhate,harmonyandcacophony,agricultureandtourism,beautiful landscapesanddestructionofnature,traditionandmodernity,industrialspacesandrurallandscapes.Pafositselfisfullofdichotomies(touristsandlocals,urbanandrural,uppercityandlowercity)andtheOpen-AirFactorywillbeaplacewhereallthiswillberenderedvisibleandworkedwith,allunderthepatronageofthefigureheadsofourheritage.
RawMaterialsTheset-upoftheOpen-AirFactoryissimple, with a very human dimension. Therawmaterialthatweuseforourprocessesareourhistoryandidentities,ourcustomsandtraditions,ourwishesanddreams,ourideas,ourcreativity,ourresentmentandhatred,ourvoidsanddeficits,ourcontradictions.Everythingwillbeusedasrawmaterialstobetransformedintowhatwewanttocreatefor2017andbeyond.
“We are not seeking culture for the few. Instead, we want everyone on board.”
Pafos 2017 / Open-Air Factory / 025
StaffandProductionUnitsThepioneerstaffoftheOpen-AirFactorycomprisestheteamofPafos2017.OurproductionunitsanddepartmentsarethedifferentgroupsandcommunitiesofPafos.Theartistsaswellastheculturaloperators,thelocalpopulationaswellasmigrantsfromdifferentcultures,theforeignresidentsandtheshort-termtourists,thecityitselfandthelandscapearoundit,thesea,thefields,thevillagesofPafosDistrict.Wearenotseekingcultureforthefew.Instead,wewanteveryoneonboard.Wewillaskchildren,studentsandyoungprofessionalstocreatemachinesforthePafosOpen-AirFactory-localgroupsfromPafoscityandDistrict,fromLimassol(Lemesos)andNicosia(Lefkosia)andLarnakaandFamagusta(Ammochostos),groupsofyoungGreekCypriotsandgroupsofyoungTurkishCypriots.WewillaskgroupsofyoungpeoplefromAarhusandSØnderborg,fromBritain,GreeceandotherEuropeancountries,fromourtwincityinItaly(Anzio)andfromthehomecountriesofourmigrantswhonowliveinPafos.
ProductsAllthisshouldresultinsomehighqualityproducts:anopenmindsetembracingdifferentculturesandnewinfluences;acommonEuropeanidentity;aPafosembarkingonanewera;anurbandevelopmentinfavourofpeople;acityscapeandlandscapethatalllocalsandvisitorscanclaimastheirsharedandcommonspace.
Butitdoesn’t.the outcome is not at all what you would expect ifyoulookattheinput.
WeakestLinksTocreateasystemthatdevelopsaunitedentityisnosinecure.
ThefirstquestiononeaskswhenarrivinginPafosis:Where is pafos?Ifyouaskthetouristsandlong-termresidentstheywillanswer:inKatoPafos,downbythecoastwhereallthehotels,restaurantsandbarsare.Thelocals,ontheotherhand,wouldanswer:inAnoPafos(thetermisintroducedtosuitthepurposesof
thisbook),theuppercityonthehill,wheretheresidentquarters,theschoolsandcityauthorities,thetheatreandparksare.
pafos is a separated city, andtheFactorydepartmentsliefarawayfromeachother-notonlyphysically.Thehotelsbytheseahavecutoffthelocalpopulationfromtheircoast.Thereisnoopenviewfromtherestofthecityontothebeachesandcoastlinesforkilometres,withthishavingsubstantiallychangedthecharacterofPafos.Pafosneedstourism.Butthisputsaheavyburdenontheenvironment,theheritageandthetraditionsofthepeoplewholivehere.Itstiflesthefeelingofidentity,belongingandtogetherness.
Theproductionunitsdonotinteracttoowellwitheachothereither,sinceeverygroup-migrantsofdifferentcommunities,locals,tourists,residents-donothavemuchcontactexceptfortheverybasicdailyneeds.they do not interact as a teamworkingonthesameproductandstrivingtowardsachievingacommongoal.
Aboveandbeyondallthat,thecitylostsomeofitsidentityinthewakeofthe1974events.ThecityhasbeenaffectedbytheabsenceofTurkishCypriotsandtheemptyspacestheyleftbehind-butitisahidden woundandnothingthatpeopletalkabout.
RepairandMaintenanceWearelackingsomethinginourfactory-anenergyboost,amotortocreatemomentum,anoil-cantogreasetherustedandstuckmachinery.Weneedinspiration,motivationandhelp.ThetitleofEuropeanCapitalofCulturewouldbeacatalystwhichwouldsetthingsinmotion-aneutralmeetingspaceinthefactorywherealltheworkersofthefactorycanmeetandsitaroundthetabletofindoutwherethingsaregoingwrong;anewperspectiveandanewhopetofixalotofbrokenthings;amotivationtoestablishanewprocessmanagementandbring the production units closer together; astrongimpulsetohaveacommongoalandmakeagoodproduct.NotonlyforourselvesbutforfuturegenerationsofPafiansandEuropeans.
MachinesWebelievetheOpen-AirFactoryshouldbeafactorythatpeoplecansee and touch. Inordertoachievethis,
wewantlocalandEuropeaninvolvement:peoplewhowillworkonthevisionitselfandparticipateintheprocess.ItwillbeaEuropeanandinternationalfactory.Everylocalandvisitorwillbeabletolocatetheelementsofthefactoryonamap-findinghisorherway to thedifferentvenuesandspaces for theEuropeanCapitalofCultureprogrammetakingplaceontheFactory’spremises.
MachineswillpopulatethecityandmarksomesignificantproductionpointsoftheFactory.Machineswhich produce creativity, amazement, joy andknowledge,andwhicharethemselvesaproductofcreativity,amazement,joyandknowledge.NGOs,
“How do we solve conflicts between different ethnic groups? How do we deal with people coming from outside the country? What makes us European? And what do we have in common with the Europeans at the other end of Europe, our sister Capital of Culture? How do others in Europe deal with urban development and what can we learn from that? What are European values and how can we protect them without being dismissive?”
Pafos 2017 / Open-Air Factory / 027
schools,universities-theywillallbeaskedtoparticipateinbuildingmachinesfortheOpen-AirFactoryinPafos.
Thesemachinescanbemadeofscrapmetal,ofdiscardedandobsoletematerialsthatthe"engineers"willcollect.Eachgroupwillinsertonespecial"ingredient"oftheircityorcountrythatwillbeareminderandagreetingfromEuropeandbeyondtothePafiansandtheirvisitors.Themachinescanbefantasymachinesorfunctional,andcouldeitherinteractwiththeaudienceorserveasframeworksforwhatevermayberelevanttothecitywhichcreatedthem.
Somemightevenbeaworkinprogress.Visitorsandlocalscanadditemsandattachelements,makingthemachineslivingandgrowingobjects.
ProductionLabsEnergizedbytheEuropeanCapitalofCulturetitle,wecouldnotonlygetthingswhicharestuckuprunningagain,butevenlooktothefutureandcomeupwithnewpossibilities.Theproductionlabscouldprovide space for exploration. Europeankeyquestionslike"Howdowesolveconflictsbetweendifferentethnicgroups?","Howdowedealwithpeoplecomingfromoutsidethecountry?","WhatmakesusEuropean?AndwhatdowehaveincommonwiththeEuropeansattheotherendofEurope,oursisterCapitalofCulture?","HowdoothersinEuropedealwithurbandevelopmentandwhatcanwelearnfromthat?","WhatareEuropeanvaluesandhowcanweprotectthemwithoutbeingdismissive?"willbetackledinourproductionlabs.
Allthesequestionsandmore,alongwiththepractical,artistic,andcreativelevelsimpliedandentailed,wouldbedealtwithinourproductionlabs,inworkshops,thinktanks,conferencesandforumsduringtheEuropeanCapitalofCultureyear-invitingexpertsandbest-practice examples from Europeandbeyond.
EnvironmentalDepartmentOurDanish"neighbours"havelongbeenpracticingwhatforusisaninnovation:everyfactoryneedsanenvironmentaldepartmentthatmonitorshowtheproductionprocessescanbemademoreenvironmen-tally-friendlyandhownatureandpeoplecanbeprotectedforthegoodofallmankind.
Theprojectneapolis smart Ecocityisahugeprojectforinnovationalmethodsofcombingagreencitywithintelligentwater,energyandwastemanagementwithresidentialneeds,health,education,andculturalinstitutionsandeconomy.ThesitewillcompriseacademicresearchcentresandthecampusofNeapolisUniversityPafos.
IntheremotepossibilitythatNeapolisSmartEcoCityisnotfinishedby2017,wewillstillintegrateitintoourOpen-AirFactoryasanimportanturbandevelopmentandastrongholdofenvironmentalissues.WemustalsoavoidthepossibilityofSmartEcoCityaddingathirdelementofdivisiontothealreadyphysically-separatedcity.
Inourenvironmentaldepartmentwewillalsolookat some issues of tourism and its effects on natural resources and the landscape-anddealwiththewaywe,thecitizensofPafos,treatourenvironment.
BranchFactoryEverysuccessfulfactoryhastoexpandandstrivetowardsgoodnetworkingandpartnerships.Henceweareplanningon opening a branch of our open-Air factoryintheEuropeanCapitalofCulture2017inDenmark.Exchangesinfieldsliketheenvironment,childrenandyoungpeople,maritimeactivitiesandtourismcouldbebeneficialtobothsides.ArtisticandexpertcollaborationandprojectscanbesetupandpresentedinAarhus/SØnderborgandPafosrespectively.
AnotherbranchcouldbeopenedinLondon-wherethelargestexpatriatecommunityofCypriotslives.
Wearestillplanningandthinking-itisaworkinprogressandanopenprocess.
Tobecontinued…Sostaytuned!
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04. History and Mythology
HISTORyAND
MyTHOLOGy
Pafos 2017 / History and Mythology / 033
“And so soon as he [Cronos] had cut off the members [of his father Uranos] with flint and cast them from the land into
the surging sea, they were swept away over the main a long time: and a white foam spread around them from the immortal flesh, and in it there grew a maiden. First she drew near holy Cythera, and from there, afterwards, she came to sea-girt cyprus, and came forth an awful and
lovely goddess, and grass grew up about her beneath her shapely feet. Her gods and men call Aphrodite, and the foam-born goddess and rich-crowned Cytherea, because
she grew amid the foam, and Cytherea because she reached Cythera, and cyprogenes because she was born in
billowy cyprus…”
(Hesiod,TheogonyVs.188-202)
PafosinajiffyAbirthplaceofGods,aparadiseofloveanddesire,ahavenfortravellersbetweentheworlds,awealthymetropolisofancienttimes,aculturalhubpraisedbyHomerandHesiod,anobjectofdesiretoconquerorsandadventurers,acitysubduedbyforeignenemies,aplacedeprivedof itsmagic,atownsunkenintooblivion,acolonyinthehandofforeignrule,acityfightingforindependence,atowninthelastdividedcountryinEurope,aresortfortherefugeesofatragicalconflict,atouriststronghold,anemergingfinancialservicescentre,aEuropeancityofthe21stcenturyatthecrossroadsbetweenEurope,AsiaandAfrica-andin2017anOpen-AirFactory.AllthisandmoreisPafos.
FewifanyeventshavesparedPafosalongthecenturies.nothing just passed by, everything and everyone left traces, residuesofculturesanddisruptingevents-onthepeople,onthelandscape.
LayersofMycenaean,Hellenistic,Roman,Christian,Byzantine,Frankish,OttomanandBritishculture.Noteventhebirthofagoddesssparestheshoresof
Pafos,noearthquake,noassaultofpirates,notasingleculturalstreamofantiquity.NothingofthishasleftPafosunchanged-acityconstantlyevolvingandchanging,rising,shiningandsinkingintoinsignificance.
Andnowthepresent:Ourquestforourownidentity,ourpotential"renaissance",ourstandinamodernEurope,ourneedsandshortcomingsandwhatwehavetooffer-andthechancetoshowthistothepeopleofEuropethroughtheOpen-AirFactory.
Thebuzzofthemillennia…Pafoslooksat9.000yearsofprehistoricallyreligiousworshipandancientculturalsplendour.Allofthepasteventshaveaninfluenceonourpresent.Howcanwetakeallthisheritageandhistoricalenergyintothefuture?
PafosisoneofthoseplacesintheEuropeanUnionwherelayersofculturesandstoriesaretangible.Themillenniaarenothiddeninthegroundanymore;theylieintheopenforeveryonetosee-tornoutofthewomboftheearthtobecomevisible.
However,ourdefinitionofcultureshouldbeseeninthewidestsense:cultureisapowerfulhumantoolforsurvivaland,atthesametime,isafragilephenomenon.Itisconstantlychangingandeasilylostbecauseitexistsmostlyonlyinourminds.Ourwrittenlanguages,institutions,buildings,andotherman-madethingsaremerelytheproductofculture.Theyarenotcultureinthemselves.Onecannotdigupcultureinexcavations.Thebrokenpotsandotherartefactsofancientpeoplethatarediscoveredareonlymaterialremainsthatreflectculturalpatterns-theyarethingsthatweremadeandusedthroughculturalknowledgeandskills.Withthisdefinitioninmindwelookatourbasicquestions.
…stillbuzzingWewanttoshowourchildrenandthegenerationstocomethattheirculturalheritageisnotjustapileofstones,picturesofwhichtakenfromallanglesbybusloadsoftourists.Wewanttodevelopfromourheritageandpropnewgreenbranchesonasturdytreethathasshownitselftobestrongandhealthyandunshakable.
Pafos 2017 / History and Mythology / 035
Everytimetherewasachange,everytimesomethingnewwasintroduced,somenewculturemergedwiththeold.Everytimethishappenedaneweradawned,newdevelopmentstookplace.Andwearehappythatthishappened.Itshowsthatourcultureisalive.Atthispointofourhistory,2011,wearereadytoonceagainmakepossibleabigchange. this time the change will come from within, from everybody who wants to get involved to partner with us in the European capital of culture process -eitherasaudience,butpreferablyasinterlocutor,co-creatororasanactivepartintheprojects.WeusetheOpen-AirFactoryasour"productionspace"forthischange.Wesetupourfactoryintheopenairinordertoreachpeople;wewillnotbehidinginplacesandvenueswhereonlycertainaudiencesgo.
However,inordertogetanunderstandingofthelimitationsorpotentialwhichPafoshas,onehastolookatthehistoricalbackgroundandatthepositionoftheislandonthemap.WhatdoesitmeanwhenwesaythatCyprusisatthecrossroadsbetweenEurope,AsiaandAfrica?
looking at the location of pafos, one instantly sees that the island is actually closer to turkey, syria and lebanon than to greece and the European union. Itisnestledinapositionwhereeverytravellerwho,indaysofold,travelledfromtheMiddleEastandhinterlandtoEuropeorAfricaorviceversawasalmostautomaticallywashedtotheshoresofCyprus.
LoveinAphrodite’shomelandAccordingtoHomer,Hesiod,Euripidesandmanyotherauthorsofantiquity,thegoddessAphroditeemergedfromthefoamoftheseaofftheshoresofPafos.ThislegendmostprobablyemergedfromthefactthatsinceprehistorictimesafertilitycultexistedonthecoastofPafos.Itwasonlyinthe12thcenturyBChowever,withthesettlementofMycenaeanGreeksontheislandofCyprus,thattheolderEasterngoddessAstarteoftheBronzeAgewashellenizedasthegoddessofloveanddesireAphrodite.
Thefirstsettlement-andthefirstcity-inCypruswasPalaipafos(OldPafos)wheretheSanctuaryofthegoddessandtheearliestremainsofthecitycanbe
found.OnthecoastofwhatisnowthevillageofKouklia,a mighty sanctuary was built - visible from far away over the sea. ThroughtheimpressivecolumnedhallsoftheSanctuarypassedendlessprocessionsofpriestessesinwhiterobeswithbarebreasts guiding theworshippers - and givingthemselvesasservantsoflovetotheyoungmen.ThousandsofmenandwomenservedintheSanctuary.Parentsdonatedtheirchildrentothegoddess,andrichmerchantsboughtbeautifulgirlsasofferingstoKypris("Κύπρις")asHomerandEuripidescalledAphrodite,inadirectreferencetoherCypriotorigins.
OnceayearalargecelebrationoflovewasheldwhichcommemoratedtheunionofAphroditeandAdoniswhowasbynomeansAphrodite’sonlylover,irrespectiveofhermarriagetoheruglyandlimpinghusbandHephaestus.Thiswasaninterestingaspectofthecult,andillustrateshowtheever-presentstateoftensionbetweenbeautyanduglinesswasviewedinatotallydifferentwayinancientGreekculturethantoday.UnseemlinesshasalwaysbeenaclosecompaniontobeautyinthecultofAphrodite-openingupawholenewaspectofhowonecanperceivetheconceptsofbeautyanduglinessinourmodernEuropeancultures.Today,thisisillustratedinthefinearts,butalsotoanevengreaterextentinhowpeopleperceivetheirhabitatandtheurbancontexttheylivein.
TheannualcelebrationsattheSanctuaryofAphroditeinvolvedmusic,poetryandsportscompetitions.Even300yearsafterChristianitywasfirstintroducedtotheisland,thecultremainedalive,andtothisdaythereexistsasmallchurchdedicatedtothevirginAphrodite.TheadorationoftheVirginMaryintoday’sChristiantraditionoftheMediterraneanseemstobeacontinuationoftheworshipoffemaledeitiesofthoseancientandpre-historictimes.
Aphrodite’smagicandtheinfluenceofhercultarestillkeptalivebytherichculturalheritageofPafos.Ourmodernspringflowerfestival"Anthestiria"isanactualre-enactmentoftheancientfestivalforAphrodite,duringwhichseparateprocessionsofgarlandedmenandwomenwalkedalongtheSacredWayfromNeaPafostotheshrineofAphroditeatPalaipafos.
MorethanoneoftheprojectsweareplanningfortheCapitalofCultureyearrevolvearoundthethemeoflove,desireandthegodessesworshippedatPafosformorethan4.000years.Andhavingbeenshakenbyalotofbloodshed,especiallyinmoderntimes,wemightbeintherighttoemphasizethisaspectofourheritagealittlemorethanweusedtointhepast.
TheremainsoftheSanctuaryofAphrodite,archaeolog-icalexcavationsofmagnificentpublicbuildings,andsumptuousprivatevillas,allindicatethatPalaipafoswasaverywealthyplaceofpilgrimageandconsequentlyof tradeat thetime.Thehistoryand legendsofPalaipafosaresointertwinedwithGreekmythologythattheoriginofPafosasacityisattributedeithertothefatherofAdonisasthefounderandfirstHighPriestoftheAphroditesanctuaryortoAgapenor,theArcadianKingofTegea(Peloponnese).LegendhasitthataftertheTrojanWarhewasdrivenbythewindstothewesterncoastofCyprusandfoundedPafos.
Pafos 2017 / History and Mythology / 037
PersianinterludeAroundthefifthcenturyBC,PafosandthewholeislandwitnessedthefirstinvasionandsubsequentsubjugationbythePersians.However,itappearsthatduringPersianruletheCypriotkingdoms,includingPafos,retainedsomeformofautonomy.
Pafosinthe4thcenturyBCwaswealthy,andculturallymostlyinfluencedbyHellenicor,tobemorespecific,Atticart.TheshortperiodoffreedomthatAlexandertheGreatbroughttoCyprushoweverdidnotlastverylong.AfterhavingbeenappointedgovernorsofEgyptatthebeginningofthe4thcentury,thePtolemies,theGreekroyalfamilywhichfoundedtheGreatLibraryofAlexandria,alsotookCyprus"alongtheway".
PtolemaicruleBythetimethePtolemaicrulewasestablishedinCyprus,thelastKingofPafos,Nikokles,hadabandonedPalaipafosastheseatofhiskingdomandhadmoved
thecitysome15kmnorth-probablybecausePalaipafosdidnothaveasuitableharbour.Palaipafosremainedthesiteofthesanctuarybutitwasthenewcity,calledNeaPafos,whichdevelopedintotheculturalhubofCyprus.Thetownsawagreatexpansionofitstrade,andbecamethelargestcommercialcentreontheisland.for more than 400 years pafos was the capital of cyprus.
PafoshadanoteworthyculturallifeduringthePtolemaicperiod.Theatreflourished,andthecityprogressedtobecomeawell-knownculturalcentreoftheregion.Sculptors,poetsandscientistssettledinthefertileatmosphereofPafos.Thesilhouettesofmagnificentbuildingsalongthecoastmusthavebeenanimpressivesitetotravellersandinhabitantsalike.Thefamous"TombsoftheKings"thatarestillalmostcompletelypreservedtothisdaydatefromthisera.Thenecropolis,withitssumptuouslydecoratedsubterranean"houses",wasneverusedasaburialplaceforkings,stillthe
“More than one of the projects we are planning for the Capital of Culture year revolve around the theme of love, desire and the goddess worshipped at Pafos for more than 4.000 years. And having been shaken by a lot of bloodshed, especially in modern times, we might be in the right to emphasize this aspect of our heritage a little more than we used to in the past.”
impressivearchitectureanddecorationdeservesthename.
TheApostlePaulCypruscanbeconsideredastartingpointofChristian-izationinEurope,giventhatitwastheveryfirstdistrictoftheRomanEmpiretobegovernedbyaRomanpro-consulwhoconvertedtoChristianity.
TheApostlePaularrivedinCyprusin45ADandtravelledtoPafos,stillthecapitalofCyprusunderRomanrule.Summonedbeforethepro-consul,SergiusPaulus,theBible’s"ActsoftheApostles"describehowPaulconvincedtheRomangovernorofthepoweroftheChristianGodbystrikingthesorcererElymaswithblindness.
ThearrivaloftheApostlePaulmadeanimpactontheislandasitwascertainlythedawningofyetanewera,notonlyforPafosandCyprus,butforthewholeRomanEmpire.it is not until the 4th century Ad that the cult of Aphrodite ceased to exist.
Thecityreacheditsculturalpeakduringthelate2ndandearly3rdcenturyADwhenitwascalled"Augusta claudia flavia pafos, the sacred metropolis of the towns of cyprus". Thecitygrewrapidly,andits
populationreached30.000inhabitants.Itisfromthisperiodthatmostofthehouseswithrichmosaicdecorationsstillseentodaydate.
ThedeclineAseriesofearthquakeswhichhitPafosduringthe4thcenturybroughtnotonlydestructionanddepopulationbutalsoitsdowngrandingasthecapitalofCyprus.WhileCypruswaspartoftheByzantineEmpire,Salamis,renamedKonstantia,becametheadministra-tiveandecclesiasticalcapitalofCyprus.AtthesametimetheByzantineEmperorTheodosiosorderedtheclosing-downofallpagansanctuaries.ThisdeliveredthefinalblowtotheworshipofAphroditeatPalaipafos.PafosnotonlylostitsstatusasthecapitalofCyprus,butalsoasoneofthelargestandmost"popular"placesofworshipofthethen-knownworld.
Inthecourseofthefollowingcenturies,ArabraidswroughtalotofdestructioninandaroundPafos.TheByzantinefortofPafos,thatcontinuestothisdaytobeoneofthe landmarksofthecity, illustratestheinhabitants’hugeeffortstorepeltheruthlessinvaders.
Asaresultoftheseincursions,thecitymovedonceagain,thistimetothehillsofKtimaabovethecityofNeaPafosorKatoPafos(LowerPafos)asitiscalledtoday.in fact to this day the city of pafos spreads over three main sites:TheSanctuaryofAphroditeandtheoldestremainsofPalaipafos(todaythevillageofKouklia),thecityofNeaPafosonthecoastalittlenorthofthat(todayKatoPafos-the"tourist"partofthemoderntown)andthelastsettlement,Ktima,foundedduringtheByzantineeraandbecauseoftheraids(thepresentdaytownofPafoswheremostofthelocalslive).
In1570theOttomanTurksinvadedtheislandandruledforthenext300years-animportanthistoricalswitchwhichtothisdaycontinuestoaffectthefateoftheisland.
ModerntimesThelocal,19thcenturyliberationmovementwhichbeganin1821-inthewakeoftheindependencemovementinGreece-wassuppressedbytheTurks.GreekCypriotswerepubliclybeheadedorhanged.DuringthesteadydeclineoftheOttomanEmpire
Pafos 2017 / History and Mythology / 039
“After millennia of eventful history and highs and lows, the small town of Pafos is now, on this very day,
on the brink of a new era once again.”
Pafos 2017 / History and Mythology / 041
however,1878sawGreatBritaintakingcontrolofCyprus,withBritishcolonialrulebeingenforcedthroughouttheisland.Anarmedstruggleforfreedomwaslaunchedin1955,withthisresultinginCyprusfinallygainingitsindependencein1960.
Still,freedomdidnotnecessarilybringpeacetotheisland.TurkishandGreekCypriots,unliketoday,werelivingsidebysideeverywhereontheisland.In1963oldresentmentsmanifestedthemselvesinviolentclashesamongneighbours,andarmedconfrontationstookplace in thecentreofPafos, leavingmanycasualtiesonbothsides.
InJuly1974theGreekJuntaandtheirCypriotcollaboratorsseizedpowerbyacoupd’étatagainstArchibishopMakariosIII,theelectedPresidentoftheRepublicofCyprus.Turkeytookadvantageoftheunstablesituationontheislandandlaunchedaninvasionjustfivedaysafterthecoup,causingsignificantdestructionallovertheisland.ArmedclashesbrokeoutbetweentheTurkishandGreekCypriotsofPafosonceagain.
AlloverCyprusthousandswerekilledorwentmissing,andtensofthousandslosttheirhomesandproperties.Morethan160.000GreekCypriotsweredisplacedfromthenorthernareasandcametothesouthofthecountry-somesettlinginwhatwasformerlytheTurkishCypriotquarterofPafos-andarround50.000TurkishCypriotslivinginthesouthernareasweremovedtothenorthernpartoftheisland.Anabsurdsituationforallthatcontinuestothisday.OfPafos’numerousTurkishCypriotpopulationatthetimeonlyfewindividualsarestilllivinginPafostoday.IntheformerTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalos,onecanstillseetheemptyhouseswhichtheTurkishCypriotsleftbehindwhentheymovedaway,whileinthesurroundingdistrict, a number of villages formerly inhabited by turkish cypriots are now ghost-like.
Throughallthis,itbecomesclearthattheresentmentbetweenGreekandTurkishCypriotstowardsoneanotherisnotjustamodernonedatingfrom1974whenthenorthernpartofCypruswasinvaded.Thereisadeep-rootedmistrustandcenturiesofbloodshedtobeovercomeinthemindsofbothGreekandTurkishCypriots.
AssumingthemantleofEuropeanCapitalofCultureofferspreciselysuchanopportunityasregardsliftingthepallnowhangingoverthecurrent,stagnantrelationships.Itcanhelpopen the doorsonofficialandhumanlevelsalike,enablingpeopletoworktogetheranddevelopprojectsaimedatbringingTurkishandGreekCypriotsclosetogetheragain-afterallweareallCypriots.
