Post on 25-Dec-2015
transcript
Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013
Telecommunication System for Early Warning and Disaster Relief
Masao KojimaSenior Manager
Industry Standards DepartmentKDDI
ms-kojima@kddi.com
ITU Workshop on “Disaster Relief Systems, Network
Resiliency and Recovery”
(Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013)
Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 2
Photo of Natural Disaster
Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 3
Content(1/2)Need for Telecommunication Systems o f Early Warning & Disaster Relief
Early Warning & Disaster Relief System for Local residents in Japan (current)
Lead Time for Early Warning
Traditional and New System for Early Warning & Disaster Relief
Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems
Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their SystemsEffectiveness of Mobile System on KDDI’s experience March 11,2011
Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 4
Content(2/2)Flow Direction and Early Warning & Disaster Relief SystemsKDDI’s Mobile Systems for Early Warning & Disaster Relief
Earthquake Early Warning System
How to detect earthquake in advance
Emergency Rapid Mail
Disaster Message Board Service
Customer preference for real time voice
Disaster Voice Delivery Service
Disaster Relief by Guidance
Digital Signage for Disaster Relief
Conclusion
Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 5
Needs for Teleco Systems of Early Warning and Disaster Relief Disaster results in loss of human lives & displacement of millions of peopleCommunication system can play a great role in providing early warning & disaster relief Early warning before disaster is a key element for disaster prevention and reducing loss of human livesDisaster relief at or during disaster can make victims to capture the correct information on rescue parties, relief supplies and evacuation shelter.Disaster relief after disaster can make victims to capture the damage situation and safe confirmation. And also it can provide their friends and relatives with their individual situation. In addition, it can be effective for life sustainability
Early Warning & Disaster Relief Sys.for local residents in Japan (current)
New Areain Mobile
Traditional(Broadcast)
Traditional(Dedicated
Radio)
Traditional
Extraction from the paper” Utilization of ICT for Disaster Management Japan ” WS-DMC-22: Presentation material Mr.MORISHIT of MIC / APT Workshop on Disaster Management / Communications, October 2011
Information Gathering Transmission Announcement
New Areain Broadcast
New Areain Internet
Lead Time for Early Warning
Seconds for earthquakes
Minutes for tornadoes and tsunami
Days to hours for volcanic eruptions
Weeks to hours for hurricanes
Months to weeks for droughts
Years or even decades for slow-onset threats (such as El Nino, climate change, etc.)
Extraction from the paper” drnrr-i-0029-Early Warning Systems (EWS)” by Veronica F. Grasso, UNDP , the second FG-DR&NRR, September 2012
Traditional and New System for Early Warning & Disaster Relief
TV broadcasting
Radio broadcasting (FM &AM)
Priority use of fixed telephone for local government, evacuation shelters and other public entities
Disaster Prevention Administrative Radio System
New trend is system via mobile
Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems (1/2)
1. Information flow directionPublic agency to General public (potential victim)Public agency to Public agencyPublic agency to Individual (potential victim)Individual (victim) to Public AgencyIndividual (victim) to Individual, and visa versa
2. Type of physical system Radio, TV, mobile, amateur radio, digital signature etc
Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems (2/2)
3. Timing of information and possible applicationBefore disaster for preparedness and preventionAt or During disaster for rescue and evacuationAfter disaster for safe confirmation and life sustainability
Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their Systems (1/2)
Type of Early Warning & Disaster
Relief Systems
Early Warningbefore
Disaster
Disaster Relief-
at or during Disaster
Disaster relief-after
Disaster
Public agency to General public
TV broadcasting-Shared
○ ○ ○
Radio broadcasting-Shared
○ ○○
Digital signature (new) –Shared
○ ○ ○
Fixed radio communications-Dedicated
○ ○○
Public agency to Public agency
Fixed radio communication-Dedicated
○ ○○
Satellite fixed-Dedicated
○ ○ ○
Satellite Vehicle-Dedicated
- - ○
Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their Systems(2/2)
Public agency to Individual
Mobile broadcast (new)-Shared
○ ○ ○
Disaster Relief by Guidance (new)-Dedicated
-○ ○
Individual to Public Agency
Mobile-Phone-Shared - ○ ○Fixed-Phone-Shared - ○ ○Amateur Radio1) –Shared
- ○ ○
Individual to Individual
Mobile-Phone-Shared - ○ ○Fixed-Phone-Shared - ○ ○Disaster Message Board (new)-Dedicated
- -○
Disaster Voice Delivery (new)-Dedicated
- -○
Effectiveness of Mobile Systemon KDDI’s experience March 11, 2011
Many victims run off with mobile terminal
in hand after a disaster (e.g. Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, March 11, 2011) Higher mobile penetration ratio than fixed telephoneDisaster warning also provided by conventional broadcasting services such as TV and RadioTV & Radio to provide an information to general public but not to individual Mobile to provide information not only to general public but also individual
Flow Direction and Early Warning & Disaster Relief Sys
Early Warning for general public (To warn of a coming potential disaster)Disaster Relief for general public (To notify latest support situation after disaster)Disaster Relief for individual (To notify damage situation from victims to their friends and family members Disaster Relief by guidance (To guide each victim a route to evacuation shelters and to his home )
1.Early Warning(Earthquake)
2.Disaster Relief
for public
3.Disaster Relief
for individual (Text message board)
4.Disaster Relief
by guidance(Graphical guidance)
KDDI’s Mobile Systems for Early Warning & Disaster Relief
1.Early Warning(Earthquake, Tsunami )
2.Disaster Relief for public (Disaster / Evacuation)
3.Disaster Relief for individual (Text & Audio message board)
4.Disaster Relief by guidance(Graphical guidance)
Additional request based on the experience of March 11, 2011
Before March 11, 2011 After April 1& June 4, 2012
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Earthquake Early Warning System What is the earthquake early warning system? (Started from Mar. 2008 )
Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) originated at Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is broadcasted to au mobile phones in areas around the seismic center, free from congestion.
