Peatland Rewetting for the climate, biodiversity and people · 2018. 7. 4. · Restoring peatlands...

transcript

Restoration of mire habitats in Boreal Region 24-26 September 2013

Soomaa (Vanaõue), Estonia

Peatland Rewetting

for the climate, biodiversity and people

Project examples from

European Russia and Belarus

Jan PetersPeatlands & Climate Change

Michael Succow Foundation, Greifswald (Germany)

Content of presentation

Introduction to Peatlandcommitment of MSF

Status and threats of peatlands in Russia

Large-scale rewetting project in European Russia

Peatland rewetting and sustainable utilisation of biomass in Belarus

Conclusions

The Michael Succow Foundation (MSF)

Founded 1999 by Prof. Michael Succow-

As first environmental foundation in new federal states of Germany

Operational foundation on the national and international level

Main fields of work:•

Peatland conservation and restoration

Protected area management in transitional countries

Education & Research

www.succow-stiftung.de

Peatland rewetting and conservation projects of MSF

Competence center for conservation and sustainable use of peatlands in Greifswald, Germany

International expertise and partnership for peatlands

Protected area managment and peatland restoration in NE-

Germany

Adapted land use (Paludiculture)

Peatland Conservation through International Climate Policy Mechanisms

Hotspots of emissions from drained peatlands

(Source: Hooijer et al. (2006): PeatCO2 project report)

Belarus11%

Finland3%

Germany14%

Russia European

Sweden8%

Ukraine4%

Poland8%

Iceland2%

Ireland2%

Norway6%

Emissions from peatlands in Europe

“Restoring peatlands in Russia – for fire prevention and climate change mitigation” (2011-2015)

Initialised by MSF after devastating peat fires in 2010

Fire prevention through rewetting of abandoned areas

Reduction of GHG from decomposition of drained peat layers

Co-benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services

Russian – German technical cooperation (co-funded by Russian (implementation) and German government (planning, design, capacity development))

Restoring peatlands in Russia – for fire prevention and climate change mitigation

Main project components1. Inventory and prioritization in Moscow

Oblast2. Rewetting for fire risk reduction and GHG

emission avoidance3. Framework for monitoring and assessment

of GHG emissions and biodiversity 4. Technical and scientific capacity building5. Advocacy at national and international

platform6. Economic incentives for rewetting

InventoryRewetting

AssessmentCapacity building

AdvocacyEconomic incentives

InventoryRewetting

AssessmentCapacity building

AdvocacyEconomic incentives

ReductionRestorationMonitoringAccounting

Total area: 45 799 km2

Distance: W-E –

320 km, N-S –

305 km

Population: 7,048 mln.

Peatland inventory of Moscow Province:

5633 3086

Moscow Province: land use on drained, excavated, utilised and abandoned peatlands, ha

лесное хозяйство

сельское хозяйство

прочие организации, госземзапас

невозвращенные

используемые для противопожарных целейв постоянном пользовании

рыбное хозяйство

Forestry

Agriculture

Protected areas

Excavated

Industry, special issues

Utilized in different form

FisheriesTotal peatlands: 199 267 haUnder use: 101 671 haAbandoned: 60368 ha, partly abandoned: 12450 ha

Principles for rewetting•

Use domestic expertise for planning and design of project, revised by international experts

Capacity building with manuals, study trips and workshops

Principles for rewetting•

Use domestic expertise for planning and design of project, revised by international experts

Capacity building with manuals, study trips and workshops•

Clarify target for rewetting beforehand with stakeholders

Secure co-funding by regional administration or private investors to gain ownership and sustainability

Preferably utilisation of on-site materials (peat, wood, sand) for constructions

Avoid big constructions and additional infrastructure (sluices, pumping stations, roads, artificial water bodies etc.)