AstheterritoryinthenorthernpartofCyprusincludessomeofthemaintouristareas,namelythetownsandregionsofFamagustaandKyrenia,newtouristdevelopmentareasinthesouthernareashadtobefound.OneofthemwasPafos.Andonceagainanewerabeganforthecity.BasicallyhoweveronecansaythattourismwasnotthemostnaturaldriverofdevelopmentinPafos.
Aftermillenniaofeventfulhistoryandhighsandlows,thesmalltownofPafosisnow,onthisveryday,onthebrinkofaneweraonceagain.Itssituationinthepresentanditsaspirationsforthefuturecanonlybegraspedandworkedwithifitseventfulhistoryisunravelled.Andit’spreciselythereinthatliesoursenseofurgency.pafos needs the title now and not in 20 years time. Theswitcheshavetobesettoday:tounitethedifferentgroupsofpeopleinPafos,toopenuptotheTurkishCypriotsandourcommonheritage.TheOpen-AirFactorymakesitpossibletoincludethehistoryoftheplaceandtomakeitvisibletolocalsandvisitorsinawaythattiesinthepastwithwhatishappening,ratherthanseparatingitssitesfrompresentdayPafos.
this is the time for changes and a new perspective for the people of pafos: tobecomeaEuropeanCapitalofCultureinthe"fareast"ofEuropeandinthe"farwest"ofCyprus.
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Pafos 2017 / European Dimension / 043
05. European Dimension
EUROPEAN DIMENSION
Pafos 2017 / European Dimension / 045
Withthisbid,PafoswishestocontributetooneofthekeychallengesfacingEuropetoday:therespectfulco-existenceofpeoplesharingplaceswheremultipleidentities,valuesandobjectivescohabitandconstantlykeepredefiningoneanother.
in pafos, European issues are there for all to see. JustlikeourdividedcountryofCyprus,Pafosisacitycomprisingtwoparts.Pafoshastobecomeonewholecityagain.Thepeopleinthecitywantthetwopartstobecomeoneagain.Theeffortofthecandidacyforthe
EuropeanCapital ofCulturehasalreadybegunbringingthecity’sdiversegroupstogether;wedonotwanttolosethismomentumandsplitapartagain.Weneedthistitlenow,beforethefissuresturnintochasms,andbeforeourvividvisionforasustainable,forward-looking,well-knit,multiculturalEuropeancityfades.
ThisisthegreatestchallengeforPafos:toturnanarenaofdifferenceintoafieldofsynthesisthatcanworkonthreesuccessivelevels:firstly,onthelevelof
“With this bid, Pafos wishes to contribute to one of the key challenges facing Europe today: the respectful co-existence of people sharing places where multiple
identities, values and objectives cohabit and constantly keep redefining one another.”
thecity’ssocialandculturalcomposition,bringingtogetherits disparate communities through cultural projects and spatial interventions, repairing the citizens’ broken relationship with the city, and restoring civic confidence and pride. Secondly,onthelevelofthecountry’sdeepestwound,itcandevelopintothestructuresthatunwindtheinjuriesofthepastandhelptheisland’sviolentlyseparatedcommunitiesofGreekandTurkishCypriotsfindacommonlanguageofpeacefulcoexistenceandcollectivegrowth.Andthirdly,ontheEuropeanlevel,itcanprovideideasonhowglobal influencescanbegraftedonto localcultures,connecting people of various backgrounds and breathing new life into older traditions.
Cyprusisanisland-countryinEurope,ontheborderoftheEuropeanUnionandmuchclosertothecountriesoftheMiddleEastandnorthernAfrica.NotonlyisitrelativelyisolatedfrommainlandEurope,italsosuffersfromaseriouslong-standingpoliticalproblemthathastornitslandanditspeopleapart.Weneedtoopenup to and strengthen its connections andequal-basispartnershipwiththeUnionthroughchannelsthattranscendpoliticsandeconomy,andalsoforge longer-lastingandmorefruitful links.the "linking continents - bridging cultures" motto describes the position that pafos once had and seeks to assume again: onthegeographicalandculturalcrossroadsofEurope,AsiaandAfrica.Forcenturies,PafoshadbeenthefirstpointofentryforallcivilizationscrossingtheEastMediterranean,welcomingsettlers,goods,andideas.Anditiswelcomingpeoplefromallovertheworldasvisitors,residentsandmigrants,andtheirinfluences.Furthermore,asithaddoneinthepast,Pafoswantstobeabletotransformtheseinfluencesintonewexpressionsandsharethemback,startingwiththepreparationsfor2017andcontinuingwellintothefuture.Weknowwearesmall:asmallcityinasmalldistrictinoneofthesmallestcountriesoftheEuropeanUnion.Yetweaimhigh.small is beautiful.Westronglybelievethatculturecanbringaboutsocialtransforma-tionandurbanregeneration.WeareseekingtobecomeEuropeanCapitalofCultureinordertointroducecultureandinitiatechangeintheheartofawiderareathathasbeenyearningforit.Pafosanditsdistrictaresmallenoughtoapplyground-breakingideasand
“We know we are small: a small city in a small district in one of the smallest countries of the European Union. Yet we aim high. Small is beautiful.”
“Pafos might be a city in a young member-state within the European Union, but it has been a stronghold of European culture since ancient times.”
Pafos 2017 / European Dimension / 047
implementinnovativepilotprojectsthathaveadirectimpact,butit’salsolargeenoughtobearinterestingresults;theECoCprocesspotentiallyestablishesaculturalpolicythatencompassesurban,suburbanandruralareastoshareandfurtherco-developalongsidesimilarareasinCyprusandabroad.
the open-Air factory concept can be the basis of sharing and co-developing, asitwasatfirstconceivedinordertoovercomePafos’primarysetback-thelackoflargeindoorspacesforculture-buthassincedevelopedintoanoverarchingnarrativethatdrawseverythingtogether:theproposedculturalprojects,thevirtualandphysicalspacesofthecity,thedistrict,thecountryandEurope,and,mostimportantly,thepeoplewhowillparticipateinthisculturalcelebration;theFactory’smanpower.Theopennessofthemodelrefers tospace, to theparticipantsandto time,meaningthattheFactorytobesetupin2017willcontinuetoproducecultureoveranareawiderthanPafos,forpeoplealloverEurope,andbeyondthelandmarkdate.
Thirtysevenyearsagoourcountryexperiencedadevastatingtragedy.Sincethen,pafos has undergone a major transformation from a provincial town into a popular tourist destination, butithasnotsucceededinmendingthespatial,socialandemotionalgapsleftbehindbyitsrelocatedcitizens.Growingnumbersofmigrants,residentsandtouristsinrecentyears,aswellastheensuingunplannedgrowth,haveaggravatedthecity’sproblems,creatingalooseurbantissueandatatteredsocialfabricthatneedtoreconnect;awayfromsingle-mindedideasandnationalistsensibilities,culturecanbecometheyarn,whilethetitleofEuropeanCapitalofCulturecanbetheloomthatwillturntheragbackintoarichtapestry,partoftheembroideryofaunitedEurope.
LargediscussionsonEuropeanissuesarenewinourlocalcontext.Fromourpointofview,itisthetitleandtheprojectofbeingtheEuropeanCapitalofCultureitselfthatmakeallthedifference.ThefactthatwehavebeendiscussingtheEuropeanDimensionandwhereourcitiesaspotentialEuropeanCapitalsofCultureaddvaluetoEurope,isevidenceenoughthatthetitleitselfcreatesanewEuropeanDimensioninacity.But,asweareconfrontedwiththeneedtobecome
awareofwhatwearedoingandhowitcanberelevanttoEurope-andhowrelevantEuropeistous-thenitsuddenlybecomesapassionatesubject.All of a sudden Europe becomes the subject fervently sought after.
Sinceinthisbidweseecultureinitscontextofparticipation,educationandmobility-we use a broad definition of culture. TheEuropeanCapitalofCulturetitleforPafoswouldmakeallthedifferencebecauseeverythingwedo,all thedecisionswetake, theprogrammefor2017,andtheplansandpolicieswediscussforthefuturebecomesaturatedwiththeurgeto thinkonaEuropeanscalewithin thisbroaddefinition-tolookoutmoreforwhatourfellowEU-statesdointermsofculturalpolicy,andtomeetthestandardsof21stcenturyEurope.
Pafosmightbeacityinayoungmember-statewithintheEuropeanUnion,butithasbeenastrongholdofEuropeanculturesinceancienttimes.Onahistoricallevel,PafosisfullofremindersofEuropeancultureandisalsooneofitscradles.theEuropean dimension in historical terms can be seen everywhere in the city: whetheritisinancientspacesandmonumentsorintheemptyspacesthatourcompatriotsofTurkishethnicityleftbehindjustrecently-ingoodandbad, our history is European history in a nutshell. WhathappenedandishappeningherehasbeenexperiencedbyalmostallEuropeancities,regionsandcountries:peaksofculturalgoldenages,declineandloss,warandhatredamongneighbours,destructionandre-building,minorityissues,emigrationandtheinfluxofthe"foreign"intheformofmigrantsandrefugees.Europe isavillagewithacommonhistoryandcommonexperiencesasregardsdifferences.
Allthisis,ofcourse,true,buthowdopeopleonthestreetfeelaboutit?Dowefeel"European",asCypriots,Danes,GreeksorBritish?IsthereacommonEuropeanidentity?Whataretheclichésandwhereistheprogress?Areweawareofthefactthatwesharecommonvaluesthatwestruggledtoachieveformanycenturies?
Thesearesubjectswewanttoaddressin2017.WiththeOpen-AirFactory-thenarrativeandphysicalspaceinwhichourCapitalofCultureprogrammetakesplace-wewillpartnerwithEuropeonanequal
basis inourprojectandbecreative infindingaEuropeanidentity.Allexchanges,partnershipsandco-creationsarebasedonthistheme.Becausewhatdoesitmeantocreateacommonidentity?Itisthecoming-together of individual peoplewith therealizationofhowmuchtheysharebeyondapurelypersonallevel,aswellastheacknowledgmentofthiscommon"good"astheirpointofreferenceandmomentofidentification.
ThepersonalexperienceofencounteringpeoplefromdifferentpartsofEurope inartisticandculturalinteractionisoneofthehugebenefitsthattheEuropeanCapitalofCultureaddstothecity.Itgoeswithoutsayingofcoursethatoureffortandresponsibilitywillbepreciselytoensurethatconditionsfavouringthisexist.Still,itisthetitlethatcreatesthematrix.
Themomentwhenaperson,acity,anationisconfrontedwiththe"other",withthe"foreign"or"different",isthemomentwhenamorepronouncedidentity-processtakesplace.PafosandEuropeasawholefindsitselfconfrontedwiththatwhichisdifferent-throughmigrationandthequestionofhowtokeepone’sidentityandstilldealwiththenewandbeopentotheimpulsesthatforeignculturesbring.Intheprojectsandplanstocreatespacesinthecity,whereallthedifferentgroupslivinginPafoscanmixandmingle,wehopetopromotetheawarenessofpeoplethatitistheirdecisionwhetherourEuropeansocietieswillsucceedinfindingthetrickofcooperationandlearnfromeachother.Beyondthematerialisticenergyofthetourist-businessandthecompetitionofglossyadvertisements,the European capital of culture title process helps create a space of co-existenceandaclimatepromotingcreativeprocessesandrealexchangebetweencultures.
AwardingthetitletoPafoswouldstimulateCyprustoactasaculturalhubinourpartoftheworld.Inparticular,wewouldliketoaddressthefactthatinfluencesfromIslamicandArabcultureshavealwaysbeenstronghere.ThoseMiddle-EasternculturesconstituteapartofourmentalityasbothPafiansandCypriots.in the light of recent developments in Arab countries, we would like to act as a bridge between oriental and occidental culturesand people throughourEuropeanCapitalofCultureprogramme.
InEurope,weshouldallbeincreasinglyawarethattheEuropeanDimensionbecomesmoreimportantastheinfluenceofnon-Europeanvaluesandwaysoflifebecomesmoreacute.FortheEuropeanCapitalofCultureinPafos,weseeitasourresponsibilitytoopenlyaddressthesubjectandfindsolutionsthatwillmakeEuropeanopenplatformandatthesametimekeepitaplaceofstronghumanisticanddemocraticvalues.
“With the Open-Air Factory - the narrative and physical space in which our Capital of Culture programme takes place - we will partner with Europe on an equal basis in our project and be creative in finding a European identity.”
Pafos 2017 / European Dimension / 049
“Still we see the title as a responsibility to show our awareness for the
European Dimension by presenting the whole picture, to act as one cultural entity with a
diverse and rich culture - oriental and occidental - with different languages
and ethnicities.”
Another leveloftheEuropeanDimensionisthemillionsofemigrantswholefttheirhomecountriestofindnewhomes-andtheeffectsonthecountriestheyleave.ManyPafiansemigratedtoothercountries,mostlytoBritain.OurinvitationreachesouttothemtoreturntoPafosin2017andsharetheirEuropeanexperienceoflivinginatleasttwolanguages,twocultures,andtwomentalitiesinEurope-andmeetthemigrantsthatarenowpopulatingtheircity.ThePafianemigrantsmightevenhaveleftyearsagofortheverysamereasonsthatmigrantshavenowcometoPafos.ThemigrantsmightnotyetfeelathomeinPafos,whiletheemigrantsmightnotfeelathomeanymore.BothofthempossiblyhavemoreexperiencesincommonthanthelocalPafiansandex-Pafiansmightshare.Itwillbeanexperimentandadeeplyhumaneacttosetupaprojectandasktheex-Pafianstofind"mentors"amongtheirPafianrelativesandfriendswhowill foster an immigrant family or singleindividuals-practisingthelanguage,helpingwithauthorities,introducingthemtothePafianwayoflife,invitingthemtofamilyreunionsandcelebrations-andat the same timegiving the "mentors" theopportunitytolearnsomethingaboutthecountriesoftheirnewfellowcitizens.
WelookforwardtotakingthisopportunitytopartnerwithEuropeonanequalbasis.TheEuropeanDimensionisanaddedvaluebroughttoeveryEuropeanCapitalofCulture,andineachcanbeseenondifferentlevels.TheaimoftheCapitalofCultureinPafosisofcoursetoinviteEuropeanartistsandculturaloperators,andtoencourageco-creationandrealdebate.Butalsotofindotherformsofco-existenceandwork on our common European project through which we can find our own cultural identity andyetnewways tobeopen-minded(andnotindifferent)towardsdiversityanddifferencesamongthepeopleofEurope.
pafos as a European capital of culture will represent all of cyprus. Weareadividedcountry-politicallythereisnodoubtaboutthat.StillweseethetitleasaresponsibilitytoshowourawarenessfortheEuropeanDimensionbypresentingthewholepicture,toactasoneculturalentitywithadiverseandrichculture-orientalandoccidental-withdifferentlanguagesandethnicities.Nomatterwhatthepoliticalcircumstancesmightbe,webelievetheEuropeanDimensionentailslookingforlastingvaluesanddeeperprocessesofhumandevelopment.
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Pafos 2017 / Challenges / 051
06. Challenges
CHALLENGES
Pafos 2017 / Challenges / 053
InPafostherearemanychallengestoaddressa)ifthecitywantstoovercomethepastandembraceafuturethatwillnotdestroythenaturalresourcesthroughtourismandeconomicexploitation,b)ifPafoswantstobringourcommunitiestogether,andc)ifPafoswantstobe"LinkingContinents-BridgingCultures"notonlybetweenothersandourselvesbutalsowithinourowncountry.
TourismandEnvironmentTourisminPafosisamixedblessing.Itiseconomicallyvitalbutastrainonsomeotherareas.Thethreemaininfluencesoftourismareontheenvironment,onthesegregationofthecityandonthesocialstructuresofthelocalpopulation.
PafoshasacorrespondingpictureoftheoverallimageofCyprusasregardsthemaintouristsourcecountries.However,touristscomingfromtheUnitedKingdomhavealargermarketshare(67%),followedbyRussiaandGermany.
AlargesectionoftouristarrivalsaregroupsfromScandinaviancountrieslikeFinland,Sweden,DenmarkandNorway.
Parallelsocietiestoday pafos continues to grow faster than other cities of cyprus. Thedistrict'seconomyreliesheavilyonthetourismindustry,andthe importanceofagricultureisdeclining.PafoscomesfirstonthepreferencesoftouristsvisitingCyprus,andamountsto32%(includingPolisChrysochous)ofthetotaltraffictoCyprus.Intotalnumbers,thismeansover700.000visitorsperyearanda"touristpopulation"ofaround30.000peopleinPafoseachweekduringthehighseasonbetweenAprilandOctober.Thatamountstoa"cityinthecity"-apracticallyparallelsociety.ThissituationisevenmorepronouncedbythefactthatthelocalpopulationlivesmainlyinAnoPafosandthetouristspopulateKatoPafos.LocalswalkingonthestreetsofKatoPafosstandoutasthe"odd-ones-outinthepicture"andnotviceversa.
Itisoneofourmajorissuestobringtheseparatepartsofthecityandthepeoplefrequentingthemtogether-asdescribedabove.Withalltheeconomicinterestsinvolvedindealingwithtourism,itwilltakeaprojectliketheEuropeanCapitalofCulturetobeanon-com-mercialelementinthedebate-addingameta-levelofvalueandinterests(civic,social,cultural,artistic)tothecity;anelementthatisusuallyrarelyfoundbutclearlyvisibleincitiesbearingtheCapitalofCulturetitle.
EnvironmentTourismisadouble-edgedsword:itisaneconomicnecessityandanenvironmentalandsocialstrain.AconsiderablepartofthetouristsinPafosrelativelyconsumemoreresourcesthantheygivetowardtheeconomytocreatesustainableenvironmentalprotection.Itisobviouslydifficultforthoseeconomicallydependentontourismtorealizethattheyare,infact,committinglong-termeconomicandecologicalsuicideiftheycontinuetoexploitresourcesastheydo.
However,Pafosisarelatively"young"touristdestinationcomparedtomanyothersthatsprungupinthe1950sand1960s.Itwasa"substitute"thatwasdevelopedonlyafterthenumber-onetouristareasinthenorthernpartofCypruswerelostin1974.Mostofthehotelswerebuiltinthe1980s-aperiodwithmuchhigherenvironmentalawarenessthantheprecedingdecades.nature around pafos is described as close to "intact",withthenearbyAkamasPeninsulabeingforested,anditsbeachesusedbyendangeredsea-turtlesseekingaplacetolaytheireggs.
Ofcourse,thesensitiveeco-systemcantakeonlyacertainamountofstrainbeforeitcollapsesoratleastshowssignsofdamage-andtherearemorefactorsthantourismputtingastrainontheenvironment.
AsPafosis,toaverylargeextent,dependentontourism,thegreatchallengewillbetoreconcileenvironmentalawareness-whichisyettobedevelopedbythelocals-withreasonabletourismnumbersandsustainablelong-termprotection.
AsDenmarkisverymuchaheadofCyprusinenviron-mentalmatters,itwillbeinstructiveforresearchersandpossiblyNGOsinCyprustomeetwithDanish
expertsfromeitherAarhusorSØnderborg,lookatbest-practiceexamples,andestablishlong-termprojectsonenvironmentalissuesandonaspectsofsustainableandeco-friendlytourismdevelopment.
TheCapitalofCulturecannotsolveallproblemsontheisland-butitcandrawtheattentionoflocalsandvisitorsaliketocertainissuesinaplayfulway.Itcanraisesensitivityonhowtoappreciatenatureasacommonly-sharedhumanheritageratherthananeconomically-exploitablefeature-whichalsowouldbeverymuchintunewithrespectfortheearthpracticedintheancientcultofAphroditeandprehistoricfertilitygods.
Re-inventingPafosasanopen-airspaceAconceptthatactsasframeworkandaninspiringnarrationforthechallengesPafos2017seekstoface,andalsoasagoodwayofre-inventingPafosasaproductive, innovativeandcreativespace, is theOpen-AirFactory.Itcanbringtheseparateparts(touristvs.local)ofPafostogether,notonlyforthepurposesofaEuropeanCapitalofCulture,butalsoasasustainablemodeloffutureurbandevelopment.Itwillinvitepeopletoclaimtheopenspaceastheirown.
PafosisblessedwitharichnaturallandscapeandaMediterraneanclimatethatallowsenjoyingtheopen-airforatleastninemonthsperyear.Theseconditionshaveshaped,throughtime,alifestylelocatedoutdoorsasmuchasindoors,withmostofthecommunalactivities,includingpublicfeastsandprivatecelebrations,takingplaceintheopen-air.Familylifeisusuallymovedoutdoorstoo:onpatios,inyards,onverandasandbalconies.ItisthistraditionthatPafoswishestotakeadvantageofandenhance.AsEuropeanCapitalofCulture,itwillimplementanextensive urban regeneration programme,withtheaimofrestoringopenpublicspaces(parks,squaresandpedestrianareas),upgradingcentralareas,creatinglinksbetweenimportantsitesandarchaeologicalspaces,andrecoveringthelostconnectionwiththenaturalenvironment,thelandandthesea.In2017,theseoutdoorspaceswillhostnumerousactivities,culturalinthevastsenseandartistic:anOpen-AirFactoryforhumanity,artandculture,witheventsthroughouttheyearandthroughouttheentireDistrictofPafos.Allwillbeencouragedtoparticipate,artists
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andnon-artistsalike,localsandvisitors,peopleofdifferentgroupsandages,workingtogetheronthechallengesdescribedinthefollowingchapter,provingthatcreativity and culture is a collective endeavourthatreallymakesadifference.After2017,thesespacesandtheachievednewawarenesswillcontinuetoprovidethecitywithitsmuch-neededrespite,asopportunitiesforfurtherhappeningsandevents,
organizedorspontaneous,andasinfrastructureforanactivepubliclifethatwillstrengthenthebondsamongcitizensofallEuropeancountriesmeetinginPafos,stimulatedevelopmentandinvigoratecivicpride.
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07. Divided Country - Divided City - United People
DIvIDED COUNTRyDIvIDED CITy
UNITED PEOPLE
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Followingacoupd’étatinanattempttojoinCypruswithGreeceandtriggeringaninvasionbyTurkishforcesin1974,Cyprusisnowadividedcountry.Theceasefireline,ofwhichthesectioninNicosiaiswidelyknownas"GreenLine",stillmonitoredbyUNtroopsandpermeableonlysince2003,dividesthenorthernpartoftheisland-whichhasbeenoccupiedbytheTurkishtroops-fromtheareacontrolledbytheRepublicofCyprusinthesouth,withtheislandinitsentiretyinternationallyrecognizedasanindependentcountry(RepublicofCyprus)andhavingjoinedtheEuropeanUnionin2004.Thiscausedanevenmoreabsurdsituationsinceformallythenorthernpart(notrecognizedasastate)becameapartoftheEUaswell.Thetragedyseparatedneighboursandfriends-ofteneventurningtohostilityandviolencecausingsufferingonbothsides-theTurkishCypriotsandtheGreekCypriotsalike.
Thebiggestwound-aswasmentionedintheHistoryandMythologychapter-mightnotbetheseparationofthecountrybutratherthatofthepeople:ThepopulationofPafosandthesurroundingvillages
consistedofaround30-40%TurkishCypriots,andMouttaloswasanall-TurkishquarterinthecityofPafos.IthasalreadybeenmentionedthatTurkishCypriotswererelocatedtothenorthernpartoftheislandintheaftermathoftheTurkishinvasionwhileabout160.000GreekCypriotswereforcedtoabandontheirhomesandsettleinthesouthernpart.Theyalllefttheirproperties,fields,jobs,friends,neighbours,thehousesandgravesoftheirfathersandgrandfathersbehind.
Scarstellstoriesandbringtheunspeakabletothefore.Oneofthesestories-orrathermanyofthem-becomepalpablein the former turkish cypriot quarter of mouttalosinPafos.DesertedbyitsTurkishinhabitantswholeftforthenorth,itistodaypartiallyinhabitedbyGreekCypriots,eventhoughmanyofthehousesremainemptyorneglected.Tothisdaythehousesareownedbytherefugeesnowlivinginthenorth-justlikeTurkishCypriotsinthenorthnowliveinhousesownedbyGreekCypriots.Withthespiritandattachmentoftheformerownerslostandgone,theatmosphereofalivingandthrivinghabitathasalmost
disappeared.ThetraditionaldoorsofMouttalos-carvedwoodendoors,eachofthemtellingthestoryofafamilyinthespecificornamentstheycarry-rotanddecayandarereplacedbysoullessaluminiumdoorswithbarsthatmakethemlooklikegatestoprisoncells.Ofwhatoncemorethanathirdofthepopulationof pafos, only very few turkish cypriots remain.
Thedivisionisomnipresentandyetsoveryfaraway.Morethan140kmseparatePafosonthefarwesterncoastfromthedividedcityofNicosia.ThereisnoTurkishCypriotcommunityinPafos,nodirectlinkstothenorthexceptthenostalgiaandlongingoftheformerrefugees-andtheirresentment.No.Nottheirresentment.Ourresentment.
YetaEuropeanCapitalofCulturecannotpossiblyavoidthesubject,cannotevendaretothinkitallhasnothingtodowiththecityitself.pafos 2017 is willing to put the finger on one of the last open wounds of Europe,anditwillbepainfulandunpleasanttoconfrontthesubjectformanyofus-formanyofthePafians.
Therearehopefulsignsthatevenwherepoliticsfail,thepeoplewillbeabletoworktogether,togothrough
creativeprocessestogetherfortheirownsakeandthatoftheirchildrenandgrand-children.Projectslikethe"OpenKhan"willtrytoreviveavitalityandculturalvibrancy.Still,Pafos2017knowsthatinordertotouchbasewiththelocalpopulationweneedtogomuchdeeperintodevelopingprojectswithourfellowCypriotcountrymenfromthenorth.ThiscouldmeancallingTurkishCypriotartistsinforayearofresidenceinthequarterofMouttalosforexample,andsendinglocalartiststoavillageinthenorthformerlyinhabitedbyGreekCypriots.ItcouldmeanfindingTurkishCypriotcraftsmenwho still know theart of traditionaldoor-carvinginthenorthandinvitingthemtomakeanewdoor,carveanewdesignwithteenagersfromPafosthattellsthestoryofanewPafos-aPafosofhowitwillbein2018orin20or50yearsafterbeingEuropeanCapitalofCulture.
Pafos2017willhavetoaddressthesubjectbecausethisisthefirstquestionasked.Wedonotknowtheansweryet.WhatwedoknowhoweveristhattheEuropeanCapitalofCulturetitlewillpresentuswiththedriveforboththisandmanyotherprocessesinPafos.