An alert with a dedicated alarm tone, vibration, and display on a mobile phone screen.Only when a maximum Seismic Intensity” Scale 5” lower or more is estimated, the EEW is
broadcasted to the areas where a Scale 4 or more is foreseen.
Sense‘P’ wave
JMAKDDI
network
Analyze P waveTransmit EEW
DispatchEEW message
Broadcast EEW
in areas around seismic center
au mobile phone
(alarm tone, vibration)
★ Penetration of au mobile phone applicable to EEW 26.8 million amongst 33.9 mil. (79%) (as of Oct. 2011)
〔 Actual screen of iPhone-5 〕
How did EEW work on the Mar. 11 disaster? Effective to notify people of the earthquake Not useful to notify people of the tsunami, however
Currently, KDDI supports the tsunami warning.(2012.3.30~)
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How to detect earthquake in advance
Detect‘P’ wave
JMA
Analyze P waveTransmit EEW
〔 Actual screen 〕
Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) in Japan: When two or more Seism om eters detect P-waves, the JMA immediately analyzes the readings and distributes the warning information to advanced users, such as TV/Radio broadcaster and mobile phone operators, before the arrival of S-waves
Broadcast EEW
in areas around seismic center
Seismo-meters
1) P-wave: non-destructive, 6 ~ 7km/sec
2) S-wave: destructive, 3 ~ 4km/sec
P-wave Seismomenters for P-wave www.meisei.co.jp/english/news/topics/meiseitopics_vol_45.pdf
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Emergency Rapid Mail (since 2012 )
!
Three function: ① Earthquake Warning, ②Tsunami Warning 、③ Disaster/Evacuation Info ・ Simultaneous Transmission, like broadcasting ・ Transmission only within affected regions
<Core technology> ① 3PP: ETWS ( Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System ) ② 3GPP2: Broadcast SMS
Nation ・ Municipalities(Publishing Disaster/
Evacuation Information)
MessagesTransmission
Process
Transmission Only Within the Related Regions
※Not Transmitting to Other Regions
○○CityDisaster/
Evacuation Information
Simultaneous
Transmission
△△City
Disaster
Tsunami
JMA
TsunamiWarning
earthquake
EarthquakeWarning
BroadcastingEarly Warning
Disaster Relief
I can not come home ・・I want to contact my family ・・
It is hard to telephone to my home
「 notification mail 」 sending
Disaster MSG Board
~ register ~[Condition]
□ I am safe□ I am not safe 。□ I am at home□I am at the evacuation center.□ See the comments
OK
Disaster Message
Board system
Confirm the safety
Even through other mobile phone networks or Internet, you can access to the Disaster
Message board !Access
to ・・・ http://dengon.ezweb.ne.jp/
Even through other mobile phone networks or Internet, you can access to the Disaster
Message board !Access
to ・・・ http://dengon.ezweb.ne.jp/
Confirm the safety at receiving [notification mail]
To register the safety on “Disaster Message Board”
Try to register on “Disaster
Message Board”
I am relieved to hear he is
safe.
Good !We are
relieved!