Introduce environmental education to inform public (at suitable sites)

Biodiversity

Fire risk reduction

Hydrologically optimal or minimal space

GHG reductionCarbon Credits

Peatland area available for rewetting

Overlapping space (can be 0)

Target for rewetting must be clear for each rewetting (sub-)project•

Guidance for Russia is given by Decision Support System for degraded peatlands

Decision Support System•

Different modules guide decision makers and planers through options for treatment

Each modules address ecological, climatic and economic benefits

Synergies and conflicts are discussed

Will be tested and improved in the project

Available at: www.succow- stiftung.de/brochures.html

2010 2011 2012 2013 TotalNumber of sites 9 34 21 14 78

Area, ha 4994 21497 31004 14609 72105

‘Rewetting’

of peatlands by Moscow Oblast

‘Rewetting’

of peatlands by Moscow Oblast

Rewetting of peatlands in RussiaExamples from Moscow, Tver and Vladimir Oblast

Current Project Activities

“Restoring Peatlands and applying Concepts for Sustainable Management in Belarus”

(2008-2011)

“Wet peatland management for the sustainable production of biomass-

based energy (wetland-energy)” (2010-2015)

Restoring Peatlands and applying Concepts for Sustainable Management in Belarus

Drained peatlands are used for agriculture (72%), forestry (25%) and peat extraction (3%)

Total: 17,202 ha

Guidelines prepared by project partner in preceding UNDP-

GEF project in Belarus

Used for rewetting design in ICI project

Paludiculture - Business opportunities for rewetted peatlands

Introduction to Paludiculture

Peatland conservation by sustainable land use

Preservation of the peat body

Reduction of GHG emissions

Production of renewable biomass

Maintainance of ecosystem services

Conservation of biodiversity

„palus“

lat.: swamp, marsh + „cultura“

lat.: care, cultivation

To sustain peatland rewetting and connect it to economic benefits paludiculture is introduced

Paludiculture -

Business opportunities for rewetted peatlands

C. Schröder

S. Wichmann

C. Schröder

W. Wichtmann

Sphagnum farming

S. Wichmann S. Wichmann

annS. Wichmann

A. Prager

Biomass as fuel for energy

L. Lachmann

T. Dahms

W. Wichtmann

GHG emission balance of land use types

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20

water table [cm]

Croplands, common grasslands

Low intensity pastureNature conservation grasslands

Reed canary grassAlder

Drainage based land use

PaludicultureCH4

ijer &

Reduction of >30 t/ha CO2 -eq!

Costs to remove this species from the list of globally threatened species: 330 mio $ –

without recurrent habitat management:

only 30 mio $ Source: Tanneberger 2008, BirdLife International 2012

Biodiversity benefits

Economic benefits by Carbon Credits

On the basis of CDM system, simplified standards with as principles:

Additionality: real reductions, additional to ‘business-as-usual’

Sustainability: contributing to local sustainability

Verifiability: by an independent third party •

Reliability: not selling twice (double accounting)

central registration

Principles for joining the voluntary markets

track to gain economic benefits: Carbon Credits

Standard methodology for Verified Carbon Standard(currently under review)

gives guidance for project document (PD) development

As measuring is complicated, expensive, time consuming…

Use vegetation as indicator for emissions! (quick, easy, cheap...)

Greenhouse Gas Emission Site Types (GESTs)

…the VCS methodology is based on a proxy:

Studies show that:- Emissions strongly related to water level - Vegetation strongly related to water level

Towards GESTs: Vegetation-forms

Integration of flora and environment-

Species groups presence/absence as indicator

Calibrated for NE Germany, Belarus and Russia (in prep.)

site factor gradient

species groups

site factor classessubunits 1

3 4 51 2

Conclusions

Goal setting together with stakeholders•

Think global, act local: Strengthen local expertise, locally adapted techniques and on-site materials

Invest in planning and design, not in hard construction•

Sustain rewetting by involvement of local administration and economic incentives (paludiculture, carbon credits)

Rewet: for peatlands, for people, for ever… ;-)

Thank you for your attention!

Jan Peters Michael Succow Foundation

Greifswald / Germany

jan.peters@succow-stiftung.dewww.succow-stiftung.de

Peatland Rewetting for the climate, biodiversity and people · 2018. 7. 4. · Restoring peatlands...

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