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DividedcityPafosoffersauniqueandwide-rangingspectrumofculturalandnaturalmonumentsthatspanthehistoryofhumansettlementontheislandofCyprus.AsEuropeanCapitalofCulture,pafos wishes to share these exceptional sites with the specific groups in the entire European community, re-establishingtheirpotentialasbearersofcollectivememoryandvesselsofon-goingculturaldebateandsynthesis.Atthesametime,thecityaimstoreawakenitsdormantcreativeandproductiveforcesbytransformingitsphysicalspaceintoaseriesofforaforcasualencounter,leisureandplay,exchange,creativityandgrowth,embracingallculturesthatshapeitspresentanditsfuture.
WhereisPafos?Intermsofurbanstructure,Pafosprovidesawidefieldofchallengesforurbanandarchitecturalreconnection.Thecityissplitintotwomainlocations-AnoPafos,theuppercitywithadministrativeandresidentialareasofthelocalsandmigrants-andKatoPafos,thelowercity,alongthecoast,hostingmainlyhotelsandtourists.Moreover,thecitydoesnotoffermanyopportunitiesforencountersbetweenlocalsandvisitors.
AnoPafoshasarelativelydenseurbanenvironment,withouttallbuildings,butalsowithoutpublicspacesforgatheringorleisure,neitherforadultsnorforchildren.TheleisureareasarecentredinKatoPafos,yeteventhesearemainlyaddressedtoyoungeradults.Itishere,however,wheremostofthecity’simportantmemoriesarefound;sitesthattestifytothecity’shistoryfromtheOttomanandBritishcolonialtimesuntiltoday;tracesofacourseandalifethathasenrichedthecitywithneighbourhoodsandbuildingsthatremindusofpastlifestyles,suchastheTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttaloswiththenarrowwindingalleysandtheenclosedcourtyards,evidenceofafriendlierandmorerelaxedwayoflife.OrtheGreekOrthodoxchurches,theOttomanbaths,themosque,theneoclassicalbuildingsthatattesttothelongandarduoushistoryofCyprusthroughtheages;placesaswitnesses,mostlyinvisibleandusuallyinaccessible.
KatoPafoshasdevelopedapeculiararchitecturalidiom;itsprimarytraitisthe"wall"definingthewater’s
edge,comprisingaseriesofmulti-storeyhotelswhichseparatethecityfromitswaterfront.Asecondcharac-teristicistheexistenceofintrovertedresidentialcomplexes,withapartmentsownedbyforeigners(ofBritish,Russian,orScandinavianorigin)thatareorganizedaroundsemi-publicspaces(courtyardsandpools).Thesespacesareusedasmeetingandcontactvenues,andhavethusagenuinepubliccharacter.Yetthevarioussocializingactivitiesenactedinthese"protected"privately-ownedpublicspacesaredesignedto"keeppeoplein",disassociatingvisitorsfromthecity’soverallserviceareas,spacesofleisureandentertainmentandplacesofcontactandsightseeing.Finally,theendofthehotelwallattheharbouristransformedintoawatersideareafulloflife,withrestaurants,cafes,shopping(mostlyjewellery,opticalandtouristwares)thatdisplaytheirmerchandiseatthesideofthepedestrianwalkway,creatingtheatmosphereofayear-roundfair.
TheurbanspaceofPafoshasbeenshapedbysocialprocessesrelatingtodominantvaluesandculturalmodelsofprecedingdecades.Thedecisiveelementforitsorganizationisinformationandexchangeor,inotherwords,flow.Thecentreisnolongertheprivilegeddomainoftheurbancommunity,butafunctionalsitethathoststhemovementofgoodsandinformation.Thecentreoperatesaspartofacommunicationsystem;communicationthatisliteralratherthansymbolic,andofafinancialratherthanculturalnature.
Theseformulationsimposenewmannersintheuseandappropriationofspace:insteadofthecentripetalconfigurationofthepast, the city is shaped by communication axes that connect discreet sites over great distances. Pafosiscurrentlystructuredadditively,asaloosearrayofdistinctplaces.
Astheculturalfunctionofthecitycentrehasfaded,publiclifehasbeenprivatized,andpublicspacesforgatheringsandcommunicationintheheartofthecityhaveshrunkdramatically.Thecitystreetsandsquaresnowrespondtoheavilycongestedtraffic.Sidewalks,parksandplazasarealmostnon-existent.Togetherwiththeprivatizationofpubliclifeandthebreakdownofcommunitylife,anewworldhasemerged,subjecttotherationaleoftheutile,theeffectiveandtheindividual.Everythingthatsupportedasenseof
communityhaslostitsstatusasaprivilegedsiteofcollectiveexpressionanddeclarationoftheunityofthegroup,thecultureandthesocialstructure.Instead,forthesakeofmodernfunctionality,thecitycentre,oncethe"bear-it-all"ofcitizens,bothliterallyandsymbolically,hasnowbeenbrokendownintoscatteredyet specialized servicehubs thatpraiseutility,effectivenessandefficiency.
Prominentfeaturesofcontemporarylifearetheexplosionintherateofexchangesandthespeedintheconsumptionofobjectsandlifestyles,activitiesandleisure.Thisephemeralityandinstabilityarenotattributesmerelyoffashionandmaterialismbutalsoofestablishedpracticesandvalues.Andyeteveryoneseekssomestabilityandsecurity,whichcanbeachieved through the re-introduction and re-acquaintance with principles such as authenticity, thesenseofplaceandheritage,idealsthatstemfromnatureandthepastthroughaselectiveandcriticalprocess.
Theurgentrequestthaturban space be "returned" to its citizens and visitorscanbemetwithextensiveurbanredesignandrestorationprojects;pedestrianprecinctsandlandscapedplazascanbecomepublicspacesthatinvitepeopletogetherandrestoreciviclife.Revealingthehiddenandinaccessiblemonumentswill firstlyguarantee thecontinuationof theirexistence,but,mostimportantly,enrichthegeniuslociandreinforcethesenseofplace,historyandheritage.learning about the city,itsnumeroussitesandbuildings,willstrengthenboththeurbanandculturalidentityofPafosaswellasthelocals’andvisitors’relationshipwithit.
EnvisioningPafosTwocities,twocentres,twosocieties,twourbanlandscapes,manylifestyles.Andanurbanculturethatisdissectedbetweentheglobalandthefunctionalontheonehandwhichsuppressthesymbolic,thelocalandthehistoricontheother.
Thechallengeandthevision:the two cities must be joined, flowingintooneanother,makingthebestuseoftheirsharedadvantagesandeliminating,asmuchaspossible,theirdrawbacks.Theurbanspace,andwithit,theurbanculture,havetobere-structuredin
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ordertointegratethefunctionalwiththesymbolic,thelocaldimensionwiththeglobal.Understandably,itisatoughcall;yetthetitleoftheEuropeanCapitalofCulturecanofferPafosthehopeofachievingit.
AnoPafosand,inparticular,itscentre,havetobere-appropriatedinanewformat.Itshistoricbuildingscanberestoredandhostaseriesofnotonlyproductiveandeducationalactivities,butalsosocialoccasions.Spacesforrest,leisureandculturaleventsareurgentlyneeded.the centre mustnotberestrictedtoofferingadministrativeservicesandconsumergoods;it must be transformed into a space for recreation and creativity, forformalandinformalgatherings,forobservingthestreet;aspacewhereBaudelaire’sflâneuralternateswiththeactorandthespectatoratthecity’srestaurantsandtavernas,cafésandkafeneia,plazasandplateies,wherebothcorporealandspiritualrefreshmentswillbeavailable.
Spacesthatareconnectedtothecity’spastbuthavenotbeenlinkedtoconsumption,andarethereforeneglectedanddowngraded,canbere-configuredandusedforculturalandleisureactivities.Pedestrianprecincts, urban squares, green corners canberedesignedandputtouseaspublicspacesforsocialinteraction,communication,play,orreverie.Pafosmust re-claimopenspaces forhappeningsandfestivals,forchildren’splay,foradults’sportsandgames,formigrants’feasts,foreveryone’sdaydreaming.KatoPafos,conversely,must regain its contact with the sea, andbesupportedbyculturalactivitiesandspaces.A new pier, bringingpeopleclosertothewater,wouldbeanideaofre-connectingtheurbanspacewithitsnaturalenvironment.Itwouldofferaviewtowardsthecityinsteadofsimplyfromthecity.Itsusescouldbemostlyrecreational-strolling,fishing,anoutdoorcinema,refreshmentstandsanddining
“The urban space, and with it, the urban culture, have to be re-structured in order to integrate the functional with the symbolic, the local dimension with the global. Understandably, it is a tough call; yet the title of the European Capital of Culture can offer Pafos the hope
of achieving it.”
facilities,exhibitionandperformancespaces.Apiercanattracttouristsandlocalsalike,actasabridgebetweentheurbanandthenaturallandscape,andprovidePafoswithcontemporaryculturalspacesofhighquality.
Thenagain,the archaeological heritage cannotbeoverlooked.ThelocationofthePafosDistrictArchaeologicalMuseuminAnoPafos,awayfromtheactualarchaeologicalsitesandhardtoaccess,hascreatedaphysicalsplitbetweenthespaceandtheartefacts.Again,itisanissueofre-connection;anewArchaeologicalMuseumwithinwalkingdistanceofthearchaeologicalparkwouldenhancethecharacterandimportanceoftheplace,createanewculturalpoleand,throughbothconventionaldisplayandnewinteractivemedia,projectthehistoryofPafosandCyprusmoreeffectively.Re-articulatingallarchaeo-logicalsitesinacoherentwhole,throughpathsandexhibitionkiosks,woulddrawamuchclearerpictureofthecity’srichhistoryfromantiquitythroughtheRoman,Byzantine,OttomanandBritishcolonialerastotoday.
TheOpen-AirFactoryisaformatthatcanmakethisspacevisible-withitsdrawbacksandwiththevisionsforthefuture.Itwillbreakupthehabitsofperceptionandsettlinginthestagnatingattitudetosay:"Ithasalwaysbeen likethat.What iswrongabout it?"Temporaryinstallationsandstructurescanmakevisions become tangible and stimulate publicdiscussionandinvolvement-sothatpeoplewillbeabletoinfluencetheirenvironmentactivelyandco-createtheircity.
ChallengingPafosThehistoryofeverycityistangiblycrystallizedinits"built"history.Itisthisheritagethatmustbeexposed,madethemostof,andbefreelyofferedtothecitizens.Itisonlythroughitseverydayusethatthepastisactivelylinkedtothepresentandthefuture.Thisstrongconnectionfortifiestheidentityofacommunityandfirmlypositionsitslocalculturewithinaglobalcontext.
GlobalizationhasinevitablyinfiltratedCypriotsociety,generatingtheuneasyfeelingthatglobalculturecausesadepreciationoftheculturalattributesthat
haveshapedthegreatcivilizationsofthepast.Butisitnecessaryforaculturetosurrenderitsdistinctivecharacteristics in order to be up-to-datewithcontemporaryconditions?Thisissimultaneouslyacontradictionandachallenge:anationmustgrounditselfinthepastandprojectitsintellectualandculturalidentitywhilst,atthesametime,partakeofinternationalscientific,technologicalandpoliticalrationalisminordertoparticipateincontemporaryculture.
Localornationalcivilizationshavetoevolveaslocalizedexpressionsofaglobalizedculture.Thesurvivalofanygenuinecivilizationinthefuturewilleventuallydependonitsabilityto generate active forms of local cultures, taking international influences into account. The"built"historyandtheconceptofre-usewillhaveanessentialpartinthisprocessofassimilationandcompilation.
Itisthis articulation of the local and the globalthatPafosaimstoexplore,debate,andpossiblyrealizethroughtheprogrammeoftheEuropeanCapitalofCulture.ItisanopportunityforourcitytointroduceandincorporateitslocalpresenceandcultureintheEuropeanfamily,withinthewiderEuropeanidentity;anoccasiontoreconcileelementsfromdifferentcultures,showcasingtheirsimilaritiesandcontradictions.Last,butnotleast,itisalsoachancetogivethecitybacktoitspeople,betheyCypriotsormigrants,seasonalorpermanentresidents;toincludeeveryoneinitssocialfabricandculture,celebratingunityandrespectingdifference.
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“Last, but not least, it is also a chance to give the city back to its people, be they Cypriots or migrants,
seasonal or permanent residents; to include everyone in its social fabric and culture, celebrating unity
and respecting difference.”
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08. City and Citizens
CITy AND
CITIzENS
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Itisestimatedthatofthe77.800peoplelivinginPafos,about30%arenon-Cypriots,themajorityofwhomaremigrantsfromcountriesoftheformerSovietUnion.
SomeoftherestareBritishresidents,mostlyretireesenjoyingtheyear-roundmildclimateofthePafiancoast.ThereisaconsiderablenumberofrichRussianresidentswhosepurchasesofpropertyinPafosevenpreventedthemarketfromcollapsingduringtherecentworldwidecrisisofthefinancialmarkets.TheTurkishCypriotswhousedtoliveinPafoshavebeenlargelyreplacedbyGreekCypriotsdisplacedfromtheterritoriesinthenorthernpartoftheisland,whocametoPafosintheaftermathoftheinvasion.MigrationnumbersallovertheislandhaverisenconsiderablyafterCyprusjoinedtheEUin2004.MigrantsfromBulgaria,RomaniaandPolandareamongthelargestcommunities.Asylumseekers’numbersexplodedfromafewhundredsayearbeforeEU-membershipto10.000ayear,andnowstandatanaverageofaround5.000ayear.Inaddition,thereareabout40.000to50.000illegalalienslivingintheRepublicofCyprus.HowmanyoftheseliveinPafosishardtotell.Theymainlyenter thecountry throughtheoccupied
northernpartoftheislandandthencrosstheceasefireline.Thesenumbersaretoppedbyover700.000touristsvisitingPafoseveryyear.
ThedevelopmentofPafosfollowingthe1974invasionhasbeenbasedmainlyonthetouristindustry.Asaresult,twodistinctareaswereshapedthatconstituteanacuteseparationofthecitywithagreatinfluenceontheseparationofthecommunitiesbetweenlocals,migrantsandvisitors.
AnoPafos,perchedonthetopofthehill,inmoderntimeshasalwaysbeentheadministrativeandservicecentreandtheurbancommercialcoreofthecity,itsurbanfabricenrichedwithmuseums,educationalbuildings,atheatre,cinemasandlecturehalls,andtightenedwithseveralresidentialareas,mostlyCypriots’andmigrants’.
KatoPafos,spreadinginalinearfashionalongthewaterfront,has surrenderedunconditionally totourism,withhotels, residential complexes forpermanentorseasonaloccupationalongsideservicesforleisure,diningandtouristcommerce.
ThosebornandbredinPafosresideintheirownneighbourhoodswithinthecityproperor inthesuburbsorsurroundingvillages,andhavedevelopedaverydifferentlifestyle.Theireverydaylifetakesplaceinspacesandtimesotherthanthoseofthemigrantsandthevisitors,andseldomcoincidesapartfromweekends.Theirnetworkofrelationshipsincludesrelativesandfriends,almostalwaysthemselveslocals.Evenintheirleisuretime,theyfrequentplacesandbusinessesthattheybelieveare"nottouristy",stayingawayfromplacesvisitedbyforeigners.
Theirlifeissplitbetweentheirworkplace,theirhome,andtheircarwhichtheyusetomovefromonetothe
other.Hospitablebut introverted,theywelcomeforeignvisitorsaslongastheykeeptotheirseparatepath.Theirchildrenhavemanyfriendsfromschoolandfamilywhichtheymeetatcafesandprivatehomes,sincetherearefewplaygroundsandnotwell-maintained.Theyhardlyeverusepublictransportation,whichmainlyservestouristsandmigrants.
Economicmigrantsconcentrateinneighbourhoodswitholderand,therefore,cheaperhousingstock.Here,theyestablishtheiruniquewaysofcommunitylife.Theseneighbourhoodsbecomethesitesofarticulationandtransitionbetweentwoworlds:theonetheyareenteringandtheoneleftbehind;classroomswhere
“For a rather small population of 77.800 in the Pafos District, it is quite a task to integrate 30% of foreigners. Our aim for the projects must be to bring the communities together, make them get to know one another, and induce them to take part in the social life of the city. This of course is a challenge of a truly European Dimension since many countries of the European Union face these radical changes in their social structures.”
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theyareinstructedinthewaysofthis"newworld"andreservatorieswherethecultureoftheirplaceoforiginiskeptalive.Aspecializedcommercialareaalsodevelopsintheseareas,cateringtothemigrants’everydayhabits.
Nevertheless,thesepeoplearenothelpedthroughtheestablishmentofcommunalsupportstructures.Therearenoareasoractivitiesenablingsocialization,i.e.organizedsolidaritynetworks,culturalorsportsgroups,nativelanguagecourses,ormediacentres.these populations need such places and institutions in order to integrate gradually and successfully into a new way of living, thinking and working that they are not familiar with.
The"touristandretirementmigrants"(British,Russian,orScandinavian)concentrateinKatoPafosandthesurroundingvillages,residinginhousingcomplexesthatlookinwardsontopoolsorextensivegardens.Theircommunitiesarealmostautonomous, likeminiatureneighbourhoodsortownssproutingupwithintheurbanandruralfabricofthedistrictofPafos,butwithoutco-existingwith,supportingandevenminglingwiththealready-established.
Forarathersmallpopulationof77.800inthePafosDistrict,itisquiteatasktointegrate30%offoreigners.Our aim for the projectsmust be to bring thecommunitiestogether,makethemgettoknowoneanother,andinducethemtotakepartinthesociallifeofthecity.Thisofcourseisachallengeofatruly
EuropeanDimensionsincemanycountriesoftheEuropeanUnionfacetheseradicalchangesintheirsocialstructures.Howtokeepuptraditions,identity,andawarenessaboutyourownrootsontheonehand-andtolerance,opennessandhospitalityontheotherinthefieldoftensionbetweentourismandmigration?
Ontopofthissituationandintermsofcommunities,theislandhasapainfuldividinglinebetweenthemaintraditionalcommunitiesoftheisland–betweentheGreekandTurkishCypriots.Consideringthis,spe-cial programmes must strive to overcome barriers.Pafos2017willplaceaneffortintoestablishingmulti-communalperforminggroupstohelpbringcloserthecommunitiesbybeingcreativethroughhumanandsocialdimensions:possibleexamplesincludechoirs,dancersandmusiciansbringingtogethermembersofallcommunitiesfrombothsidesofthedivideinordertoco-createprojects.Successfulgroupscouldalsocol-laboratewithotherEuropeanandMiddleEasternbi-communalgroups.
Inthiseffort,a"grassroots approach" in mobilizing and inspiring local citizenstoengageinculture,isconsideredvitaltotheCapitalofCultureprogramme.
Thepromotionoftheactiveparticipationofartinstitutionsandcollegesaswellasecologicalnon-gov-ernmentalorganizationsbothinthecityanditssurroundingregionincludingGalleries,theCyprusCollegeofArt,E.KA.TE.,theCyprusChamberofFineArts(Pafosbranch)andothersisessential.Pafos2017stronglysupportsbest-practiceexamplesofinitiativescoveringabroadspectrumofculturalcollaborations.
Oneveryimportantpointwhereallgroupsconvergeandhavetocollaboratearetheschools.Hence,empha-sismustbegiventoattractingchildrenandyoungpeopletoparticipateinprojectslike"TheBigMosaic",or"RoutesCinematicRoots",bringingthepulseoftheCapitalofCultureintomoreneglectedandunderprivi-legedpartsoftown.ThewholeconceptoftheOpen-AirFactoryisdesignedtoreduceboundariesamongthecity’scommunitiessothattheirmemberscanattendartisticperformances,andisespeciallyintendedtobringtheartsandperformancestowherethepeopleareorusuallygoratherthanexpectingthepeopletoseekoutandattendspecificevents.
TherecanbenodoubtthatPafoswillhavetomakeahugeeffortintohavingthepopulationmixandmingleandperceivethecityasthecommonhabitatthateachandeveryoneofusshareswithmanydifferentnationalitiesandsocialgroups.Ofcourse,itisalwaysimportanttoshowthepeoplehowthe capital of culture will have a direct and lasting impact on their lives.Openingupnewspacesonthewaterfrontandopeningthewaterfronttowardthecitywillbeinfrastructuralprojectstosupporttheimpressionofimmediateandpalpablechange(seechapteronurbandevelopmentandinfrastructure).Theimportanceofurbandevelopmentputtinganemphasisoncreatingspaces for socialgatherings, for leisureand for"dwelling"withinthepublicurbanspaceisobviousandoneofthelong-termchallengesforPafos.likewise the revival and integration of neglected parts of town liketheformerTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttaloswithitscommandingbeautifulviewsofthesurroundingbeachesandsettlementsandthemosquerestoredandre-openedtothepublicwillbeimportantelementsinhelpingcommunitiesrelate to the long multi-cultural history of pafos.
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CHILDRENANDYOUTHComparedtootherEuropeancountries,homelessnessandsocialexclusionasphenomenahavenotbeensocialfeaturesofCyprus,eitherinthepast(includingtheeventsof1974)orthepresent.Reasonsarepositiveeconomicdevelopmentsandactiveemploymentpolicies,comprehensivehousingpolicieswithatradition toplaceahighvalueonhousingandaccommodation,andastrongengagementinlandandhousinginvestmentaswellasastrongdesiretoacquireagoodqualityoflife.ThepredominantreasonisthestrongCypriotsocialeconomyitself,withasteadfast commitment to social cohesion andprotection of the social system. Socialwelfarevoluntaryorganizationsactivelyengageinthesocialspherefortheachievementofparticularwelfaregoals,andarerecognizedasmajorprovidersinalmosteveryfieldofsocialwelfareinCyprus.Yet,themostimportantreasonisthatCyprushasadeep-rootedcultureofstrongvaluesandnorms(religiousandnot)andstrong informal networks of family and community.Allofthereasonsjustmentionedpositivelyinfluencetheyouth,eventhoughthelasttwohaveensured,atleastinveryrecentyears, theprotection,healthandprogressivedevelopmentofchildrenandyoungpeopleinCyprus.
Throughouttheturbulentyearsofitshistory,havinglivedwithfoesandfriends,theCypriotsocietylearnedtofunctionwithinclosedcommunitynetworkswhichgraduallydevelopedstrongsocialtieswithinandbetweenthem.BeforeCyprus’independence,thecommunityandthefamilyhadamajorroleinsocialwelfareprovision,becausetherewasnogovernmentalentitytodevelopaformalsocialpolicyframework.Communitieshadthereforedevelopedcapacitiestoaddresstheirsocialneeds,withoutdependingonpublicoperatorsororganizations.Familybondsstrengthenedandextendedtoprovideemotional,mentalandfinancialsupporttoeveryfamilymember.Aftertheeventsof1974andduringtheturbulentyearstoensurethesurvivaloftheCypriotsociety,thesetiesweregreatlyenhanced.Evennow,asthe2004Cyprobarometershowed,88%ofthepopulationstatedthattheirlifeisfoundedonstrongfamilyvalues;andtheconceptof"bloodisthickerthanwater’isstilldeeplyembeddedinourCypriotpsyche.
Inrecentyearsthough,majoreventsoccurredthatalteredthesesocialandfamilyrelationships.OurrecentEU-membershipallowedaneasierflowofgoodsandexchangesofservicesthatboostedoureconomyandprovidednumerouseducationalandemploymentopportunitiesinCyprusforyoungpeople.ItalsobroughtmassiveinfluxesofCypriotemigrants,foreignresidentsandmigrantsfromalloverEurope,America,Asia,AfricaandOceania.
Prosperitycombinedwitharelativelylowcostoflivingresultedinabetterqualityoflifeandagoodsocio-economicstandingforallpeoplelivinginCyprusingeneral.In2009,thenumberofbirthsincreasedto9.600,givingacrudebirthrateof12perthousand,oneofthehighestintheEU.Theproportionofsenior
citizensaged65andoverisamongthelowest(estimatedaround13%),whileatthesametimethepopulationofchildrenbelow15isamongthehighest(estimatedaround17%).Furthermore,theconcentrationofforeignmigrantsintheyoungerworkingages(15-44)andinchildren(0-14)ishighlyaccentuated(60%and16%respectivelyofatotalpopulationof65.000)in2004.Inrecentyears,thesamegroupscontinuetodisplaythesametrends;however,onadistrictlevel,notmuchisbeingdonetosupportthesegroups.
StatisticsshowthatEUmembership,open-trading,globalization,newpoliciesoninternationalmigrationandincreasedtouristicwaveshaveallbroughtmixedblessingstoCyprus.Ontheonehand,theyinducedanunprecedentedeconomicprosperityandpopulation
Pafos 2017 / City and Citizens / 075
rejuvenationandgrowth,butontheother,theyresultedintheuncontrolledgrowthofoururbancentresandthedesolationofthecountrysideandourruralcommunities.Fromonepointofview,theyencouragedanincreaseinthenumberofchildrenborn,butfromanother,theyinducedabreakdownoffamilyrelationships.Respectively,theypromotedasocietyofallages,multiculturalismandmultiethnic-ity,yetwithoutanyreferencepointorguidelines,theyalsocauseddysfunctionalsocialrelationshipsamonggroupsofdifferentages,ethnicities,religions,culturesandingeneral,differentwaysofliving.Furthermore,in recentyearsanddueto theglobaleconomiccrisis,unemploymentandpovertyhaveincreaseddramatically,somethingwhichhasmadethesesocialandspatialpatternsmuchmorepronounced.
Childrenandyoungpeoplearethemostaffected,particularlysointhePafosDistrict,sincethelatterexhibitsthesepatternsatagreaterintensitythantheotherdistrictsofCyprus.Unfortunately,sofarthereisgenerallylittlescientifically-documentedresearchaboutchildrenandyouthavailableinCyprusinordertohelpusprovidesolutionstotheseproblems.Thisismainlyduetothefactthatacademicinstitutionsand,
consequently,academicresearchingeneralarequiterecentinCyprus.Infact,theUNRefugeeAgencyhasurgedthecollectionofmoredataonthelifeanddevelopmentofchildrenandyoungpeopleontheisland.However,someresponsetothecallformoreawarenessregardingchildren’sandyoungpeople’shealth,integrationintosociety,involvementintheculturalandsocio-economicscenes,developmentandbeyond-schooleducationhasbeengivenbyprivateandgovernmentalinitiativesandspecially-designedprogrammessetupwithandbytheEuropeanUnionoverthepastyears.
Privateinitiativesinclude,forexample,theInternationalChildren’sFilmFestivalofCyprus, anon-profitassociationthathasbeenfocusingoncinemaanditsroleinthelivesofchildrenandyoungpeople.Thefestivalcombinesfilmsandeducationinaprogrammeforchildren,teachersandparents.AnotherexampleisCultureinAction,anon-profitorganizationwhichorganizesacinematographysummercampnamed"CrossroadsII"forGreekCypriotsandTurkishCypriots.
076
Pafos 2017 / Programme / 077
09. Programme
PROGRAMME
Pafos 2017 / Programme / 079
Throughthethree main production lines of "myth and religion", "World travellers", and "stages of the future",Pafos2017bringsculturerightintothecitybysettingtheactionoutintheopen!Thecity’sattractiveoutdoorspaces,fromchurchsquarestomosquecourtyards,fromentrancegatestorooftops,fromtheuniquearchaeologicalsitestotheorientalTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalos,andfromthewaterfronttotheatmosphericsurroundinghighlands,offervariedrepresentativesettingsuponwhichhumancreativityhasthrivedandledtothedevelopmentoflocalcultureandcivilization.Forthousandsofyearsinthispartoftheworld,thepassionforculturehasbeenactedoutintheopen-fromancientEgyptianThanks-givingDancingforgoodharveststoRiverGamesontheNile,fromHellenisticphilosophicalargumentationandtheoratoryofpublicspeakersattheAgoratotheOlympicGames,fromCretanacrobaticbull-leapingtoTurkishJereedequestriangames,fromMiddleEasternancientmarketsandfoodfairstodramaperformancesatancientGreekandRomantheatresinCyprusandsurroundingcountries-allhavebeentakingactionundertheEasternMediterraneanskies.Thedirectbondwiththenaturalenvironmenthasbeensostrongthatcreatingoutintheopenbecameafundamentalneedand,bydefault,aWayofLifesynonymouswithcultureandcivilization.Moreover,andespeciallyintheatre,thelandscapebecameanactualpartofthebackdropandwastakenaspartoftheartworkitself.
Followingupandcapitalizingonthisancienttrend,Pafos2017setsupacontemporaryOpen-AirFactorywithitsculturalmachineryinstalledoutdoors.Nature’stremendousinspiration,Pafos’richculturalheritage,andthewillingenergyofthecityanditscitizens,arethemainpowerstationsfuellingtheOpen-AirFactory.Theenergygeneratedisthenfeddirectlyintothethree
productionlinesofculture,activatingandbringingtolifecreativeconcept-driveneventswithrelevantsupportingopen-airinfrastructure.
Energizingtheproductionlinesmobilizes European and Eastern mediterranean artistsengaged inresidencyandexchangeprogrammestoleadopen-airculturalworkshopsveryclosetoandaccessibletothepublic.Togetherwiththesupportofculturaloperators,themomentumgeneratedpromptsandinspiresthelocalcitizenstosettheproductionlinesofcultureinmotion!
LinkingContinentsbringsinanarrayofmulti-cultural projects, residenciesandexchangeprogrammesfostering and promoting direct collaboration among local, Western and Eastern European and middle Eastern artists, environmentalists and cultural operators.TherepresentativeprojectsinthethreeproductionlineshighlightthecreativesynergiesengagingabroadspectrumofthelocalcommunityincludingTurkishCypriots,especiallythosewhooncelivedinPafosandrelocatedasrefugeesinthenorth,youngstersandstudentsofvariousagegroups,theelderly,ethnicminoritiesandnewmigrantsaswellastouristsandforeignresidents.
UtilizingPafos’potentialas a pivot among three continents, the principal goal is to providea transcontinental platformuponwhichEuropeanandMiddleEasternartistscangettogethertoco-createwithabroaderperspectivebeyondpre-conceivedboundaries.
However,operatinginthispartoftheworldcanbebothexcitingandunpredictable.Thevolatilesocio-political developments often determined by
“Linking Continents encourages the crossover and experimentation of new forms of collaborations beyond
the transnational level, realizing a new sense of globality that redefines our European cultural identity.”
Kouklia
GeroskipouKatoPafos
Pafoscity
MouttalosPegeia
PolisChrysochousAkamas
Peninsula
pAfos
nicosiA
limAssol
kyrEniA(KERYNEIA)
(LEFKOSIA)
(LEMESOS)
THEDISTRICTSOFCYPRUS
Pafos 2017 / Programme / 081
(AMMOCHOSTOS)
lArnAkA
fAmAgustA
geopoliticalstrategicinterestsintheregioncanhaveadevastatingeffectontheregionalpartnershipsthatdetermineandsupporttheprogrammeofevents.TherecentaftermathofdevelopmentsintheMiddleEastonMarseilles-Provence2013hasledPafos2017totakethisriskfactorintoconsiderationandplan with foresight, flexibility and back-up mechanisms.TheOpen-AirFactory,togetherwiththediversearrayofpre-informedpartners,provides the flexibility and resourcefulness necessarytodealandadapteffectivelytosuddenunexpecteddevelopmentsinthe
region.Additionally,weseektodevelopprojectswiththeotherbiddingcitiesinCyprus.
LinkingContinentsencouragesthecrossoverandexperimentationofnewformsofcollaborationsbeyondthetransnationallevel,realizinganewsenseofglobalitythatredefinesourEuropeanculturalidentity.
Pafos 2017 / Programme - Myth and Religion / 083
myth and religionBornoutoftheextra-maritalaffairbetweenAphrodite,thegoddessoflove,andAres,thegodofwar,mythicalErosisacreationofpolarcontrasts-seeminglycontraryforces-interconnectedandinterdependentinthenaturalworldandgivingrisetoeachotherinturn.
Mythandreligion,indeliblyetchedonPafos’culturalheritage,highlightthecreativeDimensionof"fallinginlove"-aninspiredcondition,aheightenedstateofmind,anexpansionofconsciousness-aforcesoimag-inativeandinventive,thathascatalyzedtremendouscreativitywithendlessmanifestationsthroughouttheages.
Beauty,joy,divinity,mysticismarethemainstringsweavingthestoriesandlegendsthatbeganandevolvedinPafosandwhichnowbothlocalsandEuropeansperceiveasanintegralpartoftheirculture.Man’snever-endingobsessionwith"fallinginlove"hasmadeAphroditeandheroffspringErosPafos’greatestgifttoEurope.
project samples
1. THE CULT OF BEAUTYLinkingContinentsthroughVisualArts
ThecityofthegoddessAphroditeannouncestwovisualartscompetitionsunderthetitle"TheCultofBeauty".
A. Aphotographic competitionillustratingsnapshotsofmomentsofbeautyineverydaylifeappreciatingwhatsurroundsus.ItpromptsandinspireslocalandEuropeancitizenstoengagecreativelyinphotography,avocationwhichisverypopularnotonlyamongpro-fessionalsbutalsoamongamateurcitizensofdiversebackgrounds.Membersoflocalethniccommunitieswillbeexplicitlyinvitedtojoinandcontributewiththeirwayofperceivingbeautyandjoyintheirnew"home".
b.AnArt competitionexpressing"TheCultofBeauty",extendingfromtheancientpasttothepresentand"predicting"thefutureevolutionofbeauty.Europeanartacademiesarealsoinvitedtoparticipate(facultyandstudents).Amateursandprofessionalsparticipateinexpressingbeautifulmomentsaswellastheirvisionofthefuturecourseofaesthetics.
TheOpen-AirFactorysetsupoutdoorprojectionsofselectedworksonlargebuilding-surfacesthroughoutthecity,makingthesereadilyaccessibletoalllocalsandvisitors.
Threeprizesineachcompetition(3.000,2.000and1.000euroseach)willbeawardedfollowingtherecommendationofafive-memberjury(threemembersfromotherEuropeancountriesand twoCypriotmembers).
open-Air factoryraw material: Aphrodite’smythical beauty -imagination-inspiration-spontaneity-participation-creativity-joy-giftsoflife-extraordinarymoments-aspiration-celebrationofEurope.Urbanugliness-feelingsofsuffocation-createdunattractivestructuresonthewaterfrontblockingthecityfromthesea-wastedumpinginthecityandthebeautifulcountryside.
production units: Pafiansofallethnicbackgrounds-foreign residents -Greek andTurkishCypriots-Europeans-Israelis-ArabPalestinians-artistsandphotographersbothprofessionalandamateur-artandphotographystudents.GreekandTurkishCypriotculturaloperatorsincludingE.KA.TE.(TheCyprusChamberofFineArts)-EMAA(European-Mediterra-neanArtAssociation)-HomeforCooperation-C.P.S.(CyprusPhotographicSociety)-F.I.A.P.(FédérationInternationaledel’ArtPhotographique).ArtAcademiesfromalloverEurope.IsraeliandArabPalestinianinstitutionsandNGOsincludetheIsraelMuseum-Jerusalem,EinHarodMusem,MuseumontheSeam,AlMa’malFoundation,andUmmel-FahemArtGallery.
product: Heightenedenthusiasmforcreativityinoureverydayness-experienceandmarvelthediversityofEuropeanaestheticsandorientalinfluencesthroughlargeoutdoorprojectionsofcreationsatareascommonlyvisitedandenjoyedbyallcitizens-celebratingandlearningfromoneanother’sculturewhilehighlightingourcommonquestforbeauty-proactiveresponsetoman-madeuglinessinthecityandthesurroundingcountryside.
production Area: Projectionsonbuildingsandstruc-turesaswellastransparentholoscreensthroughoutthecity.
production period:Summer2017
production cost: €68.000 (€34.000 forphotocompetition&€34.000forartcompetition)
2. APHRODITE’S KITCHENLinkingContinentsthroughCulinaryAdventures
Beingabletouse food as a catalyst to aid the process of intercultural communicationisawayofbringingoutthebestofeachcultureandbuildingaplatformforunityanddialogue.
Foodhasbeenusedforcenturiestopromotefriendshipandgoodwillamongpeople.Throughanofferingofsomethingdelicious,positivefeelingscanbechanneled,promotedorexpressed.Communicationthroughthesharingoffoodisacommonlanguage,abondingbeyondwords.Themostimmediatewaytoexperienceculturaldiversityisthroughthefoodweeat.
ThecuisineoftheislandthatgavebirthtoAphroditeisfilledwithflavoursthatturnonthesenses!Throughanestablishedresidencyprogramme,topguestchefsfromvariousEuropeancountriesjoinforceswithlocalleadingchefsincreatinginnovativeEuro-fusionbarbecuemenus.TheOpen-AirFactoryprovidestherequiredoutdoorbarbecuefacilitiesandrelevantstreetsignage, leadingthepublictowitnesstheextraordinarybarbecuecreationspreparedandcookedinthecourtyardofthePaliaElektrikiCulturalCentrerestaurant.
TheconceivedmenusblendthetastesandculturesofparticipatingcountriesfromthefourcornersofEurope,thushighlightingEuropeanculturaldiversity.Theywillrunfortwodaysinthepresenceofguestchefs,andwillcontinuetobeservedfortheremainderoftheyear.ParticipatingchefscomefromFrance,Italy,Spain,DenmarkandHungary.TheprojectstartsinOctober2012withaFrenchchef,andcontinueswithadifferentguestchef fromtheaforementionedcountrieseveryyear,culminatingin2017withchefsfromallfivecountriesvisitingCyprusatthesametime.
open-Air factoryraw material: Aphrodite’ssensuality-themythsurroundingher- fusiongastronomy-culinaryculturesofCyprusandEurope.
production units:EstablishedEuropeanchefsincollaborationwithlocalcounterparts-Cypriotand
EuropeanNGOssuchas"Gasteraea"andtheSlowfoodOrganization of Italy collaborate in promotingresidenciesofleadingEuropeanchefsbringingwiththemtheirtalentandexpertiseincreatingfusionmenus.
product: InspirationtocreateEuro-fusiondelights.TheblendingofdiverseculinarytechniquesofEuropewiththebarbecuetraditionsoftheEasternMediterranean-citizens,visitorsandforeignresidentslearnbyattend-ingthelivedemonstrations,takinghomewiththemthenewly-acquiredknowledgepassedonbythemas-ters-curiosityandanopenmindsettoexperiencevar-iousEuropeancustomsandtraditionsandexplorehowourownblendwiththeirs,thushighlightingacommonEuropeanidentity.
production Area:Theopen-aircourtyardoftherestaurantatthePaliaElektrikiCulturalCentre.Othersimilaropen-airlocationsinthecitycanbeaddedatalaterstage.
production period:Annual-Autumn2012andSummers2013-2017
production cost:€96.000
3. THE BIG MOSAICLinkingContinentsbyre-assemblingCulturalandSocialMosaics
Theproject,whichrefersdirectlytothefamousRoman-periodmosaics,isinspiredbytheideathatPafoshasalwaysbeenanopensociety,acceptingandabsorbingexternalinfluences,withoutlosingitsidentityat thesametime.These influencesareincorporatedlikeindividualpiecesofaunifiedpicture.Itsaimistoenergize youth organizationsthatareactiveinPafos,schools aswellas young people whosefamiliesliveinthenorthernpartoftheislandbutoriginallycomefromthearea,bybringingtogetherfragmentsfromdifferentsocial,age,culturalandnationalgroupslivinginPafosandcreating,withthese,anindependentstructuredshow.Asaparallelendeavour, greek and turkish cypriot youthswilltrytoreconstructahistorically-andgeographically-unifiedPafosfromatimewhenthenationalisticconflictwaseithernonexistentornotstrongenoughtoaffectordinarylife.Likeindividualpieces,artfullyandcohesivelyarrangedinshapingabeautifullargemosaic,fragmentsfromdifferentsocial,age,culturalandnationalgroupslivinginPafoswillfunctionaspiecesofthemosaicthatcantakeanyform:pictures,
Pafos 2017 / Programme - Myth and Religion / 085
text,recordedsoundsandvoices,photographs,videoorready-madeobjects.
Inweavingthesefragmentsintoawhole,theyoung creators will re-address the origins of their cultureanddiscoverthatoftentheapparentlydisparatepresentformshavemuchmoreincommonaswemovebackintime.Manyofthestories,heroes,folksongsandfairytalesarecommontomanyEuropeanpeople.Therehavealwaysbeenprofoundinteractionsintheformationofculture,myths,religiousritualsandartisticpractices.TheRomanperiodmosaicsinKatoPafosareapointincase.Thewholeprojectwillaimtosubstitutethemythofconflictwithanarrativeofinteractivecreativity.
Undertheguidanceofprofessionalsandteachers,groupsofyoungpeopleinPafosaregiventhetasktocollecttheabovemedia.Traditionalmeanssuchasdrawingsandwrittentextorreadily-availablecon-temporarytechnologysuchascameras,mp3recordersorscannersetc.canbeemployed.
Examplescaninclude:-Quotationsand/orsayingsfromoldergenerations.-Oldpicturesfromtheplacesthatolderpeopleornewculturalgroupscamefrom,beitasmallvillageinPafosorthepartoftheislandunderoccupationorathirdcountry.-Songs,tunes,lullabiesthattendtobelost,through
recordingsofvariousindividualsasmadebytheyoungparticipants.-Videosorphotographsofpeoplecooking,playing,dancingetcinatraditionalmanner.-VerbalorwrittenresponsestoPafos.-Anyobject,olddocumentorsignthathasaculturalsignificance.
Oncethesearecollected,theyareeditedandputintoastructurewiththehelpofvisualartists,teachersandtechnicians,withtheaimofbeingpresentedinapublicspace.Theoutcomeofthepresentationshouldbedeterminedbytheyoungpeople.AnnualpresentationssetupandsustainedbytheOpen-AirFactoryinneglectedandrun-downareassuchastheTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalosorthesurroundingTurkishCypriotvillageswill reawakentheoncevibrantco-creativespiritandhelprestorethearea’sformerculturaldiversity.
ItwouldbebeneficialtohaveatwinprojectwithasimilarlocationelsewhereinEuropewheresimilarconditionsapply.PlaceswhereCypriotmigrantslive,suchastheUK,couldbeveryappropriate,becausethiswillhighlightthesimilaritiesofhistoricalexperiencesamongpeople.
Onabi-communallevel,the"OpenKhan"isinstrumentalininvitingTurkish-CypriotrefugeeswhosefamilieshadoncelivedinandaroundPafostoparticipateinthis
Pafos 2017 / Programme - Myth and Religion / 087
project(duringthesummerholidaywhenschoolsareclosed).CollaborationsbetweenGreekCypriotandTurkishCypriotYouthcanpromotecreativesynergiesbetweentheyoungergenerationsofbothcommunitiesinconflict,andhelpbuildtrustandmutualunderstanding.
open-Air factoryraw materials:ThehistoryandmulticulturalismofPafos-interactionwithGreece,Turkey,Europe,theMiddleEastandthelegacyofthecolonialrule-bi-communalconflictanditsinfluenceonreligion,language,economyandthemilitary -distorteddifferentperspectivesandaugmentedbytheofficialdiscourseoftheestablishedideologies.
production units: Primarilyyoungpeoplefromlookinginto/researchingtheirownculturesandthosefrom different groups - teachers, supervisors,coordinators-GreekCypriotandTurkishCypriotyoungcommunities-thenewPafossocialgroups:thirdcountrymigrants,EUworkers,retiredforeignresidents-thePafos-basedHousefortheArtsandLetters -TurkishCypriotNGO’sEMAA (EasternMediterraneanArtistsAssociation),M.P.C(Meditterra-neanPolicyCentre),HASDER(FolkArtsfoundation)-HomeforCooperation(bi-communalNGO)–Scot-land-basedArtsandTheatreTrustFife.CollaborationswithotherEuropeanandMiddleEasterninstitutions,particularlyfromcitieswithsimilarproblemsofsectarianism,divisionsormulticulturalismsuchasGlasgow,Belfast,Brussels,SarajevoandJerusalemarecurrentlybeingexplored.
product: Theprocessitself!-openingnewvisionsforthosewhosearch-givingnewperspectivesintheirself-awareness-creatinganewimageofPafosofferedtoresidentsofallages,gender,ethnicgroupsorvisitors-movingforwardintothisnewera.
production Area: "TheOpenKhan"(see"StagesoftheFuture"),TurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalos,variousTurkishCypriotvillagessurroundingPafos.
production period:January–May2017
production cost: €60.000
4. Winds of DanceLinkingContinentswiththeEnergyofDanceandtheWinds
ThePafosofancienttimesgivesusthemythofGalatea.AphroditebringstolifePygmalion’sgorgeoussculptureofwhitecoral-Galatea.PygmalionandGalateamarryandtheirdaughteriscalledPaphos,afterwhomthecityisnamed.Throughouttheirlife,theybringgiftstoAphrodite’sSanctuary.Aphrodite,inturn,blessesthemwithloveandhappiness.
AlsomythicalinaspectanddimensionistheAeolianParkinOritesnearKoukliavillagefilledwithgiantrotatingwind-turbines.PioneeredbyDenmark,thisalternativeeco-friendlysourceofenergyisthefirstofitskindinCyprusanddemonstratesthepotentialforfurtherenvironmentaldevelopmentinthisdirection.
DanceCyprusrespondstothesejuxtaposedfacetsofPafosbycreatingDiptych-theneo-classicalballet"GalateaandPygmalion"andthecontemporarywork"PowerofWind".Associatedprojectsaresite-specificpresentationsforthegeneralpublicandeducationalprogrammes for school children,aswellas theestablishmentofjointSummerSchoolsforballetpupils.Bycollaborating with denmark,DanceCyprus(foundedin2005)payshomagetotheRoyalDanishBallet,oneoftheoldestandmostinfluentialballetcompaniesintheworld(foundedin1748),whilesimultaneouslysalutingDenmark’spositionattheforefrontofdevelopingalternativesourcesofenergy,therebyprovidingalinkwithourAeolianPark.
DenmarkandCyprusmarkthealmostnorthwestern-mostanddefinitelythesoutheasternmostborderoftheEuropeanUnionrespectively.CyprusandDenmarkaresurroundedbyverydifferentseasandwinds.DanceCyprus,co-creatingwithitsDanishpartners,willinspire,entertainandeducate,building bridges between danish and cypriot dancers, choreogra-phers, ballet students and schoolchildren,drivingthenorthernandsouthernwindstomergeintoacommonmulticulturalstream.
Diptych-"GalateaandPygmalion"and"PowerofWinds"-areenvisagedasfull-scaleproductionswithprofessionaldancersincollaborationwiththeRoyalDanishBallet(RDB)andDanskeDanseteater(DDT),Denmark’sleadingmoderncompanyandamajorchoreographicforceinScandinavia.DanceCyprusanditspartner-SouthernDanceAcademySØnderborg,collaboratewith theSØnderborg-based JutlandSymphonyandtheCyprusSymphonyOrchestrasrespectively.
Eventsbuiltaroundthisproductionaresite-specificeventswiththestudentcompaniesandballetpupilsincollaborationwiththeSouthernDanceAcademy.TheOpen-AirFactoryprovidesthesettingonthefoothillsbytheMediterraneanSeausingtheAeolianwindmillsas"scenery".TheeventsinDenmarktakeplaceinthestrikingarchitectureofthefoyerortheboardwalkofAlsionconcerthallatSØnderborg.Theseeventsaretailored(a)specifically for schoolchildrenand(b)forthewidergeneralpublic.DanceCypruscollaborateswiththeSouthernDanceAcademySØnderborgandindividualballetschoolsofPafos.
TheSouthernDanceAcademySØnderborgalreadyhasanestablishedSummerSchool,workingwithteachersfromtheRDBandDDT.WithPafos2017asacatalyst,thisSummerSchoolisextendedsoastoincludePafosasapartner.Suchcollaborationisworthyofsupportasithasstrongpotentialforsustainabilitywithgreatmutualbenefits.
DanceCyprus’respectfortheclassicalballettraditionandCyprus’ancientpast,combinedwithitsappetiteforintelligentemotionalinnovation,leadstodancewhichisyoung,dynamicandabsolutelyrelevanttoourtimes.
open-Air factoryraw materials: Aphrodite-relatedmythologyleadingtothebirthofPafosgivingthecityhisname-windasanalternativesourceofenergy-Denmark’sexampleasaworldleaderinthefield-Aphrodite:Pafos’greatestgifttoDenmark-windenergy:Denmark’sgreatestgifttoPafos.
production units: InternationallyrecognizeddancersfromCyprusandDenmark,choreographers,balletstudentsandschoolchildren-DanceCyprus,DancecyprusJuniorCo.-SouthernDanceAcademySØnderborg-RoyalDanishBallet-RoyalDanishBalletKompagniB-DanskeDanseteater-CyprusSymphonyOrchestra-JutlandSymphonyOrchestraSØnderborg-Pafosballetschools.
product: SynergiesbetweenCypriotandDanishchoreographersanddancerswhichwillgrowandstrengthen-particularvaluewillbeaccruedthroughtheongoing collaborationbetween the two studentcompanies,DanceCyprus JuniorCoand theRDBKompagniB-danceeventsforchildrenleadtoimprovedunderstandingandappreciationofeachother’scountriesandwaysoflife-futuregenerationsofdancersandaudiencesinspired-mutually-beneficialexchangeandeducationalprogrammesbetweenPafosandSØnderborg.
production Area: ThefoothillsbytheMediterraneanSeausing theAeolianwindmills as "scenery" -individualballetschoolsofPafos.
production satellites in denmark: Alsionconcerthall,SØnderborg-theSouthernDanceAcademySØnderborg.
production period: June–September2017
production cost:€287.000
Pafos 2017 / Programme - World Travellers / 089
World travellersTranscontinentaltravelviaPafoswasfirstlaunchedbythegoddessofloveandbeauty,whosetoffasIshtarinWesternAsia,evolvedtoAphroditeuponmeetingwithHellenisminPafos,andultimatelybecameVenusuponreachingRomeandbeyond,throughoutEurope.ThewestboundgoddesswasthefirsttoclaimPafosasherowncity,ultimatelyputtingitontheworldmap.
Anotheraudacioustraveller,Saul,whowaslaterrenamedPaul,beganhisjourneyinTarsus(presentdayTurkey),andshuttledbackandforthbetweenJerusalem,AntiochandDamascusbeforefinallydroppinganchor inPafos.He launchedhis firstwestboundtranscontinentalmissionfromPafosbeforesailingontoAsiaMinor,Greece,Italy,France,Spainandbeyond.Theworkandtravelsofthe"ApostleoftheNations"hadaformidableandlastingimpactonthewholeofEurope.
Sixthousandyearsofsubsequentinvasions,warsandconquestsbyAfricans,AsiansandEuropeans,turnedPafosintoa fascinating "melting pot" of transcontinental cultures. Ptolemiesfromthesouth,PhoeniciansandPersiansfromtheeast,ByzantinesandOttomansfromthenorth,Venetians,FranksandLusignansfromthewestamongother,havealladdedtheirmosaicsincreatingthefabulousmulticulturalheritageofPafos.
Followingthemythicalandhistoricalvisitorsofthepast,the new migrants and tourists are the world travellers of today.Ethnically-diversemigrantswhohaverecentlymovedtoPafoscontinuetolivewithinsegregatedandratherisolatedcommunities.Withthecommonlanguageandimmediacyoflocalfolklore,Pafos2017brings the ethnic groups and communities into co-creation projectshighlightingtheircommonelements,valuesandEuropeanidentity.
Touristactivity,particularlyfromspringtoautumn,isomnipresentinPafos.ThetouristscomemostlyfromcentralandnorthernEuropeancountriesinsearchofsun,sea,funand,fortheculturallyinclined,theuniquearchaeologicaltreasures.Pafosanditssecretpotentialmakesuchanimpressionthatsomeofthevisitingtouristschoosetostayandmakeittheirhome.OtherschoosetoretireandspendtherestoftheirlivesinthisidylliccornerofCyprus.
Throughaseriesofresidencyandexchangeprogrammes,artistsandcreatorsbecometheworld-travellersoftheimmediatefuture,carryingtheirskillandimaginationacrosstranscontinental bridges. Throughavarietyofnovelprojects,Pafosreachesouttoworldtravellers-mythical,historicalandcurrent-andinvitesalltojoinforcesinacelebrationofco-creationatthecrossroadsofthreecontinents.
project samples:
1. DANCING WITH THE WAVESLinkingContinentsStepbyStep
Throughoutthecenturies,Pafoshasbeenahosttomigrantswhohavetravelledacrosscontinentsinsearchofabetterfuture.Intheefforttoattract,connectandbridgethesegregatedmigrantcommunitiesofdiverseethnicbackgrounds,theOpen-AirFactorysetsupthe longest-ever multiethnic folklore dance line to be formed along the city’s waterfront, facing westboundtowardtheseaconnectingPafoswithEurope.Throughtheactiveengagementoflocaldanceschoolsledbyprofessionaldancecoaches,PafosmobilizesEuropeanandnon-Europeanmigrants intomulticulturalco-creation,andsynchronizestheirstepsintoaspiritofonenesshighlightingtheircommonfuture.
open-Air factory raw materials: TherichfolkloreofEurope-customsandtraditions-diverseidentities-ethnichostilities-xenophobia-racism-humandimension.
production units: CitizensofPafos:foreignresidents,tourists,dancecoachesandteachers-Pafosdanceschools-foreignresidentassociations-HomeforCooperation-HASDER(FolkArtsfoundation)-"Aetos"ofPafos,anassociationoftheGreek-originmigrantsfromtheformerSovietUnion(Pontians),RussianSchoolofPafos,BulgarianAssociationofCyprus.
product: Improvedcommunicationandcollaborationamongethniccommunities-overcomingresentmentandhatredinspiredbythepastsegregationbasedonfearandmisperceptions-peacefulco-existenceandco-creativityamongallcitizensclaimingPafosastheircommonspace-commonEuropeanidentity.
production Area: TheWaterfrontofKatoPafos.
production period: InternationalDanceDay,29April2012
production cost:€22.000
2. DRESS FOR LOVE AND WARLinkingContinentsthroughSilkandIron
Threethousandandfivehundredyearsofaliveoutdoorshowfeaturingre-constructionofcostumesbeginningfromAphrodite’sSanctuarytimesfollowedbyrepresentativecostumesofmanyculturesandcivilizationsthathavepassedthroughPafosrightuptothepresentday-allaccompaniedbymusicreflectiveoftherespectiveperiods.Theshowendswiththe"Designsofthefuture".
Inaneffort todiversifyandwidenour rangeofaudiences,theliveoutdoorshowcaterstoandattractsnewaudiences.HundredsofstudentsofvariousethnicbackgroundstakepartintheshowundertheguidanceofprofessionalsandsupportedbytheOpen-AirFactory."DressforLoveandWar"highlightsthetwocontrastingfacetsofLoveandWar,beginningwithAphroditeandtraversinghistorywiththemanyconquerorsofPafos.
open-Air factoryraw materials:Richmythology-dramatichistory-identitiesinfluencedbyEuropeanandMiddleEasternconqueringcultures-Pafos’contradictoryheritageofLoveandWar.
production units:Over200studentsandyoungstersofPafosandliveshowcoaches.CostasandRitaSeverisFoundation-CyprusTheatreOrganization-SatirikoTheatre-ShakolasGroup.
product:AjourneythroughtimeillustratingPafos’richhistoryandmythologythroughaliveshowofcostumes.Active participation byhundreds ofstudents.
production period: Summer2017
production area: TheOttomanBathsstaircaseandlowerarea.Germaninaanoldcottonfarmanditsfacilitiesduetoberestored,canactasanalternativevenue.
ProductionCost:€95.000
3. DIY – Do It YourselfLinkingContinentsthroughTradition
Incomingtouristshavetheuniqueopportunityto create local arts and craftsundertheguidanceoftraditionalinstructorsfromthecityandsurroundingvillages.By followingspecial signagesetupbytheOpen-AirFactoryatconsecutivelylinkedspotsinthecity,visitorscanfollowarouteofoutdoormini-workshopsandspontaneouslylearnthecraftsoftraditionalpottery,basket-andloom-weaving,mosaicsandkneadingandbaking;allindigenoustothePafosregion.
Opportunitiestolearnmoreaboutaspecificcraftarearrangedthroughspecialminibustransferstolocationsorvillageswithalongtraditioninthespecificartsandcrafts.StagedduringasingleweekforfourhoursperdayandpresentedinGreekandEnglish,thearrayofworkshopsprovidesanopportunitytocombinefunwithpersonaldevelopmentwhileenablingtheparticipantstofamiliarizethemselveswiththelocalartsandcraftsaswellasforlocalcraftsmentoexpandtheirrolefromvendorstoteachers.
Pafos 2017 / Programme - World Travellers / 091
pot it yourselfPotteryArt
Awonderfulopportunitytofeelthetextureofclayinyourhands,playwithit,throwitonthewheel,spinitandcreateapot.Thepersonalcreationswillthenbefiredinthekilnand,uponcompletion,offeredbacktotheirrightfulcreatorsassouvenirs.
design it yourselfMosaicArt
AdultsandchildrenworkunderthesupervisionofqualifiedMosaicArtteachers(providedbyFemalesintheArts)aimingtocreateuniqueminiaturemosaicsouvenirsinastructuredseriesoflessons,whileexperiencingtheopen-airlifestyleinCyprusandgeneratingawarenessofoneofPafos’mostimpressivetraditions.
bake it yourselfKoullouri-makingArtVisitorslearnthroughahands-onexperienceallthestepsoflocaltraditionalbread-making,thesocalled"koullouri",usingexclusivestone-groundwheat-flourindigenoustoPafos,includingsourdoughpreparation,kneading, shaping and baking in a traditionalwood-firedovenonlocation.
Weave it yourselfBasketWeavingArt
AspecialtyofMesogivillage,basket-weaversinspireaficionadostomaketheirowntraditionalbaskets,thesocalled"tsestos"byintroducingthemtothetraditionaltechniqueandlocalmaterials.
LoomWeavingArt
Localweaversinstructvisitorshowtouseatraditionalloominweavingtheirowncolorfulclothsusinglocalmaterialsandcolorsoftheirchoicefollowingthefamousloom-weavingtraditionsofthevillageofFyti.
open-Air factory areasraw materials: CustomsandtraditionsoftheentireDistrictofPafos-legendssurroundingthem-artisancraftsmanship.
production units: Localartisans,craftsmen,visitors(tourists,foreignresidentsaswellasvisitingCypriots).Collaborationswithartsandcraftsstudios-schoolsandNGOsinclude"Gasteraea"-FITA(FemalesintheArts)-"LembaPottery"workshopandcraftsmenfromvillagesspecializinginparticularcrafts.Foreignresidentclubsandassociations includeU.K.C.A.(UnitedKingdomCitizensAssociationPafos)-"Aetos"ofPafos (Pontiancommunity)-FriendsHospiceAssociation-PafosAdonisLionsClub-HASDER(FolkArtsfoundation).
product:CreativeTourism:Visitorsengagecreativelywithhands-onexperiencelearninglocalartsandcrafts.
production Area:Interlinkedopen-airkioskslocatedintheKatoPafostouristarea.
production period:Summermonthsof2012onwards.
production cost: €14.000(2012) €14.000(2013) €14.000(2014) €14.000(2015) €14.000(2016) €20.000(2017) Total:€90.000
Pafos 2017 / Programme - World Travellers / 093
4. WALKING ARTLinkingContinentsbyTraversingEpochs
the location:Theexisting linearpathwaythatsurroundstheArchaeologicalSiteofPafosisoneofthemostsuccessfulcontemporaryinfrastructureworksthatthepeopleofPafosaswellasotherCypriotandEuropeanvisitorshaveembracedenthusiastically.Walking,exercisingorbicyclingalongthecoastlineofPafosacquiresadifferentmeaningatsuchasite;notonlydoesitexpanditscurrentseascapeviewstowardsthreedifferentcontinents,butitreachesdeepintotimetoreviveancientculturesandbridgethehistoryofEuropean,AsianandAfricancivilization.
Protectedby"Natura2000"EUNetworkasauniqueecological system, it needs to remainwithoutpermanentlightinginordertoprovideahospitablegroundforbirdmigrationthatreachesPafosfromothercontinentsataspecificseasonoftheyear.Followingtheexampleofaperiodicactivation/deactivation,wecanmakeuseofaperiodoftheyearthatdoesnotaffectthedelicateecosystem,andunexpectedlyactivatethesamelocationasanoutdoorperipateticculturalsite.
the event: Theprovisionsforartisticandcultural
activationarealreadyinstalledbythearchitectsofthelinearwalkway,andthere isnoneed foraddedarchitecturalplanning.Local,EuropeanandMiddleEasternartistsandsmallcreativecompanies(theatre-dancetheatre-music-oranyotherformofartisticexpression)areinvitedtolive,research,planandproposesite-specificartworks, installationsandspectacles,enlighteningwiththeirdiverseperspectiveonthealreadyhistorically-andculturally-chargedlocation.Throughthespecificallyset-upresidencyprogramme,artistsarepairedaccordingtotheirartisticmediumandtechnique.Broughttogether,European,TurkishCypriotandGreekCypriot,IsraeliandPalestinianartists,performers,musiciansandactorsengageincreativecollaborationanddialoguewhichwillleadtotherealizationoftheactualprojects.
Thevisitorsbecomeactiveparticipantsandlivingand"enlightened"organismsthatmovealongtheentirelengthofthewalkway,usingportablelightsourcesofferedto themat theentrancepoints.LikethebirdsthatfleeothercontinentstovisitthecoastlineofPafos,theyarealsoamigrantspeciesandasymbolicstreamofcollectivemotionandcommunalconsciousness.Nexttoalandscapetrademark,theLighthouseofPafos,theythrowalightthatoffersguidanceandcomforttofellowspectators.
Examples include:LinearphotographicexhibitionoficoniclighthousesofcoastalEuropeantownsdisplayedalongtheentireroute thatsurrounds thePafosLighthouse.Thephotographswill be obtained throughan openEuropeanPhotoCompetition,inwhichparticipantswillbeaskedtoexploreandtranslatetheimageofalighthouseasaviewtowardsothercontinentsandcultures,anexpressionoflocalidentity,andasasitefortheguidanceandwelcomingoftravellers.
concerts by small ensembles of other coastal European towns,aimingtopresenttheirlocalmusicalongwithaninterpretationofhowhistoricalcontextandtravellingculturethatdescribestheopennessofacoastaltowninfluencesmusicalculture,aswellasthetracingofsimilarinfluencesinCypriotmusic.
Participationoflocalandvisitingpopulationsshouldgrowtothepointwheretheycanvirtuallytakeovertheartisticevent-theultimategoalofthisactivity.
open-Air factoryraw materials: Historically-andculturally-chargedsetting-sensitiveecosystem-promenadeculture-nightfall-mystery-seeminglyincompatiblepairings-dialogue-creativecollaboration-exploration
production units: PairsofGreekCypriot,TurkishCypriot,EuropeanandMiddleEasternartists.ResidenciesofEuropeanartiststhatenablecreativecollaborationsanddialoguewithGreekandTurkishCypriotartistsintheWalkingArtprojectsupportedbyE.KA.TE.(CyprusChamberofFineArts)-EMAA(European-MediterraneanArtAssociation)-HomeforCooperation-CyprusCollegeofArt-andNeapolisUniversity.AssociationssuchasC.P.S.(CyprusPhotographicSociety),F.I.A.P.(FédérationInternationalede l’ArtPhotographique)andtheAthenianPhotographyCircleparticipateintherealizationofanopeninternationalphotocontest.IsraeliandArabPalestinianinstitutionsandNGOsincludetheIsraelMuseum-Jerusalem-EinHarodMusem-MuseumontheSeam-AlMa’malFounration-Ummel-FahemArtGallery.
product: Cooperationandco-creationamongGreekCypriot,TurkishCypriot,EuropeanandMiddleEasternartists.Indigenousartistscreateandexpresstheir
connectionstoboththeirtownandneighboringcontinents-creationofanalternativeopen-airlinearperipatetic"gallery"-promotionofactiveliving-ecologicalsensitivity-culturaleducation-renewedrelationofvisitorsandindigenouspopulationwithart-bondingandtrustamongcommunitiesinconflict.production Area: ThelinearwalkwaythatsurroundsthecoastalarchaeologicalsiteofPafos,anareaofnaturalbeautyprotectedby"Natura2000"EUNetwork.
production period: Gradualimplementationonanannualbasisbeginningin2015duringApril-October
production cost: €54.000(2015) €62.000(2016) €78.000(2017) Total:€194.000
Pafos 2017 / Programme - Stages of the Future / 095
stages of the futurePafoshaslivedthroughscoresofvisitors.Beauty-inspiredfans,Europe-boundmissionaries,control-seekingconquerorsandfun-lovingtourists,allofwhomhavecontributedinshapingthemulticulturallegacyofthiscityandlikewisere-affirmingthepermanentinterestsofEuropeandtheMiddleEastinthisregion.SixthousandyearsofexperiencewithdiversecivilizationscoupledwiththecurrentcreationofsolidalliancesandsynergiesprovideconfidenceandinspirationinputtingtogetherdynamicprojectsthatcansignificantlyupgradePafosculturally,sociallyandeconomically,renderingitcapableofsupportingtheEuropeofthefuture.
Oneofthemostpotentlocalgroupsisthestudentforce distributed throughout the city and thesurroundingdistrict.Pafos2017presentsachallengetoallstudents(ages15-17,whoaretodaychildrenof9-11)tovisualizePafos20yearsdownthelineandpresenttheirvisiontotheirfellowcitizensthroughstreet-theatreperformances.Inquisitive,openandactive,the younger generations are very promising in responding as future Europeans.
Therapidandunevenexpansionoftourisminthelastthreedecadeshasnothelpedpreservetheenvironment.Specifically,ithasledtothecreationof"contrived"attractions,while"natural"attractionsdecline.Pafos2017seesacultural responsibility towardsthe protection of the environment andinitiatesactivecollaborationswith the Cyprus EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyaswellaswithEuropeanandMiddleEasternnon-governmentalagencies inorder toreinforceecologicalconservationandresearchandprotecttheregion’snaturalandculturalresources.Inaddition,educationspecializinginraisingawarenessispromotedthroughawiderangeofenvironmentaleducationalprogrammes.Specialattentionisgiventothe delicate subject ofprotecting the unique ecosystem of the Akamasnational park(locatedatthenorthwesternmostareaofthePafosregion)withthesupportofthelocalcommunitiesbytakingintoconsiderationtheireconomicinterestsaswell.Foreignresidentclubsandassociationsareengagedtosupportthisendeavour.
Lastbutnotleastisaboldinitiativetorestoreoneoftheoldrun-downkhans(usedinformertimesbycaravansoftravellingmerchantsasaplacetostayovernight)locatedintheneglectedTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalos.AjointcollaborationbetweenGreekCypriotandTurkishCypriotcraftsmenwillallowtherestored "OpenKhan"tofunctionasaprototypebi-communalculturalcentre,withitsfacilitiestrulyopen,encouragingbothcommunitiestofeelwelcometovisitandcollaborate.The"OpenKhan"becomesan inspiring reconstructed microcosm reflecting the values of a multicultural Europe of the future.
project samples
1. BACK TO THE FUTURE PAFOS IN 2030LinkingContinentsthroughVisualization,AspirationandAmbition
High-schoolstudents,fromtheentirePafosDistrict,worktogetherindefiningtheirvisionofthefuturethroughsite-specifictheatricalproductionsopentothepublicforaperiodofsixdays.
Theconceptbehind"BacktotheFuture"liesintheideathatyoungpeopleunderstandtheirexistencegrowingupintheirhometownthroughtheeyesoftheirancestors,parentsandgrandparents,creatingvisionsandmemoriesabouttheircitythroughthestoriesofwhatPafoswasandwhatithasbecome.
"BacktotheFuture"promotestheactive collaboration of young people aged 15 - 17 years oldfromthepublicandprivatesecondaryeducationschoolsintheentireDistrictofPafos inordertoputupsmallautonomous performances that address theirnegotiationoftheirlivinginaPafosthathaschangedalotandkeepschangingdramaticallyovertheyears.Theprojectencouragesyoungpeopleofdiverseethnicbackgroundstoexploretheirstrengthsandabilitiestoexpressthemselvesinavarietyofways,breakingtheboundariesofhowtheycollaborate.
This collaboration of young people is open toparticipantsselectedthroughanapplicationprocesswhichassessestheircommitmentandabilitiesincontributingtotheproductions.Theparticipantsneedtoapplyforoneoffourcategories:stageandcostumedesign,scriptwriting,songwriting,classicalacting.Withallfourcategoriesincluded,agroupof18youngpeopleisselectedfromeachschoolbythedirectivecommittee(whichconsistsofageneralcreativedirectorandateamoftheatrepractitioners,musiccomposersandwriterswhooverseeeachperformance)tocollaborateonbuildingperformancesthatmergetheirideasandthoughtsabouthowPafoschangesintheireyes.
Pafos 2017 / Programme - Stages of the Future / 097
Atotalof180youngpeoplefromtenschoolsgothroughaseriesofintensiveworkshopsledbytheatrepractitionersunderthefourcategoriesabovethatallowthemtosharetheirideasand,atthesametime,encouragethemto"collect"memoriesfromolderPafians,whichtheycanthenusefortheperformances.TheperformancesarestagedattenlocationswithinaperiodofsixdaysaroundthecityofPafos.Thesitesarechosenbythegroupofparticipantsthroughtheirworkshopprocessandthememoriestheycollectfromolderlocalresidents,revisitingrefugeeswhohadoncelivedinPafosornewmigrantswhohaverecentlyarrivedfromaforeigncountry.Thisprocessworksalongthe"OpenLivingLibrary"whichenvisionstheassemblyofpeoplewhohavelonglivedinPafos,foryoungpeopletohavediscussionswithandgatherinformationandbeautifulstoriesaboutlifeinthecitydecadesagoasonegathersinformationfrombooks.
The performances of "Back to the Future" areautonomousone-actpiecesthatcombinesound,movementandspokenwordinasite-specificmanner.Theprojectisdesignedtoprovideparticipantsmoreflexibilityandfluidityofmovementintermsofhowtheyproducemusic,scriptsandsettingsandhowtheyexecutetheproductions.Studentsrelyontheirskillsandworkshopexperiences,workingtogetherinordertoproducetheoverallfinaloutcomeoftheperformances,startingfrombuildingthescript,toputtingonlightsandstageprops,composingthemusicand,ultimately,performing.
Site-specificperformancestakeplaceoutsidetheconventionaltheatrespaceandinspacesthatcanbeasvariedasanentrancegatetoacourtyardtoachurchorarooftop.ThecityofPafos,then,"lends"theparticipantsitsspacesforperformances.Theperformancestellstoriesaboutspacesandimaginetheirchangeinthefuture,making,ontheonehand,theimpactofwhatisbeingshownevenmoreprofoundandengagingand,ontheotherhand,strengtheningessentiallythebondbetweenthecity’sspacesandhowpeopleusethemtoexpressthemselvescreativelyandconstructively.ThecollectionofsmallperformancesinasequenceofsixdaysacrosssitesofthecityisacameoofthehistoryofPafosandthestoryofitstransformationasacitythataccommodatesoldandnew.Theperformancesareopentothepublicandinvitepeopletoeventakepartactively
astheymovealongwiththeactorsintheperformancespaces.
Mostimportantly,atthecoreofthoseperformances,astheyarewritten,producedandperformedatspecificsitesofthecitybyyoungpeoplelivinginit,liestheirambitiontoenvisionitsfuture.Astheyoungparticipantsworktogetherweavingintotheirproductionsstoriesofthepastandthepresentastheyarefirst-handnarratedbyPafianslivinginthecityalltheirlivesorjust recently, theyare forcedtochallengetheirconceptionsofhowthecitywillchangeinthefutureandencouragedtodevelopopinionsandideasonhowthatfuturecanbeoneofamulticulturalPafosthatentailsaworldofpossibilitiesandopportunitiesforitscitizens inexpressing themselves innovatively,creativelyandcollectively.
FocusingprimarilyonhowyoungPafiansseethefutureoftheircityandhowtheychoosetoshareitwiththeiraudiences,"BacktotheFuture"injectspowerinthehandsoftheyoungsters,whowillbefutureEuropeancitizens,tolearnfromthepast,understandthepresentandenvision,shapeandinfluencethefutureoftheircity.Theempoweringnatureof theprojectallowsyoungpeoplemorefreedominresearchingandtakingathird-personpointofviewattheircitywholly,fromitsarchitecturetoitspeople,withanultimateaimtodesignitsfuture,"dressing"itwithsound,movementandimagethattellthestoryofhowtheygottothosefinaltenproductions.
open-Air factoryraw materials: Rapidlychangingcity-progressivelydividedcity(toupperresidentialandlowertouristic)-segregatedcommunities-adverseimpactoftourism-storiesnarratedbyoldergenerationsandrevisitingrefugees-dreamsandaspirationsoftheyoungergenerations -ambition toenvision the future -innovative,creative,collectiveexpression.
production units: Students,teachers,coordinators-OlderPafiangenerationsandrevisitingrefugees-"TheatrEtc"-"MovingCity"-HomeforCooperation-MinistryofEducationandCultureoftheRepublicofCyprus-ASSITEJDenmark,theDanishCentreoftheInternationalOrganizationofTheatreforChildrenandYoungPeople,affiliatedtoUNESCO.
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product:Empoweringyoungsterstoresearchandtakeathirdpersonpointofviewoftheircity-bringingculturerightintotheheartofthecity-citizensexperiencenewarchitecturalandsocialdimensionsofthecity-youngPafianslearnfromthepast,understandthepresent,envision,shapeandInfluencethefutureoftheircity-sharingtheirvisionswiththeiraudiences-becomingfutureEuropeancitizens.
production Area:The"OpenKhan"andvariousopen-airlocationsinthecity(seeexamplesindescriptionabove).
production period:Summer2015soastoexplorethepossibilityofsubmitting it to theBritishNSDF(NationalStudentDramaFestival)in2016(runseveryfouryears)
production cost:€92.000
2. IN TUNE WITH NATUREEcology and environmental awarenessplayaprincipalroleinthestagesofthefuture.Auniquesensitiveeco-systeminEurope,theAkamasPeninsulaposesmajorchallengesinresolvingtheconflictofinterestbetweenconservationistsandlocalresidentsandauthorities.Oncloserinspection,theAkamasProjectassessestheclashingviewpointsandproposesa solutionaimedatconverting literallyviolentantagonism intoconstructivesynergybasedonwin-win frameworks . This effort may yieldconsiderablebenefitsnotonlytoAkamasbuttoothersimilarcasesinEurope.
Onadifferentnote,RecycleArtisyetanothercreativeoutletforallresidentstoconsiderinviewofthedoublebenefitofrecyclingandcreativity.Inadditiontolocal,European andMiddle Eastern environmentalinstitutionsandNGOs,Pafos2017engagesawiderangeofforeignresidents’clubsandassociationswillingtoactivelysupportthisendeavour.
the Akamas projectLinkingContinentswithenvironmentalwin-winframeworks
introduction TheAkamasPeninsula,asdescribedintheConservationManagementPlanofWorldBank/EU,coversabout230km2andislocatedonthewesterntipofCyprus.Itisanareaofgreatnaturalbeautyandecologicalvalueunaffectedbydevelopment.Therarityanddiversityoffloraandfaunaaswellasanimalsandmigratorybirdsistrulyimpressive.
OnaEuropean level, theAkamasareahasbeenidentifiedasoneofthe22areasofendemisminEuropeandoneofonlythreeEuropeanareasholdingtwoormorerestricted-rangespeciesofbirds.
AvitallyimportantcharacteristicofthisPeninsulaisitsbeaches.AkamasisthelastlargeunspoiledcoastalarearemaininginCyprus,andoneoftheveryfewimportantsea-turtlenestingareasintheMediterraneancriticalfortheirsurvival.
Todaythereare12settlementsinAkamas,eightGreekCypriotvillagesandfourTurkishCypriot,thelastofwhichhoweverhavingbeenabandonedbytheirnativeinhabitantssincethe1974tragicalevents.AllthevillagesareexceptionalexamplesofCypriottraditionalarchitecture,matchingthebeautyandgeologyoftheenvironment.
Nowadays,Akamas faces several conflicts andchallenges.Thebiggestthreathowever,comesfromthepressurefortouristdevelopmentthathascapturedmostoftheisland’sbeachesandmuchofitscoastline.
Inaddition,militaryexercisesbytheBritishForces(endedsince1999),fires,excessiveuncontrolleduseofroutesfor "Safaritype"expeditions,uncontrolledhunting,fishing,uncontrolledgrazing,motorrallies,illegalbulldozing,sandextraction,andtheoperationoftwoquarrieshaveallhaddetrimentaleffectsontheecologically-sensitivearea.
Since1986,manydifferentstudiesandmanagementplanshavebeenpreparedbytheMinistryofAgriculture,NaturalResourcesandtheEnvironmentandMETAP
(MediterraneanEnvironmentalTechnicalAssistanceProgramme-WorldBank,EUandUNDPfunding)fortheprotectionandconservationofthewholearea. Moreover, the Council of Europe issuedrecommendationno.63totheRepublicofCypruswithtenrecommendationsfortheprotectionofthePeninsula(includingthedeclarationoftheAkamasasanationalpark),whichremainunimplemented.
ThelastformalproposalbytheCyprusGovernmentregardingthemanagementoftheAkamasPeninsulawas presented in 2005 and suggested a "milddevelopment"ofthearea,infrastructureimprovements,agro-tourism,conservationofthe"nature"valueoftheagriculturalenvironment,etc.
the conflictConflictingwiththeoveralleffortforenvironmentalprotectionarecommunitiesinthearea.Thepeoplearemostlypoor,leadingalifeofhardship,eagerlylookingforwardtohavingtheirlanddevelopedsoastoofferabetterlifetotheirfamilies.Asaresult,duringthelast25years,anyrecommendationtoprohibitdevelopmentinordertoconservetheenvironmentgeneratedgreatconflict.
Action planAllplannedactivitiesareinaccordancewiththeGovernment’smanagementplansfortheAkamasPeninsulaandtheprinciplesofEcotourism.
Themainconcept is thedesignandorganizingofspecialwalkingandcyclingroutesinAkamasandconnectingcommunitiesandspecialplacesofculturalandenvironmentalinterestwherevisitorscanstoptoenjoythestunningviews,participateinlocalculturalevents,visitamuseumoranenvironmentalinterpretationcentre,awinery,orotherlocalartsandcraftsworkshopsfeaturingtraditionalproducts,simplyhaveatraditionalmealatalocaltavernaorstayovernightatalocalbedandbreakfast.
ThewalkingandcyclingroutesoftheAkamasaddress a wide spectrum of the population, children, adults and people with special needs by offering activities for different age groupsandtransportationmeans(electriccycles).
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In order to raise environmental awareness onecologicalvaluesandtheconservationofAkamas,Pafos2017willsetupEnvironmentalInformationCentresatthetwo"entrances"totheAkamasPeninsulaatPegeiaandNeoChorio,usingrestoredtraditionalhomesorunusedcommunitybuildingssuchasoldschools.Theinformationcentresenlightenthevisitorson Ecotourism, sustainable development andbiodiversity.
Thecreationoftraditionalworkshops,smallinformationandinterpretationcentres,theorganizingofculturalevents,festivalsandfairs,guidedtours,awomen’scooperativeofsmallbusinessesofartsandcraftsaswellasorganicfood,allofferopportunitiesforadditionalincomethatwillimprovethelifeofthelocalcommunities.
Pafos2017plansvariousactivitiesaimingatgraduallychangingtheperspectiveandmentalityofthelocalpeoplethatpresentlyfocusexclusivelyoneconomicprofitandtheirpersonalandfamilies’financialwelfare.ThispotentialsolutioncanbeasuccessfulmodelinaddressingsimilarproblemsanddilemmasinotherEuropeancountriesandstrikingagoodbalancebetweenenvironmentalconservationandeconomic
development.ForthispurposetheassistanceofNGOssuchasAnTaiscefromIrelandhasbeensecured.
Inthelocalcommunities,thevillagesquaresorthechurchsquareswillbeusedforopen-airactivitiessuchaslectures,presentationsofsimilarenvironmentalprojectssuccessfullyimplementedbyprogressivecountrieslikeDenmark(leadingcyclingcountry),liveconcertsanddebatesbetweenthecitizensandlocalauthoritiesinordertoinformtheAkamasresidentsandraiseawarenessonthebenefitsofEcotourismwhichalsosupporttheirfinancialinterests.SuchactivitiesincludeenvironmentaleducationprojectsattheschoolsoftheAkamascommunities,speciallydesignedforthiscase:
Asanexample,acyclingstation(with40-50bicycles)issetupatavillagelikeKathikasorPanoArodesforschoolchildrenandyoungsterstovisit,receiveinformationoneco-friendlymeansoftransportation,carbondioxideemissionsandglobalwarming.Additionally,theydoacyclingroutesuitablefortheirage.
Pafos2017restoressomeoftheabandonedhalf-ruinedhousesintheTurkish-CypriotvillagesofKatoArodes,AndrolikouorFasliinordertocreatesmallcentresfor
bi-communalexchangeandculturalactivities.TheywillalsooperateasreceptionplacesfortheTurkishCypriotsencouragedtovisitfromthenorthernpartoftheisland.ThesecentresareextensionsatellitesoftheMouttalosbased"Open-Khan"inPafos.
potential cycling route (example)NeoChorio,Smigiespicnicarea,Larabeach,Avakasgorge,AgiosGeorgios(Pegeia)-Totaldistance:25km
options:WalkingatSmigiesandAvakasgorge,visittoLaraturtlenestingstation,visittothearchaeologicalsitesatAgiosGeorgiosarea(specialinterests:flora,fauna,geology,turtlesoftheMediterranean,mythsandhistory)
Pafos2017createstherequiredinfrastructurefortheabovebycreatingkioskstationsalongtheroutesinremoteareasforenvironmentalinformationandinterpretation,mappingofthearea,picnicareas,watersupply,hygienefacilities.Speciallydesignedsignpostssetupatregularintervalsthroughouttheroutesinremoteareasguidethevisitorstothesekiosks.
Eco-biennaleAnambitiousprojectwhichcanbeapotentialaxisofeconomic,socialandculturaldevelopment,notonlyforthelocalcommunitiesbutforCyprusandEuropeasawhole,istheestablishmentofan international Eco-biennale which includes all forms of visual arts(painting,sculpture,installations,photography,videoart,performances,happenings)andhasasitsmainthemetheEnvironment and Ecology.ThemainideaoftheEco-Biennaleisthesite-specificworkoftheparticipatingartistsintheAkamasPeninsulaandtheopenexhibitionoftheoutcome,tolocalsandvisitorsalike,intheopenair(Open-AirFactory)orintheAkamascommunities.
The"creation"periodlaststhreemonths(May,June,July)andtheexhibitionoftheproducedartanotherthreemonths(August,September,October).TheEco-Biennaleconsistsalsoofplainairactivities,artseminarsandsymposia.
Moreover,withtheactivecooperationofcitizensandlocalauthorities,Pafos2017createsapotentialparticipationoftheAkamasareaintheEuropean
GeoparksNetworkastheGeologyofthePeninsulaandtheinfrastructuredevelopmentofthisprojectmeetthecriteriaofaGeoparkaccordingtotheEuropeanNetwork.Thiswillpromotetheconservationofourgeologicalheritage,enhancethepublicunderstandingof Earth science, and promote the sustainableeconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.
All theabove initiatives introduceandpromoteEco-tourism in thisunique and sensitive area,somethingwhichwillalsohelpincreasetheincomeofthelocalcommunities.Pafos2017willmakeahugeefforttoensurethatthelocalsfinallyadoptthenewinitiativestothebenefitofallconcerned.Pafos2017exploresthepossibilityofsupportingthecreationoflocalB&Bsinordertoenablevisitorstoenjoythelocalhospitalityandcultureaswellasprovideadditionalincometothelocalresidents.
Inordertobestcoordinateandpromotethisobjective,Pafos2017setsupaspecialcommitteemadeupofallinterestgroupsandexternalexperts.Inaddition,Pafos2017activelyengagesthelocalforeignresidentswhosupportandcoordinateculturalandsocialactivitiesandpromoteenvironmentalawareness.
Likewise,specialteamsmadeupofarchitectsandengineersguideandoverseetherestorationprocessofneglectedrun-downtraditionalhomesstrategicallylocatedonornearthewalkingandcyclingroutestoserveasrestingstations,informationpointsandevenfunctionassmallinnsforovernightstaywhenpossible.
open-Air factoryraw material: Thegreatnaturalbeautyandecologicalvalue area unaffected by development - puretraditionalvillagewayofliving-strongtradition-economicandculturalgapbetweenurbancentresandthecommunitiesoftheAkamasregion-conflictbetweenthepeopleintheAkamascommunitiesandenvironmentalists-threatofharmfulhumanintervention-delayandlackofgovernmentaldecisionabouttheAkamasPeninsula.
production units: LocalpopulationofAkamascommunities-volunteers-E.KA.TE.(CyprusChamberofFineArts)andcorrespondingTurkishCypriotEMAA
(European-Mediterranean Art Association) -internationalvisitingartists-CyprusMinistryofEducationandCulture-HomeforCooperation-CYMEPA-EnvironmentalEducationCentresinPafosDistrict(SalamiouandPanagia)-visitors.EuropeanandMiddleEasternNGOsincludeAnTaisceofIreland-JREDS(TheRoyalMarineConservationSocietyofJordan)-WorldGreenStar,Iran-EmiratesWildlifeSocietyinassociationwithWWF(Panda).LastbutnotleasttheforeignresidentclubsandassociationsincludeU.K.C.A.(UnitedKingdomCitizensAssociationPafos)-"Aetos"ofPafos(PontianCommunity)-FriendsHospiceAssociation-PafosDartsLeague-PafosAdonisLionsClub-PafosInternationalSailingClub.
product: Environmentalawarenessoflocalpeople,visitors andEuropeans - sustainable economicdevelopmentoftheregion-achangeofmindsetandphilosophyofthelocalcommunitiesregardingabetterlifeinabetterenvironment-developmentofamodelofEcotourism-bi-communalexchange-developmentofcyclingcultureandalternativewaysoftransporta-tionforthefuturegenerations-developmentofartsandcultureofPafosandtheAkamasarea.
production Area: AkamasPeninsula,thecommunitiesoftheAkamasregion,PafosDistrictingeneral.
"open khan" satellites: Restoredhouses intheTurkishCypriotvillagesofKatoArodes,AndrolikouorFasliinordertocreatesmallcentresforbi-communalexchangeandculturalactivities.TheywillalsooperateasreceptionplacesfortheTurkishCypriotsencouragedtovisitfromthenorthernpartoftheisland.ThesecentresareextensionsatellitesoftheMouttalos-based"Open-Khan"inPafos.
production period:Two-yearpreparationworkcommencingin2015tobecompletedby2017.
ProductionCost:€480.000initialsetup €40.000annualrunningcosts €90.000Eco-Biennalecost
3. ROUTES CINEMATIC ROOTSLinkingContinentsthroughacinematicmappingofPafos,Europeanditspeople.
A moving cinemawilltracearoutethroughtheneighbourhoodsofPafos,consideringtheentirecityasaseriesofpossiblesitesforopen-airscreeningsofnon-fictionfilmsseennotasaspectacle,butratherasadocument.
Underdevelopedareas,culturalspaces, touristicpiazzas,folkloricvenues,coffeeshops,emptyfieldsarebroughttogetherbythecinematicapparatusthatmoves(amovingcinemarefersbothtoitsmobilityaswellasitsaffectivesensibility).TheOpen-AirFactoryprovidesandlinkswithspecialsignagetheaboveoutdoorspacesthroughoutthecity.
Screeningstakeplaceduringthethreemonthsofthesummer and are supportedby an eight-monthworkshopseriesandamonthofpost-productionediting.Eachscreeningwillpresentbothashortdocumentaryandafeaturedocumentary.Theshortdocumentaries (15minutes)will be createdbyresidentsofthespecificareaswherethescreeningswillbeheld,andwillbethe finalproductsofanon-fictionfilm-makingworkshop.
Theworkshopwillbeheld inco-operationwithacademicinstitutions,culturalassociations,homesfortheelderly,ruralorganizations,carehomes,orotherinstitutionsthatwishtoaccommodatethecourse.Takingadvantageoftheworkshop’smobility(awell-equipped vehiclewith the appropriateaudiovisualaidsandtools),thetutoringteamwillvisittheaforementionedplacesandoffertheresidentsachancetopresentthemselvesandtheirwayoflife,theproblemsthey face, thesocialandpersonalrelationships, and the senseof communityandbrotherhoodintheveryenvironmentthattheyinhabit.Itwillgiveachanceforexpressiontoallmembersofthe diverse communities; from European andnon-Europeanbackgrounds,ethnicminorities,theTurkishCypriots(byvisitingtheminthenorthernpartofCyprus),inordertoshowcaseaspiritofco-existence,diverseperspectives,historiesandtraditions.
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Theseconddocumentarywillbefeature-lengthandaEuropeanproductionrelatedtotheuniquesitesandthemesofeachscreening.ItwillshowthesimilaritiesofeverydaynessinthelivesofpeopleinPafosandotherplacesinEurope,withanemphasisonthewayothercommunitiesfoundsolutionsandovercameproblemsthatthepeopleofPafosmaybecurrentlyfacing.
Aims: Theroutefrommacro-scaleEuropetothemicro-scalePafos,fromthelargecommunitytothepeoplesofaneighbourhood,isthegroundfortherootingofaEuropeanandcommunalidentity.
"RoutesCinematicRoots"re-activatescreativelynotjusttheplacesthatitvisits,butthecommunityanditspeopletoo.Itaspirestobuildthefoundationsforalastingrelationwithcinema,byeducatingfutureEuropeanspectatorsandbymentoringfilm-makers.
Itsattentionandconcernaredirectedbothintrospec-tively,inrelationtoPafos,atlocationsinneedofrejuvenationandgrowth,suchastheTurkishCypriotquarterofMouttalos,unusedspacesthatcanbeusedforculturalpurposesliketheabandonedopen-air
municipalcinema,areaswithidiosyncraticethnicandhistoricalcontextsuchastheMunicipalGardenofPafos(whichisusedeverySundaybythecommunityofAsianmigrants),ruralvillageswiththeirtraditionalwayoflifeandagriculturalcustoms,cosmopolitanvenueswiththediverseandmulticulturalvibesthataEuropeanyounggenerationbringstoPafos.TheprojectisalsoextrospectiveinnatureandrelatestothelargerEuropeancommunitybyreviewingsimilarthemesat the screeningof the related featuredocumentaries.ItprovidesaperspectivewhichmakesEuropepersonalbypresentingitspeople;showingthewayinwhichtheyfindcommonsolutions,shareanethicalstanceandadopt the European identity without having to abolish their own.
Finally,theproductionofaDVDthatincludesalltheshortdocumentariesproducedinthecourseofthenon-fictionfilm-makingworkshopwillexporttheimages,customs,viewsandlivesofthepeopleofPafostoanalogousEuropeaninstitutionsandfestivals.
open-Air factoryraw materials: Communal sense of identity,especiallyinrelationtotheeverydaylifeofsmall
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groupsofpeopleofPafos,bothindigenousanddwellers-livingconditions-diverseperspectives,historiesandtraditions-socialandculturalproblems-humancondition-criticalthinkingfortheirsolution.
production units: PeopleofthediversecommunitiesfromEuropeanandnon-Europeanbackgrounds-ethnicminorities-TurkishCypriotformerinhabitantsofPafos,visitingthemattheplacestheycurrentlyliveinthenorthinordertoexposeaspiritofco-existence-instructors-coordinators.Universities,localschools,regionalandcommunalculturalcentresincludingcommunalenvironmentalassociations-wineriesandruralenterpriseswhichpromotethefoodanddrinkcultureofPafos-nurseryhomes-hospices-underdevelopedorrun-downareas.Directors’GuildofCyprus-HouseofLiteratureandtheArtsofPafos-CentreoftheYouthBoardofCyprus-FriendsHospicePafos-HomeforCooperation-EuropeanandMiddleEasternpartnersincludenumerousnon-fictionshortfilmfestivalssuchas:theSheffieldDoc/Fest(UKdocumentaryfilmfestival)-theHellenicDocumentaryFestival(Chalkida)-InternationalHealthFilmFestival(Liège)-FestivaldeiPopoli(Florence)-PlanetedocReview/AgainstGravity(Warsaw)andtheBeirutInternationalFilmFestival.
product:Culturaleducation- learningofanewcinematicandvisuallanguageofexpressionforgroupswithalimitedabilityofvoicingtheirproblems-offeringinsider’sviewofPafos-DVDproductionwhichcanexporttheimagesandissueslocalsfacetoEuropeandtheMiddleEastthroughscreeningsindocumentaryfestivals-revitalizationofrun-downareas.
proposed period: Annually,beginningin2015rightupto2017andbeyond
production Area: The"OpenKhan"(seenext),culturalspaces,touristpiazzas,folkloricvenues,coffee-shops,emptyfieldsandvariousneglectedunderdevelopedorrun-downareasofPafoswarrantingregeneration.
production cost:€36.000(2015) €40.000(2016) €50.000(2017) Total:€126.000
4. THE OPEN KHAN JointTurkishGreekCypriotCulturalCentre
mouttalos – A brief recent historyThedevastatingevents in1974ledtheTurkishCypriotstoabandontheirhomesinMouttalosandrelocatetothenorthoftheisland.ThedesertedhomesweresubsequentlyinhabitedbythousandsofGreekCypriotrefugeeswhere,tothisday,theycontinuetolive-a"temporary"conditionyetwithconsiderableimpactonthesocial,cultural,urbanandeconomiclifeofthatquarter.
OpentoallCypriotssincethemiddleagesandwithoutclearborders,MouttaloschangedshortlyafterthedeclarationofCyprusasanindependentstatein1960.Asaresultofthebi-communalpoliticaldisturbanceswhich reached theirclimax in1963,MouttalosdramaticallychangeditsaspectandbecameaghettowithclearboundariesdangerousforanyGreekCypriottocross.Tothisday,thebullet-holesonthehouseson"FellahoglouStreet"whichseparatesMouttalosfromtherestofthecitybetraythearmedstreetfightsthathadoncetakenplace.
Neglectedandrundown,MouttalosremainschargedwiththememoriesandemotionsofTurkishCypriotswhohadlivedtherefordecades.Likewise,thecurrentGreekCypriotrefugeeinhabitantsstruggletoretaintheirownidentitybyrefusingtodistancethemselvesfromtheirmemories.IndifferentasregardsreallyexperiencingMouttalos,theyleavefewtracesoftheirownidentitybehind,andmakelittlecontributiontoitsculturaldevelopment.
TheculturalheritageofMouttalosincludesa number of khans wherecaravansusedtostayovernight,withthecarrying-outoffinancialtradingandculturalexchangesintheinnercourtyards.IntheefforttoreviveMouttalossociallyandculturally,Pafos2017proposesthe restoration of one of these oriental symbols of hospitalitylocatedattheborderlineofthatquarterwiththecity,nexttoFellahogluStreetwherebloodystreetfightsoncetookplace.
FollowingextensiveresearchandwiththesupportoftheDepartmentofAntiquities,the currently run-down ibrahim khan (buildingsand inner
courtyard)is fully restored back to its authentic appearance both in termsof architecture andconstructionmaterial.Aboldinitiativeistheactive engagement of turkish cypriot craftsmeninvitedfromthenorthernpartofthe islandinordertocollaboratewith their fellow greek cypriots in this joint restoration process. Theinvitedcraftsmenwillformtheinitialnucleuswhichwillultimatelyhelppromotethemissionandoperationofthiskhanintheirowncommunityinthenorth,encouragingTurkishCypriotstofeelequallywelcometovisitMouttalosandfreelyusethefacilitiesandresourcesofthisuniquebi-communalcentre.Inaddition,highlypopularGreekandTurkishCypriotrockandjazzbandshavealreadyagreedtoperformtogether-aninitiativethatattractstheyoungergenerationsfromthenorthtovisitandexplorePafosanditsrenewedculturallife.Lastbutnotleast,theOpenLivingLibraryofferseasyaccesstoinquisitiveTurkishCypriotstolearnfirsthandfrom"humanbooks"aboutthetraditionsandcustomsthe twocommunitiesoncesharedandcherished.
"open khan" resources and facilitiesA.open library: A library with a permanent collectionaswellastheme-basedvisitingcollections(inhardcopyandelectronicform)inspiresmembersofbothcommunitiestokeepanopenmindset,attitudeand approach towards each other. The visitingcollectionsareborrowedfromuniversitiesinCyprus,EuropeandMiddleEastindependentlibrariesandculturalfoundations.A continuously-updated archive systemenablesCypriotsandotherEuropeanstoresearchandstudypre-1974social,culturalandeconomicissuespertainingtoMouttalosandtheTurkishCypriotvillagesinthesouthernpartoftheisland.
b.open studio:Amulti-purposespacethatcanhostbi-communalmusicevents,filmscreenings,lectures,poetryreadings,artandfolkloreexhibitions,aswellasapermanentphotoexhibitiondepictingeverydaylifeinMouttalospriortotheviolentseparationofthecommunitiesin1974.
Throughspecially-designedprogrammes,theOpenStudioenablescollaborationswithlocalandEuropeanNGO’stocoordinateandfosterco-creativityamong
childrenfrombothcommunitiesinordertohelpcreatefriendshipsamongtheyoungergenerations.Lessons,projectsandperformanceshowsinvolvingart,music,theatreanddanceonabi-communallevelareparticularlyconducivetofosteringateamspiritandbuildingabasisfortrust.
c.open Workshop:AfullyequippedworkshopspacethatcanhostclassesinthetraditionalartsandcraftsofPafosledbyexpertcraftsmen,bothGreekCypriotandTurkishCypriot,whohadoncelivedinMouttalosandarenowinvitedbacktohelpreviveoldculturesandtraditionssharedbybothcommunities.Traditionalartsandcraftssuchaspottery,basketandloom-weaving,wood-carving,traditionalcrochetamongothers,arerevivedandtaught,allunderthesameroof.
d.open living library:bi-communal story-telling workshopswheretheoldestofthree generations (grandparents,childrenandgrandchildren)fromboth
communitiesnarratestorieswhichinspiretheyoungergenerationstobuildabetterfuturebasedontoleranceandmutualunderstanding.Like"humanbooks"thatcanbeseenandheard,displacedgrandfathersandgrandmothersshedlightonthehumanstorywhichisoftenlostinthenumbersandstatisticsonrefugees.
E.open theater:Incollaborationwiththe"interna-tional theatre of the oppressed organization",theOpenTheatrewilltakeplaceoutdoorswithinthecourtyardoftheKhan.Twoormoreexperiencedactors/comedians/jestersfrombothcommunitieswillimproviseonagiventhemewhilethepublicsur-roundingtheopen-airstage-ringwillhavetherighttointerfere,interject,recommendandinfluencetheout-comeofevents.Inaddition,the"OpenKhan"providesvaluablesupportforsettingupstreet-theatreperform-ancesputtogetherbystudentsoftheDistrictofPafos(see"BacktotheFuture"project).
f.open playground:TheOpenKhanplaygroundofferstheopportunitytoyoungerchildrenfrombothcommunitiestomeetandtogettoknowoneanotherthroughtraditionalgames.
g.open kitchen: ArestaurantservingtraditionalCypriot cuisinewhichhasevolved through thecenturiesbythegradualfusionofTurkishandGreekcuisines.GreekCypriotandTurkishCypriotcookswillcollaboratetopreserveanauthenticbalancebetweenboth traditions aswell as to teachaficionadostraditionalrecipesandsecrettechniques.A cooking contest involving both communitiesisalsoheldonlocation.
H.open inn:Asmallnumberofguestroomsismadeavailablefreeofchargetoguestartists,speakers,researchers,elderlyTurkish-Cypriotsengaginginstory-tellingetc.Simulatingtheauthenticoperationsof19thcenturykhans,thebi-communalcentrealsohosts(atanominalfee-partiallysponsoredbytheMunicipality)asmallnumberofex-PafianTurkishCypriotswhomakethelongtripfromthenorthinordertobeginre-acquaintingthemselveswithMouttalos,aswellasGreekCypriotswhovisitfortheevents.
the open khan is truly open on all levels. Welcomingandinspiringbothcommunitiestoco-createandco-produce,theOpenKhanreactivatesandregeneratestherun-downTurkish-CypriotquarterwhileEuropeiswatching–apointofreference,oftolerance,ofall-inclusiveness,ofEuropeanmulticulturalism.
sample projectsTheabove"open"resourcesprovidetheinfrastructureandsupportnecessaryforprojectssuchas"BacktotheFuture","TheBigMosaic"and"RoutesCinematicRoots"toberealizedaseffectivelyandefficientlyaspossible,encouragingalsotheparticipationofTurkishCypriotsinabalancedandunbiasedframework.
"BacktotheFuture":Participantscangatherthememoriesfromthewidecollectionof"humanbooks"madeavailableattheOpenLivingLibrary.ExperiencedprofessionalsandteachersactingasguidesfortheprojectusethefacilitiesoftheOpenInn.
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"TheBigMosaic":TheprojectcanbegreatlyfacilitatedbytheOpenKhanasthiswillbedevelopedaccordingtoproposedplan.Infactitcouldbethecentrallocationoftheactivities,bothforpracticalaswellasforsymbolicreasons.StrategicallysituatedintheveryheartofPafos,itcanserveasameeting-placeandthestarting-pointforwalksthroughwhichgroupscantakedifferentinves-tigativeroutes,collectingfragmentsandinformation.TheLivingLibrary,theOpenWorkshopandtheOpenTheatercanprovidespacesforinteraction,discussion,researchandworkamongtheyoungprojectworkersandtheirguides.Itcanalsoprovideanexcellentspaceforpresentationoftheworkdone.
"RoutesCinematicRoots":Aspartofthefilm-makingworkshops,theparticipantsengageintherecordingof the actual restoration process of the Khan,documentinganeffortinwhichthetwocommunitiesworktogetherinordertore-buildtheircommonlife.And,aftertheopeningoftheKhan,documentationcanbeconcernedwiththemultiplecreativeprojectsandactionsthatwillbetakingplaceintheKhan.
open-Air factoryraw material: Adividedislandthreatenedwithpermanentpartition-communitiesinconflictthatoncelivedinharmonysharingacommonhistory,customsandtraditions-bitternessandhatred-betterunitedthanseparate-themessageofreunification-reconstructingthefuturetogether.
production units: E.KA.TE.(ChamberofFineArts)-EMAA(European-MediterraneanArtAssociation)-MPC(MediterraneanPolicyCentre)-HASDER(FolkArtsfoundation)-HomeforCooperation-CyprusPhotographicSociety-NeapolisUniversity-Directors’GuildofCyprus-HouseofLiteratureandtheArtsofPafos-CentreoftheYouthBoardofCyprus-E.T.E.K.ScientificandTechnicalChamberofCyprus-CyprusAssociationofCivilEngineers.GreekandTurkishCypriotcraftsmencollaborateonreconstructingahalfruinedKhan-oldergenerationswhohavelivedinPafosformanyyears,andTurkishCypriotrefugeesrevisitingfromthenorthactingashumanbooksintheOpenLivingLibrary–studentsperformingstreettheatre-GreekandTurkishCypriotpopularrockandjazzbandscollaborating toattract theyoungergenerationsfromthenorth–localandEuropean
studentsandacademicsresearchingintheOpenLibrary-youngGreekandTurkishCypriotstudentsreconstructing"theBigMosaic"bypiecingtogethervariousartformsfollowinginvestigation-citizenslearningtocreatedocumentaryfilms-GreekCypriotandTurkishCypriotCommunitieslearningeachotherslanguageandcommonartsandcrafts-andmuchmore.
product: Anopenmindsetreadytorethinkthefutureofbothcommunitiesco-existing,co-creatingandco-producing-aPafosembarkingonanewera-aculturallyrevivedMouttalossharedandenjoyedbyallcommunities-buildingtrust-thecultureofpeace-themessageofreunification-commonEuropeanidentity.
production Area: TherestoredIbrahimKhanintheheartofthehistoriccentreofPafos.
production period: 2015-2016,dependingontherestorationtimerequired(tobeevaluatedbyexpertcraftsmen).
production cost: €650.000(restorationandfacilities)plus€45.000(annualrunningcosts)
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110
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10. Appendix
APPENDIx
Pafos 2017 / Appendix / 113
DEMOGRAPHYThepopulationofCyprus isestimatedasbeing892.400attheendof2009,anincreaseof0,8%incomparisonwith2008.
DifferencesinpopulationgrowthontheislandAftertheTurkishinvasionofJuly-August1974,thetotalpopulationexperiencednegativegrowthuptomid1977,throughwarlosses,emigrationandfertilitydecline.Inthefollowingyearsthepopulationgrewagain. However, the overall growth concealspronounceddifferencesbetweenthepopulationoftheTurkishCypriotsintheareabeingunderTurkishoccupationandthepopulationoftheGreekCypriotsandothercommunitieslivingintheareacontrolledbytheRepublicofCyprus.Thefirstslightlydecreases,whilethelatterappearstobeincreasingby0,7-2,7%annuallyoverthelastfiveyears.Sincebothfertilityandmortalityratesaresimilarthroughouttheisland,themainreasonforthisdifferenceismigration.
Totalpopulationfiguresdonotincludenon-docu-mentedsettlersfromTurkey.Estimatesofthesesettlersrangefrom160.000to170.000.
Outofatotalof892.400inhabitants,theestimatedcompositionofthepopulationbycommunityattheendof2009was:
GreekCypriotcommunity 672.800or75,4%TurkishCypriotcommunity 89.200or10,0%Foreignresidents 130.400or14,6%
AgeofthepopulationCyprushasstrongindicationsofpopulationaging.Theproportionofchildrenbelow15decreasedto16,9%whiletheproportionofpersonsaged65andoverincreasedto13,0%in2009.In1992,thesefiguresstoodat25,4%and11,0%respectively,andin198225,0%and10,8%.Furthermore,theworkingpopulationalsoincreased.
NewbornIn2009,thenumberofbirthsintheRepublicofCyprusincreasedto9.608from9.205theyearbefore,givingacrudebirthrateof12,0perthousandpopulation.Anincreaseisobservedinthenumberofbirthsforthelasttwoyearsbutonecannotspeakofatrend.
Cyprus has one of the lowest proportions ofextra-maritalbirthsinEurope,andfertilityisalmostexclusivelymaritalfertility.In2009,1.128childrenwerebornoutofwedlockconstitutingaproportionof11,7%ofthetotalnumberofbirths.
Themeanageofwomenatthebirthoftheirfirstchildwas29,5years,whilethemeanageatbirthirrespectiveoftheorderofchildwas30,8yearsin2009.
LifeendTheestimatednumberofdeathsintheRepublicofCyprusreached5.182in2009andthecorrespondingcrudedeathrate6,5deathsperthousandpopulation.
Expectationoflifeatbirthisestimatedat77,9yearsformalesand82,4forfemalesin2009.Themaincausesofdeathasreportedin2009werediseasesofthecirculatorysystem,neoplasms,diseasesoftherespiratorysystemandendocrine,nutritionalandmetabolicdiseases.
Infantmortalityhasadmittedlyreachedalowlevel,estimatedat3,3infantdeathsper1000livebirthsin2009.
MarriagesanddivorcesThetotalnumberofmarriagesin2009decreasedto12.769from13.395theyearbefore.Inthelastfewyears,alargenumberofnon-residentforeignersweremarriedinCyprusincivilweddings.Outof8.974civilweddingscelebratedin2009,only2.532wereofresidentsofCyprus.
Inmostweddings(54,0%),bothgroomandbridewereforeign;aCypriotgroomandforeignbrideconstituted21,4%;in7,6%ofweddings,thebridewasCypriotandthegroomforeign,and17,0%ofweddingsconcernedCypriotspouses.Syrian,Pakistani,BangladeshiandBritishwerethemainnationalitiesofgroomswhoheldacivilweddingin2009,whileofthebrides,themainnationalitieswereRomanian,Bulgarian,RussianandUkrainian.
Firstmarriagesforbothpartnersconstituted75,9%ofmarriagesofresidents,16,8%wereremarriagesforonepartner,and7,3%wereremarriagesforbothpartners.
ThemeanageofmaleresidentsofCyprusatfirstmarriagewascalculatedat29,5.Similarly,themeanageofwomenatfirstmarriagewascalculatedat27,4.InparallelwiththeEuropeanaverage,ageatfirstmarriagecontinuestobelowerinruralthaninurbanareasforbothgroomsandbrides.
Thetotalnumberofdivorcesin2009was1.738,andthecrudedivorceratewascalculatedat2,2perthousandpopulation.Ofthedivorcedcouples,52,5%reportednodependentchildrenunder18yearsold,26,8%reportedone,15,1%twoand5,6%reportedthreeormoredependent children.Themediandurationofmarriageisestimatedat8,0yearsin2009.
Theplaceof residenceofdivorcedcoupleswaspredominantlyurban.Inparticular,80,2%ofthehusbandswhoobtainedadivorcewerelivingintowns,17,0%wereresidinginvillages,andtherestoutsidethecountryorofanunknownplaceofresidence.
MigrationNetmigrationhasbeenpositiveduringthelastdecade,althoughin2009netmigrationdecreasedto1.846comparedto3.595in2008.
AccordingtothePassengerSurvey in2009, thenumberoflong-termmigrants(Cypriotsandforeignersarrivingforsettlementorfortemporaryemploymentforoneyearormore)was11.675comparedto14.095in2008.
OnthebasisofthePassengerSurveyresultsfordepartures,thenumberofemigrants(CypriotsandforeignerswhohadresidedinCyprusforatleastoneyear)wasestimatedat9.829in2009comparedto10.500in2008.
HowdoesCyprusstandincomparisonwithEuropeanUnionaverages?ThepopulationofCyprusaccountsfor0,2%ofthetotalpopulationofthe27EuropeanUnioncountries.Cyprushasthethird-smallestpopulation,rankingbehindMaltaandLuxembourg.Cyprushasoneofthehighestratesofpopulationgrowthamongthe27EUcountries,which isexplainedby itsparticularlysignificantpositivenetmigrationbalance.Therateofnaturalincreaseisalsohigh,thethird-largestafter
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IrelandandFrance.Theage-compositionof thepopulationportraysasomewhatyoungerage-structurethantheEuropeanaverage.Theproportionofpersons65orolderisamongthelowest,whileatthesametimetheproportionofchildrenbelow15isamongthehighest.Butthepopulationasawholeisaginginthelasttenyears.TheabruptdecreaseoffertilityinCyprusrecordedduringthenineties,andtheincreaseofthefertilityindicatorinsomeEuropeancountriesinthelastfewyears,resultedinplacingthetotalfertilityrateofCyprusneartheaverageoftheEuropeanUnioncountries.LifeexpectancyatbirthforfemalesisclosetotheaverageEuropeanwhilethatformalesisaboveaverage.ThecrudemarriagerateremainsthehighestinEurope,whilethecrudedivorcerateisneartheEuropeanUnionaverage.
PRACTICALINFORMATIONInfrastructure/AccessibilityWithapermanentpopulationof70.000residents,theDistrictofPafosreceivesmorethan700.000touristseachyear,thankstoitsuniquecombinationofnature,history,andamildMediterraneanclimateyearround.Despiteitssmallsize,itpresentsawidevarietyoflandscapes:fromthevibrantcityofPafostotheleisurelypaceofthemountainvillages,andfromthepopularsandybeachestotheserenityoftheAkamasPeninsula.Whetherbypublictransport,car,bicycleoronfoot,exploringPafoscanbefulloffamiliarcomfortsandwelcomingsurprises.
HowtogethereThePafosInternationalAirportandanextensiveroadnetworkmakeiteasytoreachallareaswithinthedistrictfromanywhereintheworld.
ByplaneThePafosInternationalAirportisacontemporaryhub,locatedtothesouthofthecityofPafosatadistanceof15km,anda20minutedrivefromthecitycentre.CyprusAirwaysandbiginternationalairlinesconnectPafostomajorEuropeancities.
TheLarnakaInternationalAirport,theisland’smainairport,isonly140kmand1hour30minutesaway.ItoffersdirectflightstomanyEuropeandestinations,aswellascitiesinneighbouringAfricanandAsiancountries.
Bothairportsarelinkedtothecitybybusandtaxiservice.Link:http://www.cyprusairports.com.cy/
BycarPafosisconnectedtotherestofCyprusbythePafos-Limassol-NicosiaMotorway,ahigh-qualitytoll-freehighway.AsecondaryroadnetworkprovidesaccesstotheDistrict’sMunicipalitiesandsmallervillages.One
oftheDistrict’scurrentprioritiesistheconstructionofthePafos-PolisChrysochousMotorway,whichwillgreatlyimprovetheconnectionbetweenthearea’stwomaintownshipsandprovidebetteraccesstotheDistrict’snortherncommunities.Maindistancesbetweencities:
•Pafos-PolisChrysochous 35km•Pafos-Limassol 68km•Pafos-Nicosia 146km•Pafos-Larnaka 135km•Pafos-Paralimni 179km
BybusThePafosTransportOrganizationoperatesfromtwocentralstationsinthetownshipsofPafosandPolisChrysochous.Itsfleetprovidesregularandreliableservicewithinthetownshipsandtheirsuburbs,andconnectsthetwohubswithalltheDistrict’svillages.Link:http://www.pafosbuses.com
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ByboatForsailingenthusiasts,theareacurrentlyofferstwosmallportsinPafosandLatchi,andtwofishingsheltersinAgiosGeorgiosPegeiasandPomos.TheLatchiportisbeingexpanded intoa200-berthmarina,whileconstructionforthenew1000-berthPafosMarinaisexpectedtobeginsoon.
WalkingandcyclingKatoPafos,wherethemaintouristvenuesarelocated,isapedestrian-andbicycle-friendlyarea,withitsrecently-redesignedwaterfrontesplanadelinkingthearea’scentrewiththeMunicipalityofGeroskipoutothesouth,thelarge-scalehotelsthatlinetheseafront,themunicipalbeaches,themainsitesoftheArchaeo-logicalParkandtheTombsoftheKings.TheesplanadeisscheduledtostretchfurtherupnorthtothefishingshelterofAgiosGeorgiosinPegeia.
TheambitiousurbanregenerationprogrammetobeimplementedinPafoswilllinkallpedestrianroutesandarchaeologicalsitesinKatoPafosinacoherentnetwork, andwill also provideAnoPafoswithexpansivesquares,parksandpedestrianareas.
Fornaturelovers,theprotectedreserveofAkamas,thePafosForestandthesurroundingmountainsofferclearly-markedwalkingandbikingtrails.
AccommodationPafosisapopulartouristdestinationwithvariousaccommodation possibilities. The city and itssurroundingareasofferalmost30.000beds(about35%ofthebedsontheisland),40%ofwhicharein4-and5-starfacilities.Foranalternativesojourn,thevillagesinPafosDistrictaredottedwithhigh-qualityagrotouristfacilities,andNeapolisUniversityPafosoffershotel-standardaccommodationforstudentsandyoungervisitors.
Withinthisframework,itisimportantforthedistricttowelcomeevenmoreyoungvisitors, focusingthereforeonmoreaffordableaccommodation;existingunitsthatarecurrentlyindisuseinthecitycentrecanberefurbishedandreusedashostelsandbed&breakfast facilities to increase the number ofinexpensivebeds.
FACILITIESThecivilizationsthathavedevelopedinthewiderareaofPafos,overthecenturiesofthecity’suninterruptedlife,havelefttheirindeliblemarksonthecity’sphysicalspace,itsurbanfabric,itsnaturalenvironmentanditssurroundingtownsandvillages.
Pafos’ rangeofculturalandnaturalmonumentstraversesthehistoryofCyprus;fromthepre-historicyearstothepresentday,fromthearchaictemplestochurchesandmosques,fromthearrivalofeasternmerchantstotheinfluxofwesterntourists.ThesenumerousspacesandbuildingswithinthePafosDistrictofremarkableculturalheritagewillbecometheOpen-AirFactory’scomponentplants.
WhatfollowsisanalphabeticallistofthemainfacilitiesinPafosanditssurroundingarea,includingthoseplannedtoberenovatedorconstructedbetweennowand2017.
PAFOSAncient odeonPartoftheNeaPafosAgora,ofwhichonlythefoundationsremain,theAncientOdeon,datingfromthe2ndcenturyAD,wasrestoredbytheDepartmentofAntiquitiesandiscurrentlyused for theatrical,musicalanddanceperformances;idealforitsacoustics,itssettingatthefootoftheLighthouseanditshistoricalimportance.
"Aphrodite" sports HallItisthelargestindoorsportsarenainthecityofPafos,inauguratedin1991,withacapacityof2.000people.Itisthehomeof"Pafiakos"and"Dionysos"division"A"men’svolleyteamsandAPOP(Pafos)division‘A’men’sandwomen’sbasketballteams.AsoneofthemostimportantindoorsportinghubsintheDistrictofPafos,ithashostedmajornationalandinternationalathleticeventsthroughouttheyear,suchasthe18thEuropeanJuniorTaekwondoChampionships(6-9October2011).
Art galleriesTheprivateartgalleriessuchasCharoupomylosArtGallery,GalleryDaniel,KivotosGallery,KyklosGalleryandVintageArtHousewillalloffertheirspaces,expertiseandcreativedynamicforartexhibitions,installationsandworkshops.
byzantine museum of the Holy bishopric of pafos TheByzantineMuseumoftheBishopricofPafosishousedintheEastwingoftheBishopric,intheareaofMousallasinAnoPafos.TheMuseumaimsattheprotection,studyandpromotionofByzantineArttobefound in theparishesof theBishopric. IthasacollectionofmorethanahundrediconsincludingthatofSaintMarina,theoldest-knownso-farportableiconpreservedinCyprus,datedtothe7thor8thCentury.Italsocontainswallpaintings,woodcarvings,ecclesias-ticalmetalartworks,vestmentsandembroideries,aswellasmanuscriptsfrom1462tothe19thcentury.
carob millsTheMillsandtheneighbouringCo-opWarehousesaretwooftheremainingexamplesofPafos’industrialheritage.Onprivateinitiative,theCarobMillshavebeenconvertedintoamixed-useprojectthatincludestwocinemas,anightclubandasmallindoorplay-citywithanintegratedcafeteriaandagalleriawithlittleshops,whiletheCo-opWarehouseshousetheBowlingCentre.Sincetheareaisalreadyusedasamajorentertainmenthubfortheyoungergeneration,theMunicipality ofPafos intends tomaximize thepotentialsofthesitebyrenovatingtheexistingcinemasandextendingthespacestoincludeatheatreandsmallerstageareas forbandperformances,remodellingandextendingtheplay-city,utilizingotherpartsoftheunusedwarehousestoprovidesupportingentertainmentandleisureuses.
district officer’s HouseTheDistrictOfficer’sHousewasdesignedbyMaltesearchitectWilliamCaruanainthe1920’s,andcombinesaneo-gothicstylewithLatinelements.ItisclosetotheArchaeologicalMuseumandsurroundedbylushgardens.Recentlyrenovatedandre-openedin2011,thebuildingservesastheadministrativecentreofTheCyprusInstituteinPafosandhoststheactivitiesoftheScienceandTechnologyinArchaeologyResearchCentre(STARC),aswellasexhibitions,scientificconferencesandoutreachactivitiessupportedbytheMunicipalitiesofPafosandGeroskipou.TheCentrealsoplanstoholdunderwaterresearchintheareaofPafos,whileasummerschoolistobeaccommodatedinitsfuturefacilitiesintheFarmofGermaninainGeroskipou.
Ecclesiastical museum of Agios neofytosTheMonasteryofAgiosNeofytoswasfoundedinthe12thcentury,andissituatednearthevillageofTala,about10kmnorthofPafos,setinabeautifulnaturallandscape.ItssmallMuseumcontainsacollectionoficonsandtheremainsofsome16thcenturyfrescoes,togetherwithecclesiasticalobjects,manuscriptsandvestmentsfromthe12thtothe19thcenturies.ThereisalsoasmallarrayofancientvesselsdatingbacktotheGeometricandArchaicperiods.Atwo-dayfairwithlivemusic,Cypriotcrafts,foods,andmonasticgoodsisheldattheMonasteryeveryautumn.
Ethnographical museum of pafosFormerlyknownastheFolkArtMuseum,itwasfoundedbytheintellectualGeorgiosEliadesinaneoclassicalstonebuildingdatingfrom1894.ItcontainsoneoftherichestcollectionsofCypriotfolkartontheisland,withitemsfromthe19thandthe20thcenturies,includingcostumes,coins,furniture,toolsandceramics.
House of Arts and literatureItisanon-profitorganization,housedina1930’sbuildingwhoserestorationwascompletedin1998.Since2002,ithasbeeninoperationasaculturalcentre,hostingexhibitions,poetry-readingsandbook-presentations,film-screeningsandlectures.Itcanaccommodateupto100peopleinitsinterior,andabout150initsserenecourtyard.
markideion theatreTheMarkideionTheatreiscurrentlytheonlyindoorvenuefortheatreandmusicperformancesinPafos.TheMunicipalityofPafoshasplanstorenovateitsmainauditorium,itswaitingandbackstagespaces,aswellasthebuilding’sveryshell,inordertoaccommodatelargeorchestrasandtheatreanddancetroupes,creatingtheoptimalconditionsforartperformances.
municipal Art gallery TheArchontikoMaliotiisanexceptionalexampleofearly20thcenturyurbanarchitecture,locatedinthehistoricalcitycentre,incloseproximitytoKennedySquare.ThebuildinghasbeenrecentlyrestoredandiscurrentlybeenusedastheMunicipalArtGallery.Itsextensivegardens,whicharenowknownastheIlia
andAvgoustaMalliotiPark,isadelightfulgreenspacefeaturingdensetreecover,gardensandfountains.
"othello" cinemaAhistoriccitylandmark,theformer"Attikon"andcurrently"Othello"CinemaisinthecentreofAnoPafos,veryclosetotheKennedySquare.HavingfallenintodisuseasitisunderTurkishCypriotownership,theMunicipalityisplanningitsrestorationandre-useasanindoortheatreandcinemahall,withthelarge,openspacelocatedatthebackofthebuildingtobetransformedintoanopen-airsummertheatrewithasupportingcafeandrestaurant.Therestorationandre-useofthe"Othello"CinemaandtheMarkideionTheatrewillprovidethecitywithmuch-neededcontemporaryperformancespaces,andwillalsocreateaculturalhubinacentral,yetneglectedpartofthecity. It isexpectedthat these interventionswillboostthearea’sregenerationdynamic,creatingopportunitiesforprivateinitiativestotransformthese run-downneighbourhoodsofmetal- andwoodworkingworkshopsandstorehouses,intoazoneforentertainment,leisureandartists’studiosandshops,asaspatialandfunctionalcontinuationofthe"Pazari",thecity’scommercialdistrict.
ottoman bathsTheBathswerebuiltbyMehmetBeyEbubekir,theadministratorofPafos, in1592,andbecameanimportantsocialcentreforboththeTurkishandGreekCypriotinhabitantsofKtima.Theywereinoperation
untilthe1930’s,andhavesincebeenrestoredbytheMunicipalityandtheDepartmentofAntiquitiesandusedasasmallmuseumandexhibitionspace;itisastone-vaultedbuildingwiththreemainspaces:thereceptionarea,anintermediateareaandthemainbaths.
pafos castle, castle square and port TheiconiclandmarkofPafosstandsinthewesternpartofthetown’sport.OriginallybuiltbytheFrankishrulersinthemid-13thcenturyaspartofatwo-towercomplex,itwaslaterdestroyedbytheVenetiansandrestoredbytheOttomansinthelate16thcentury(1592),asstatedintheinscriptionabovetheCastleentrance.Ithassincebeenusedasaprison,amosqueandasaltstoragesilo(until1935),atwhichtimeitwasdeclaredanAncientMonument.ItisnowrestoredandprotectedbytheDepartmentofAntiquities,surroundedbyamoatandaSquarewhichisusedforconcertsandperformances.ItisherethatthePafosAphroditeFestivalCyprusholdsitsannualevents,withPafos’MedievalCastleanunrivalledbackground.
pafos district Archaeological museum ItislocatedinthecentreofAnoPafosandholdsarichcollectionofarchaeologicalobjectsfromexcavationsat thePafos district area, representing all theprehistoricandhistoricperiods.Itwasfoundedin1964,afterCyprus’independence,inordertosheltertheobjectsthatuntilthenwerekeptinthebuildingoftheOttomanBaths.In1989anewexhibitiongallerywasaddedtothewestwingofthebuilding.
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TheMunicipalityofPafoshasbeenmakingpersistenteffortstobuildanew,contemporaryArchaeologicalMuseumclosertothesitesofKatoPafossoastocompleteamorecoherentnarrative,andtohaveup-to-datespacesforculturalandeducationalevents.
pafiako stadium ItisthelargeststadiuminPafos,inauguratedin1985,withacapacityof11.000people.ThehomestadiumofAEPPafosF.C.,thecity’sfootballteam,homeofthe"Koroivos"AthleticClub(1896),membercluboftheAmateurAthleticAssociationofCyprus,andoftheNationalRugbyTeamofCyprus,itisamulti-usestadium,withafull-sizerunningtrack,afootballandrugbyfield,andisusedasanathleticandmusicvenuethroughouttheyear.
"palia ilektriki" cultural centre (old powerhouse)EstablishedintherenovatedbuildingoftheOldPowerhouse, inconjunctionwiththeMunicipalGallery,thisprovidesacontemporaryandfunctional
sitethatsupportsandgeneratesvariousculturaleventsforthecity(indoorandoutdoorexhibitions,workshops,seminars,discussions,recitalsandsmallconcerts,literaturereadings).Althoughrelativelynew,ithasgrownintoareferencepointforthevariousartisticforcesofthecityaswellasitsprofessionalgroupsandtherestoftheresidents,alsoowingtoitswalledgarden,awelcomingoasisinthemiddleofthecityhustleandbustle,whichaccommodatessculpturalevents,artisticperformancesandparties.
pafos municipal libraryThePafosMunicipalLibrary,completedin1946withthesupportofboththeGreekandtheTurkishCypriotcommunities,isawell-proportionedneoclassicalbuildingwhichformsacoherentcivicgrouptogetherwiththeTownHallandthehistoriccomplexofschoolsacrossthestreet.Itsscheduledrenovationwillmakeittheperfectsiteforbookandprintexhibitions,literarymeetingsandseminars.
pafos municipal gardenInthelastdecade,thisgarden,onceoneofthemostimportanthistoricaloutdoorlandmarksandoneofthefewgreenspacesinthecity,hasfallenintogreatmisuse.Onrareoccasionsit isusedforreligiouscelebrationsandfeastdaysbythevariousethnicgroupsresidinginthecity.TheMunicipalGardenisindireneedofregainingitsculturalstatus,itslocationintheheartofoldAnoPafosadministrativecentre, itsadjacencytotheTownHall,theMunicipalLibrary,theoldestmen’sclub/kafeneioinPafos,thefirstschoolcomplexesofthecityandbeingsurroundedbymanyhistoricurbanbuildingscurrentlyusedascafes,restaurants, headquarters of governmental andnon-profitprivateorganizationsandinstitutions,cangreatlyfacilitateitsrejuvenationandre-use.TheGardenisincludedintheregenerationprogrammeofthecityofPafosasexplainedintheproposedinfrastructuresectionfurtherdowninthisdocument.
pafos youth information centre and multi-functional youth clubTheCentreissituatedalongthewesternborderoftheIliaandAvgoustaMaliotiPark.Itsmultipurposeprogrammeincludesclassroomsandseminarrooms,exhibitionspaces,anauditoriumwithafloor-seatingcapacityof80,andarooftopcafeteria.TheYouthBoardofCyprusorganizesdance,music,theatreandfineartsworkshops,fitnessclassesandITtutoring.
private partners and VenuesItisimportantthatalltheforcesofthecity,betheypublicorprivate,participate inthemakingofaEuropeanCapitalofCulture.Therearenumerousinstitutionsinthecitythatwillbehappytohostandorganizeculturaleventswithintheframeworkofthisuniqueopportunity:
•neapolis university pafos.This is the latestinstitutiontoberegisteredasaUniversityinCyprus,havingreceivedtheCyprusMinistryofEducationandCulture’sapprovalinDecember2007,andthefirst-everuniversity in the regionofPafos. TheNeapolisUniversity’s School of Architecture, Land andEnvironmentalSciencesworkscloselywiththeCityofPafosonissuesofnatureprotection,sustainability,urbaninterventionsandregeneration,andaspirestobecomeoneoftheleadingforaforresearchand
innovationonenvironmentalandculturalsubjects.Itsfacilities includegardens, anauditoriumandamulti-purposehall,aswellasanarchitecturestudio.ItcanalsoaccommodateArts,Architecture,Film,Environmental, IdeasandResearchWorkshops,seminarsandconferences.
•pafos international Airport. Formanypeople,theentrypointintoPafos,and,consequently,thesiteoftheirfirstencounterwiththeculturalactivitiesofthecity.Itofferslargeindoorandoutdoorspacesforvisualartsexhibitionsandinstallations.
•Hotels, restaurants and cafés. Dependingonthesizeofthevenue,eventsofvariousscaleswilltakeplace all around the area of Pafos, from largeconferences and culinary tastings to smallerexhibitions,lecturesandfoodfestivals,bothindoorsandoutdoors.
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GEROSKIPOUTheMunicipalityofGeroskipouliestothenorth-eastofPafos,adjacenttothecity.Themaintownisbuiltuponalowhilloverlookingthesea,withmorerecentdevelopmentreachingallthewaydowntothebeach.Itsnamederivesfrom"IerosKipos"(HolyGardens),connectingtheareawiththecultofAphroditeinnearbyPalaipafos.
Agia paraskevi church and square TheAgiaParaskevifive-domedbasilicaisoneofthemostsignificantchurchesontheislandanddatesbacktothe9thcenturyADItstandsinthecentreofthetown,surroundedbythemainsquarewhichhasrecentlybeenrevampedandusedforvariouspublicevents,butalsobyallresidentsforcasualstrollsandmeetings.
farmland of germanina ThisexpansivetractoflandinsouthernGeroskipou,closetothesea,belongedtoaGermanfamilywhichranacottonplantationinthe1930’s.ItiscurrentlyundertheadministrationoftheMuncipality,whichisholdinganinternationalarchitecturalcompetitionforitsrehabilitationasamulti-usecentreforculturalevents.Thecompetitionisscheduledtoconcludein2012, tobefollowedbytheconstructionof thewinningproject.PartsoftheexpansewillaccommodatethebranchfacilitiesoftheScienceandTechnologyinArchaeologyResearchCentre(STARC).
folk Art museumTheFolkArtMuseuminGeroskipoubelongstotheDepartmentofAntiquitiesofCyprusandishousedinatraditional18thCenturybuilding,knownasthe"HouseofHadjismith".OriginallyownedbyAndreasZympoulakis,theBritishConsularAgentforwesternCyprus,itwaspartofalargercomplexofbuildings.IthasbeenlistedasanAncientMonumentandhasbeenrestoredbytheDepartmentofAntiquities.ItbecameaFolkArtMuseumin1978anditishometoanexten-sivecollectionofexhibitsfromalloverCyprusthatrepresentthedailylifeandthewideexpressiverangeofCypriotfolkartandactivitiesofthe19thandearly20thcenturies.
geroskipou municipal theatreThenewMunicipalTheatre,withacapacityof250-300
seats,isplannedtobebuiltonthesiteofthehistoricFirtsPrimarySchool,closetothecitycentreanditsmainsquare.Itwillbesupplementedbya200-spaceundergroundparkingfacility.
silk factory (kEn)WithintheboundariesoftheformerArmyBarracksinGeroskipoustandsCyprus’oldestSilk-WeavingFactory(Metaxourgeion)which,afterthefactory’sclosing,accommodatedtheArmytrainingcentre(K.E.N.)ofPafosandnowstandsempty.TheArmyBarracksincludeotherbuildingsofhistoricalvaluesuchasthehospital/sanatorium,aswellasextensiveopenspaces.Itisproposedthatthefactory,oneoftheisland’sfewspecimensofindustrialheritage,berestoredandusedasanexhibitionspace,withtheremainingbuildings,incombinationwithnewadditionsandthealready-existingopenspaces,tobeusedforculturalpurposes.
sports Hubs and linksTheDistrictofPafos,throughcollaborationsbetweentheMunicipalities of Pafos andGeroskipou, isextendingthevehicularnetworkstothesoutheasterncoastalareasandcreatingamuch-desiredcoastalvehicularlinktothePafosAirport.Thisprojectisessentialtotherevitalizationoftheareainthesensethatitunifiesprimaryoutdoorsportsfacilitiessuchasthe GeroskipouMunicipal Sports Centre, theWaterpark,Go-CartsandPaintballingCentrewiththeGeroskipouBeachSportsCentre.Pedestrianlinks,cyclingroutesandrestingpointswillbemarkedoutalongthelandscapedroadstofacilitatesafepedestrianflowtoandfromtheaforementionedvenues.The
trafficrouteswillbeusedasshowcaseareastoinformvisitorsofthevariousongoingandfutureeventsscheduledateachfacility,andevenexhibitathletic-themedoutdoorartworkandinstallations.
PEGEIAThetownofPegeiaissituatedintheareaofAkamantida,whichwasinhabitedforthefirsttimeduringtheChalcolithicperiod,around4.000BCHere,intheMaaregion,waswherethefirstAchaeanslandedandestablishedoneoftheirfirstcolonies,settingofftheHellenizationofCyprus.AsmallcityinAgiosGeorgios,oppositeGeronisos,theholyislandofthegodApollo,servedasaportduringByzantinetimes.TheoriginalvillageofPegeiawasestablishedintheVenetianperiod,onamountainslopeoverlookingthesea,aroundthespringsknowntodayas"VrisitonPegiotisson"(The
FountainofthewomenofPegeia).Apartfromathrivingtouristindustry,theregionofPegeiahasdevelopedlivestockbreedingandthelargestbananaplantationareaontheisland.
E4 European footpathAspartoftheprogrammeforthedevelopmentofsightseeing,theareaofPegeiaistraversedbytheEuropeanFootpathE4,whichrunsthroughthePikniForestandtheAvakasGorgeinAkamas,andwhichisdottedwithinformationsignsonthearea’srichwildlife.
municipal stadiumTheMunicipalStadiumwasbuiltbetween2001and2002,withacapacityof3.400spectators.Itincludesacircuittrack,agymnasium,aboxingroom,adancing
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area,aminifootballandalargecar-park.ItishometothelocalfootballteamA.P.O.P.-Kinyras,butisalsousedbyforeignteamsandsportsacademies.
pafos bird and Animal parkItistheonlysuchfacilityinCyprus,andalthoughitiscalledapark,itresemblesasmallzoo,withalargenumberofendemicandnon-endemicspeciesofanimal.Thereisalsoa350-seatamphitheatre,aswellasashopandcafeteria.
pegeia municipal parkPegeia’sMunicipalParkwasopenedin2010,andincludesasmallartificiallake,aflowergarden,asmallassemblyspace,achildren’splayarea,acafeteriaandshop,andtheBotanicalGardens,wherethearea’straditionalproductsarecultivated-olives,carobs,grapes,bananasandherbs.Theshopsellsproductsproducedonsite,aswellastraditionalfoodandsweetsfromtheCypriotandMediterraneannature.
POLISCHRYSOCHOUSLocatedontheless-frequentednortherncoastline,PolisChrysochousboastsoneofthemostbeautifullandscapesoftheisland,closetothesea,themountainsandtheAkamasnaturalreserve.PolisisthecentreofaregionthatincludesthefishingvillagesofLatsiandPomos, thepicturesquevillageson theTroodosfoothills,andthecharmingcommunities inthewildernessoftheAkamashills.
local museum of marion-ArsinoiTheMuseumstoresanddisplaysarchaeologicalfindsfromtheancientcityofMarion-Arsinoi,itsnecropolisand thesurroundingarea,exhibiting thearea’s
historicaldevelopmentfromNeolithictimestotheMedievalera.
polis cultural centreItisacontemporarybuilding,inauguratedin2001,withatheatrestageandaseatingareawitha400-seatcapacity and a large space for exhibitions andreceptions.
PAFOSDISTRICTAkamasTheAkamasPeninsulaisaprotectednaturalreservethankstoitsuniquefloraandfaunaanditsdistinctivegeologicalfeatures.LikemostareasinPafos,itsbeautymadeitoneofAphrodite’sfavouriteplaces;itisherethatherloveforAdonisflourished,andduringtheMiddleAgesthisancientGreekmythwasreshapedintothelovestorybetweenthemythicalheroDigenisAkritasandRigaina,theQueenofCyprus.Theareacanbenavigatedbycar,anditiscrossedbymanynaturetrails,whichcanbeexploredbybicycleoronfoot.
Art Αteliers and galleriesNumerousartists,ofbothCypriotandforeignorigin,haveestablishedtheirhomes,ateliersandgalleryspacesinthePafosDistrict;foryearsnow,theycreateandexhibit theirworkdiligentlyandendlessly,providingPafoswithawiderangeofworldartsandcrafts.Oftenthroughouttheyear,theartistsgettogetheranddisplaytheircreationsduringArtsandCraftsFestivalsatvariouscommunitiesandcitycentresofthePafosDistrict.Manyvisitorsorganizelongtripstovisitandbuytheseuniqueartisticwaresandalsoenjoythebreathtakingnaturallandscapesandgraphicvillagestheseartistshavechosentocall"home."
byzantine museum of bishopric of Arsinoi in peristeronaTheMuseumwascompletedin2000andhasthemissiontopreserve,study,promoteandeducatethepublicontheisland’sByzantinereligiousheritage.ItsmaincollectioncomprisesByzantineandpost-Byzantineiconsfromthe13thtothe19thcenturies,templi(screens)andminiaturewoodcarvings,silver-andmetalwork,liturgicalgarments,manuscriptsandprints.
community youth clubs and cultural centresTheYouthBoardofCyprushasestablishedcommunityyouthclubsandculturalcentresin10villagesofthePafosDistrict:inAgiaMarina,Armou,Drousia,Giolou,Ineia,Kathikas,Koili,Konia,Kouklia,Mandria,NeoChorio,Panagia,Pegeia,Peristerona,Polemi,Salamiou,Simou,Stroumpi,andTsada.Theclubsandculturalcentres includeclassroomsandseminar rooms,exhibitionspaces,andsmallauditoriumandtheatrespaces,indoorandoutdoorcafeterias,playroomsandplaygrounds.TheYouthBoardofCyprusorganizesdance,music,theatreandfineartsworkshops,fitnessclasses,ITtutoringaswellasotherworkshopsfortheacquisitionanddevelopmentofnewskillsforchildrenandyoungpeople.ThecommunityyouthclubsareparticularlyactiveintheruralareaofPafos,andhavebecomethelifebloodoftheirotherwisedwindlingvillagecommunities.
cyprus college of ArtAprivateinitiative,itwasestablishedin1969inFamagusta(Ammochostos)byCypriotpainterStassParaskos,whomovedtoKatoPafosafter1974andrelocatedtothevillageofLempain1985.Itishousedintheformerschoolbuilding,whichisnowusedasartists’studios.IthassinceobtainedpremisesinLimassoland,morerecently,Larnaka.TheCollegeoffers courses in FineArts andworkshops forinternationalartists.TheLempasiteconcentratesonpostgraduateprogrammes,whiletheCyprusSummerStudioprogrammeinvitesmainlyBritishandIrishartstudentstoCyprus.FollowingtheestablishmentoftheCollege,anumberofotherartistshavemovedintothevillagewhichhassincebecomeaninternationally-knownartists’colony.
museum of folk-Art and basket-Weaving in ineiaThevillageofIneiaintheDistrictofPafoshasalonghistoryinbasketweaving.TheMuseumofBasket-Weaving displays this tradition through tools,techniques,itemsforeverydayandexceptionaluses.
museum of Weaving and folk Art in fytiFytivillagehasalongtraditioninweaving,andhasspunitsowndecoratedtextileswithgeometricalpatterns,knownas"Fythkiotika",sinceMedievaltimes.TheMuseumitselfwasbuiltin1947,andhousesacollectionoftraditionalclothing,farmingimplements
anddonkeyequipment. Itsmainexhibit is thetraditionalweaving display, including a fullyoperationalspinningwheelor‘anemi’.
schools’ multi-functional centres and sports HallsInrecentyears,theMinistryofEducationandCulturehasinitiatedmajorrenovationandnewconstructionschemesforoldandnewschoolcomplexesinurbancentresandruralcommunitiesinordertoaccommodatethegrowingpopulationofPafosDistrict.Theseindoorandoutdoorspaces,spreadalloverthedistrictandbest-knowntochildren,youngpeopleandparents,areincludedintheinfrastructureandfacilitiesoftheECoC2017programmeasvenuesformajorculturalevents.
the cyprus Environmental studies centre TheCyprusEnvironmentalStudiesCentre(ESC)islocatedinarestoredprimaryschoolinthevillageofKritouTerra,whichisontheLaonaplateauattheedgeoftheAkamasPeninsula.TheESCrepresentsthemaineducationalactivityofTerraCypria,aregisteredcharity concernedwith raising environmentalawarenessthroughoutthesocietyofCyprus.TheCyprusESCisthefirstcentreforpracticalenvironmentaleducationor"fieldstudies"ontheislandofCyprus.Groupsofstudentsofallages,fromschoolsanduniversitiesas farapartastheMiddleEastandWesternEurope,aswellasfromwithinCyprus,cometostudyecology,geography, tourismandotherenvironmentalsubjectsappropriateto thearea,followingprogrammesfromonetotendaysinlength.Visitinggroups canparticipate in anumber ofactivities,rangingfrompracticalconservationworktohikingexpeditionsandtrainingtopureenvironmentaleducation(includingcoursesforadultsandfamilies).Courseprogrammesaredesignedtomeettheneedsofindividualgroups,basedalwaysontheprinciplethatthereisnobetterclassroomtolearnaboutnatureandthelandscapethanthecountrysideitself.
Vestry at the monastery of chrysorroiatissa TheMonasteryislocatednearthevillageofPanagia,ontheTroodosmountains.ThevestryoftheMonastery,openedtothepublicin2001withfundsfromtheA.G.LeventisFoundation,comprisesararecollectionoficons,vestments,metal-andsilverwork,antiquebooksandcodes.
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ARCHAEOLOGICALSITESTheareasofNeaPafosandKouklia(Palaipafos)werethefirstCypriotlistingsintheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteCataloguein1980,andthisfortwokeyreasons:
•theroleoftheareaintheworshipofthegoddessAphrodite,and•therolethatCyprus,andPafos,inparticular,playedinthespreadofChristianityandthepassageoftheApostlePaulthroughtheregion.
Amongotherreasons,however,weretheamazingRomanmosaicsandvillasexcavatedinKatoPafos,theHellenistic"TombsoftheKings"andtheBasilicaofChrysopolitissa.TheentireDistrictofPafosisoneoftheisland’srichestareasinremnantsofCyprus’longandexcitinghistory.
pAfosnea pafosNeaPafos,locatedonasmalloutcropinthemiddleoftoday’sKatoPafos,wasfoundedattheendofthe4thcenturybyNikokles,thelastkingofPalaipafos.DuringthePtolemaicera,NeaPafoswastheadministrativecentreoftheisland,andlaterbecameitspoliticalandeconomiccapital,afunctionithelduntilearlyRomantimes.ItslaterdeclinewasduetotheArabraids,andthesettlementwasfinallyabandonedintheVenetianperiod,whenitsresidentsmovedfurtherinlandtoKtima(today’sAnoPafos).Systematicexcavationshaverevealedprivatehousesandwealthymansionswithexquisitemosaics, administrative and religiousbuildings,the2ndcenturyADcomplexoftheAgora,theAsklepieionandtheOdeon,andaTheatredatingbacktothecity’sveryfoundation.TheBasilicaofChrysopo-litissawasbuiltinthe4thcenturyADandisoneofthelargestbasilicasontheisland.Onitssite,onecanstillseethebasilica’sfoundations,thefoundationsofthe11thcenturyByzantinechurchthatreplacedit,andthe
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16thcenturyByzantinechurchthatstandstheretoday,aswellastheruinsofa14thcenturyGothicchurch.TothesouthoftheAgora,closertoport,lietheremnantsofthe7thcenturyByzantinecastleknownas‘SarantaKolones’(‘FortyColumns’),thankstothelargenumberofgranitecolumnsthathavebeenpreserved.ClosetotheeastwallslietheFrankishBaths,builtattheendofthe14thandthebeginningofthe15thcenturyandconsistingofacentralroomwithsidelongextensions,amongthefewFrankishpublicbuildingstosurviveinPafos.
tombs of the kings ThisamazingnecropolisislocatedjustoutsidethewallsofPafos,anddatesfromthe4thcenturyBCItwasestablishedfortheneedsofthenewlyfoundedsettlementofNeaPafos.Itisnotaroyalburialground,butthesitewheredistinguishedfamiliesandofficialswereburied.Mostofthetombsarecarvedintothenaturalrock,dugintothewallsofporticoessurroundinganatrium.TheirarchitectureisrelatedtotheprototypesofAlexandria,Delos,PergamonandPriene.
lempa Experimental VillageThevillageofLempaisconsideredoneofthemostancientinCyprus,asitisbelievedthatitwasfirstsettledintheChalcolithicPeriod(c.3800–2500BC);anumberofcruciformfemalestonefigurinesfromthisperiodhavebeenfoundthere(themostfamousofwhichisthe"LadyofLempa"),aswellascircularstone-and-adobebuildings.Thearchaeologicalprojectknownas"LempaExperimentalVillage"wasestablishedin1982,withthescopeofrecreatingaChalcolithicvillageandusingittostudyactivitiessuchasbuilding,pyrotechnology,potteryandcooking.Anumberofhutsmodelledafterthefindingshavebeenbuiltandarenowthesite’smainattraction.
koukliAWithinthelimitsofthemodernvillageofKouklialiestheancienttownofPalaipafos,whichislinkedtotheancientcultofthe"GreatGoddess",thegoddessoffertility,worshippedinCyprussincetheNeolithicperiod.UntiltheendoftheClassicalPeriod,PalaipafosremainedthelargestruralandreligiouscentreofwesternCyprus,withthesanctuaryofAphrodite’simportancediminishingonlyinthe4thcenturyADwiththespreadofChristianity.
palaipafos TheSanctuaryofAphroditeisconnectedtothebirthofthegoddessinPafos.Itwasoneofthemostimportantsanctuariesoftheancientworld,withpilgrimsflockingtoworshipthegoddessandparticipateinitsfestivals.TherearetracesofbuildingsfromtheLateBronzeAgetothebeginningofthe2ndcenturyADCemeteries,wallfortifications,a6thcenturyBCPersianmansionand the roman "House of Leda" have also beenexcavated.ThecruciformChurchofPanagiaKatholikiandtheLusignanManorHousedatefromthe13thcenturyAD.DuringtheMedievalera,theareawasknownforitssugar-caneplantationsandmillsofwhichsometracesarepreservedclosetothecoastatStavros.
local museum of palaipafos in koukliaTheLusignanMedievalManorHouse’seasternwing,builtduringtheOttomanperiod,hasbeentransformedintoamuseumexhibitingfindsdatingfromancientPalaepaphostothearea’smedievalpast.TheseincludethecultidolofAphroditeandaRomanmosaicofLedaandtheSwan,aswellasacolouredsarcophagusfromthearea’scemeteries.TheManor’sCourtyardissometimesusedforoutdoorexhibitionsandperformances.
PEGEIAAgios georgios, pegeiaTheexcavationsheldinthisarearevealedasettlementthatflourishedinthe6thcenturyADasaportofcallforshipstransportinggrainfromEgypttoConstantinople,andbecameawell-knownpilgrimagesiteintheEasternMediterraneanduringthelate13thandearly14th century.Remnantsofhouses,undergroundcisternsandthreebasilicashavebeenfound,alongwithanecropolis.
maa-palaiokastroTothenorthofthecityofPafos,locatedonasmallpeninsula,isthesiteofMaa-Palaiokastro,relatedtothesettlementofAegeanrefugeesinCyprusandtheisland’sHellenizationaround1200BCfortificationwalls,housesandpublicbuildingsfromtheLateBronzeAgesettlementhavebeenexcavated,aswellasanevenearliersettlementfromtheEarlyChalcolithicperiod.Asmallmuseum,financedbytheA.G.LeventisFoundation,hasbeenoperatingonthesitesince1996.
Anumberofon-goingexcavations,undertakenbytheUniversityofCyprusandvariousforeignuniversitiesandinstitutions,aresheddingmoreandmorelightonthedistrict’srichpast:thepartlyunderwaterpre-NeolithicsiteofAsprosinAkamasandtheRoudias’siteintheTroodosMountains,theearlyNeolithicsitesofKritouMarottou-AisGiorkisandAkrotiri-AetokremnosatthefootofTroodosMountains,therareEarly-MiddleBronzeAgecoastalsettlementofKisson-erga-Skalia,thepilgrimagesitesonthe‘holyisland’ofGeronisosoppositePegeia(fromtheprehistorictotheByzantinetimes),aprehistoricfigurineworkshopinSouskiouandanowunderwateranchoragesitenearPalaipafos,thestillunrevealedpartsoftheancientRomancityofNeaPafosanditsMedievaldevelopment,RomanandearlierbuildingsinPolisChrysochous,theearlyChristianreligiouscomplexin‘AgioiPente’ofGeroskipouandthechurchofAgiosNikolaosattheGeorgianmonasteryinGialia.
PROPOSEDINFRASTRUCTUREAno pafos – urban regeneration AreasAlthoughrichintracesofhistory,andfastintermsofcontemporarygrowth,Pafoshasbeenslowtoreconcileitscurrentaspirationswithitspastgrandeur.Mostdevelopment efforts have concentrated on thewaterfrontofKatoPafos,thelocationofthemaintouristhauntsandarchaeologicalsites,neglectingAnoPafosthatrestsonthehilltops,whichiswheretheadministrative,commercialandculturalheartofthecitystillbeats.Initsefforttoenhanceurbancohesionandstimulategrowth,theCityofPafosintendstorejuvenate,withstrategicurbaninterventions,fourkeyareasinthecitycentre:
kennedy square and the Historic commercial centreThisarea,locatedintheheartofthecity,integratesthemaincommercialarea(the"Pazari")withwhatisgoingtobeanexpansivelandscapedsquare,adjacenttotheNikolaideionGymnasion(formerlyknownastheTurkishGymnasium)schoolcomplexandwiththeOldPowerhousebuilding(PaliaIlektriki),recentlyrestoredandoperatingasamunicipalculturalcentre.Theremovaloftheparkinglot,togetherwiththepedestrianizationofsurroundingstreets,willprovidethecitywithamuch-neededopen-airpublicspacethatcanhostoutdoorconcertsandperformances,exhibitionsandparties,festivalsandgames.ThePafosPoliceHeadquartersarehousedinamagnificentspecimenofCypriot-EnglishColonialarchitectureonKennedySquare.TheMunicipalityofPafosaimstorestorethebuildinginordertobeusedforculturalpurposes.
the complex of the town Hall, municipal garden, municipal library and schoolsComprisingthecity’smostdistinctivehistoricpublicbuildings,theremodellingofthisareaistoprovidePafoswithauniqueciviccentrethatwillshowcaseitsurbanandculturalspirit.Theremodellingprojectwillconnectthesebuildingswithpedestrianstreetsandlandscapedareas.Thecity’sintentionstoredesigntheMunicipalGardenasalandscapedpublicpark,abletohold outdoor events such asmusical or danceperformances,festivalsandathleticmeetings,are
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incorporatedinthisremodellingeffort,whichisalsoenhanced by the proposed renovation of theMunicipalLibrary,whereliteraryreadings,seminarsandbookexhibitionswillbeheld.Thebuildingthatcurrentlyhouses theTownHall,anexceptionalexampleofneoclassicalcivilarchitecturecompletedin1955,istoremainapublicbuildingwhentheTownHallrelocatestoitsnewstructure.ItisproposedthatitisconvertedtoaMuseumoftheCity,documentingtheurbanhistoryandthearchitectureofPafosanditssurroundingarea,whilebeingcapableofhostinghistorical exhibits , lectures and educationalprogrammes.ThisMuseumwillcomplementthearea’sothercultural institutions: theByzantineMuseumandtheEthnographicalMuseum,bothlocatedinthenearbyneighbourhoodofMousallas.
the municipal theatreThecityofPafosisingreatneedofadditionalandlargerindoorcontemporaryperformancespaces.TheMunicipalityhopestosecureasiteinAnoPafos,
oppositetheDistrictOfficer’sHouseandclosetotheArchaeologicalMuseum.Inthiscasetheconstructionworkscouldbeginsoonafter.ThenewTheatreandConcertHallwillbeavitalvenueforEuropean-stand-ard,large-scaleculturalevents,whichwouldenhanceexponentiallytheculturaldevelopmentofthecitizensofPafos,notonlyduringtheEuropeanCapitalofCultureyear,butmostimportantlystartingfromthepresent,throughtheyear2017,tothefuture.
the turkish cypriot quarter of mouttalosSpreadingoutwardsfromthemosque,thisisamostly-residentialneighbourhoodoftwo-storeyresidencesandnarrowstreetsthatpreservesthecharacterofapast,friendlierandmorerelaxedwayoflife.Albeitwithinafewminutes’walktothecitycentre,andcommandingbeautifulviewsofthesurroundingbeachesandsettlements,theareawasabandonedin1974andhasbeenleftoutofallurbanregenerationprojectssofar,mainlyowingtoitsparticularland-ownershipstatus(mostofthebuildingsandempty
lotsareownedbyTurkishCypriotswhohaverelocatedandleftthemvacant).There-integrationofthisspaceintothecity’slifethroughthecreationofsmalllandscapedsquares,playgroundsandinformalparkareasis,however,possible,andwillcreatearingofurbanoasesincloseproximitytothecitycorehostingopen-airathletic,culturalandleisureactivities,andinstigatingfurtherprivatere-developmentwithoutdestroyingitsintimatecharacter.Themosqueitselfwillberestoredandre-openedtothepublicasareminderofthelongmulti-culturalhistoryofPafos.
kato pafos - Waterfront and Archaeological promenade Thereis,however,anotherfacetoPafos;thatoftheleisurely,sunnyseafrontcity,fulloftouristfacilitiesandentertainmentoptions,wherethefunneverstops.KatoPafos,thesiteoftheoriginalsettlementwhichwasabandonedinthemiddleages,isnowtakenoverbylargehotelcomplexes,restaurantsandtouristshops.Theregenerationofthewaterfrontareahasprovidedthecitywithalinearpedestrianwalkwaythatlinksthearea’scommercialcentrewiththeboatharbourofAgiosGeorgios,thelarge-scalehotelsthatlinetheseafront,themunicipalbeachesandthemainsitesoftheArchaeologicalParkandtheTombsoftheKings.Thiswalkwayfeaturesaseriesofviewingplatforms,restandparkingareas,andisscheduledtocontinuebothnorth-andsouthward,bringingtogetherthevillageofChlorakastothenorthandthebeachesofGeroskipoutothesouth.Thislongspine,alreadyfullofpeopleandmovementthroughoutthedayandnight,willbehosttoaseriesofoutdoorevents,suchasconcertsattheMedievalCastle-wherethePafosAphroditeFestivalisheldeverysummer-circusandstreet performances all along its length, lightinstallationsandthemajorfestivalsoftheCarnivalandKataklysmos(WhitMonday).
the pafos pierWiththepossiblysoleexceptionofthewalkway,thecityhaslittlecontactwiththewaterfront;thehotelcomplexes,restaurantsandbarscreateanalmostcontinuoushighwallalongthewaterfront,barringviewsandlimitingaccesstothesea.TheproposedPafosPier,branchingoffthewalkwayandintothewater,willextendthewaterfrontintothesea.Asasymbolicgesture, itaimstobreaktheapparentboundariesandreconnectthecitywithitsseascape.
Asafunctionalspace,itwillbeapublicpromenadeoverthewater,withnichesforrestandfishing,leadingtoaplatformwithanopen-aircinema–idealforsummerfilmfestivals–andrefreshmentoptions.Asanarchitecturallandmark,itssuggestedpositionisattheextensionoftheSODAPBeachParkingLot,closetotheMunicipalSODAPBeach,clearlyvisiblefromPoseidonosAvenue,themainroadparalleltothewaterfront.ThefinaldesignwillbetheresultofaninternationalarchitecturalcompetitiontobeheldincelebrationofPafos’designationasEuropeanCapitalofCulture.
Archaeological promenade - linking Archaeological sites PafosArchaeologicalPark-TombsoftheKingssite-CatacombsofAgiaSolomoni-AncientTheatre-St.Paul’sColumn-ChrysopolitissaBasilica(AgiaKyriakiChurch)-TheFabrikahillaqueduct-Citywalls-Toumpallos;NeaPafos,sinceitsdeclarationasanUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,hasattractedagreatnumberofvisitorsthatdispersetoviewandadmirethevariousarchaeologicalsitesofthisarea.Yet,itseemsthatthereislittleawarenessthatthewholeareaofNeaPafos,oldandnew,isconsideredaunifiedarchaeologicalcity.Sofar,eachsiteisconsideredautonomous,andoffersminimalinformationandlinkstoothersites,whicheventhougharewithinwalking distance, haveno physical pedestrianconnectionbetweenthem.TheMunicipalityofPafosproposesthere-establishmentofthesebrokenlinksthroughthecreationofalandscapedpedestriannetworkthatencompassesthesearchaeologicalsites.The pedestrian routeswill bemarked by clearandeasy-to-readsignsandmaps,lightingfixtures,archaeology-themed art installations and eveninformationposters.Theaimistocreateleisurelyarchaeologicalwalks,undertheprotectionoftrees,withrestingpointsatlittlesquaresandparksandothersmallerarchaeologicalplaceswherethevisitor,localorforeign,canrest,partakeofsomerefreshment,andobservetherichnessofthehistoricallandscapeofNeaPafos.
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11. Fact Sheet
FACT SHEET
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cyprus population•Total:892.400•0,2%ofthetotalpopulationofthe27EuropeanUnioncountries•ThirdsmallestpopulationinEU•Populationincreasesince2008:0,8%•160-170.000non-documentedsettlersfromTurkey(notincludedintotalfigures)
•GreekCypriotcommunity672.800or75,4%•TurkishCypriotcommunity89.200or10,0%(intheareaunderTurkishoccupation,estimate)•Foreignresidents130.400or14,6%
children and older people in cyprus•Childrenunder15:around16,9%(25,4%in1992•25,0%in1982)•Persons65andover:13,0%(11,0%in1992•10,8%in1982)
pafos•District:1.393km²(approx.thesizeofRome)•Population:77.800•Urban:56.700(72,8%)•district:21.100(27,12%)•Foreignresidentsandmigrants:urban20.638(36,4%)•district7.363(34,9%)•Annualgrowthrate:2,5%•Childrenages0-14:urban11,186(16,6%) district3.630(5,4%)•Ages15-64:64,8%oftotalpopulation
tourism in pafos•Totaloftouristarrivalsp.a.:676,561•Topthreecountries:UnitedKingdom,Russia,Germany
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pAfos 2017 Working groupP.O.Box60032,8100Pafos•Tel.+35726555211•Fax+26555298•info@pafos2017.eu•www.pafos2017.eu
Edition profilE
ISBN 978 - 9963 - 574 - 83 - 4
Numberofcopies:300Copyright:MunicipalityofPafos
PublishedbytheMunicipalityofPafosCyprus-October2011
Steering Committee ThemisG.FilippidisYiannisAnthisStellaSiepi
Project ManagementPricewaterhouseCoopers:
AngelosM.LoizouPanagiotisMoiras
TextsNadjaGrizzoCleopatraKaraletsouEvanthiaDovaAngelikiSivitanidou SpyrosPisinos
Editing NadjaGrizzo
ThemisG.FilippidisKyriakiChristoforouAndreasIacovides
Photography DanijelaMicanovicAndreasConstantinouErgencMehmetFotolarko(aerialphotopage61)
Design and Art DirectionPartnersY&R:
SocratesSocratousChristinaPandjarou
Printed byLaserGraphics
Artistic DirectorSpyrosPisinos
Urban Development and EnvironmentNeapolisUniversityPafos:
CleopatraKaraletsou EvanthiaDova AngelikiSivitanidou
Marketing and CommunicationPartnersY&R:TasiaYiannara-YiallouridouEliasAntoniadesKyriakiChristoforou
ConsultantsAcultos,Essen
Administrative OfficerAntonisNeophytou
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