Disaster Message Board Service(1/2)
Disaster Message Board Service(2/2) Requirements
1 ) Items for Registration □ I am safe □ I am not safe □ I am at home □ I am at the evacuation center □ others
2) Terminal for registration ・ Mobile phone terminal with a telephone number (Rec. E.164) ・ Fixed telephone terminal with a telephone number (Rec. E.164)
3) Deletion to delete a safe or relief information only through the terminal for registration
4) Language ・ Mother language ・ English ・ Other language (Option)
Just after disaster, victims tried to make voice calls to their relatives and friends for confirmation
of safety. (First preference was real time voice)
⇒ After voice traffic was congested & controlled, customers may change their intention from voice call to messaging service. (Peaked at 15 minutes passed)
⇒ Then the user of “ Message board” had increased . ( Peaked at 2 hours passed)
Just after disaster, victims tried to make voice calls to their relatives and friends for confirmation
of safety. (First preference was real time voice)
⇒ After voice traffic was congested & controlled, customers may change their intention from voice call to messaging service. (Peaked at 15 minutes passed)
⇒ Then the user of “ Message board” had increased . ( Peaked at 2 hours passed)
Customer preference for real time voice
outbreak
Voice Call
messageDisaster Message Board
15 mins passed
Peaked at 2 hour passed
Disaster Voice delivery Service 、 Skype au
Time History
< Transition of customer demand request>
Real time voice was hard to reach.But voice message is still preferred.
It is necessary to enhance this kind of service and to inform it to public
Tickers, bannerReal time voice was preferred but was hard to reach.
Message svc is second choice.
After a disaster, Disaster Voice Delivery Service is provided. The voice is packetized and to be stored & forwarded in Packet Network. This service has been launched since June 4, 2012
After a disaster, Disaster Voice Delivery Service is provided. The voice is packetized and to be stored & forwarded in Packet Network. This service has been launched since June 4, 2012
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I will inform my wife of my safety by voice.Let’s try to use “Disaster Voice Delivery Service”
・ Voice is stored in Smart Phone. ・ The Voice is transferred in Packet NW
Voice delivery Server
I am relieved to hear “he is safe”.
VoiceFile
VoiceFile
Packet Network
Disaster Voice Delivery Service(1/2)
VoiceFile
VoiceFile
Disaster Voice Delivery Service(2/2) Requirements
1) Registering the called number of victim’s relatives and friends ・ to register a single called number registered at a terminal ・ to register multi called number registered at a terminal
2) Recording a voice ・ to record and to packetize a voice at a terminal
3) Sending a voice ・ to send a packetized voice to a terminal with called number registered
4) Receiving and reproducing a voice ・ to receive and to reproduce a packetized voice at a receiving terminal
5) Type of terminal ・ Smart-Phones (interoperable for each other)
6) Method of packetized and de-packetized voice ・ TBD
"Mobile evacuation tool supporting you safety"(1) Enabled for self positioning
(4) Still operate even if Mobile Phone radio signal is cut off
Evacuation shelter mapEvacuation shelter map
(2) Anti-disaster goods purchasable from sites
Get locations displayed, targeting wide-area evacuation shelters, railroads, main roads, administrative offices, railway stations, and emergency hospitals.
(3) Accessible to Disaster Message Board
Set your destination to know the direction and distance to that place.
Point your Sun Icon to the sun to determine the direction facing ahead.
Homecoming support mapHomecoming support map
Make use of downloadable map that tells you the route between two points you have specified in advance.Get information displayed, targeting the locations of evacuation shelters, emergency hospitals, disaster designated hospitals, convenience stores, toilets, among others.Also get information displayed, targeting dangerous/hazardous points such as a block wall.
Peace of mind service - you can still use it should major disaster cause Base Stations to suspend transmission.
Disaster Relief by Guidance(1/3)
Disaster Relief by Guidance(2/3) Requirement-1
1) Easy understandable graphical guidance.
2) Superimpose (mash-up) some kinds of maps into one guidance map; which includes a base-line geographical map, terminal position, evacuation shelter map, public service entities such as hospital and local government, locations of dangerous spots and so forth.
G
(GPS)
Disaster Relief by Guidance (3/3) Requirement-2
3) To superimpose (mash-up) even by a mobile terminal or a local server (cashing)
4) To operate the system even under no-connection with a central web-server, because a network is sometimes isolated after disaster. However, a local government is required to provide a map-guidance within an isolated network. (cashing)
5) To operate at most or any mobile terminals on a platform/Browser. (Open platform)
(Note) SVG-Map as Possible PlatformAs a key technology for graphical MAP platform on mobile device,
SVG-Map (web-browser's standard graphic format) under HTML5 has been developed by W3C. SVG-Map can meet to item 2), 3), 4), 5) above, but an existing Map does not.
Digital Signage for Disaster Relief
Extraction from SG16 document “T13-SG16-130114-TD-WP2-0024!!MSW-E”
Digital signage platforms for Digital signage platforms
-
Designated shelter Evacuation center
Mobile
prediction agencies
StationPublic building
Commercial facilities
Broadcaster
-Early Warning-Relief information
Government/local government
-Early Warning
- Relief information
ConclusionTelecommunication systems for early warning & disaster relief can play great roles;
Before Disaster: for Preparedness, Prevention
At or During Disaster: for Rescue, Evacuation After Disaster: for Safe confirmation, Life-sustainability
Mobile system is effective because many victims run off with mobile terminal in hand. However, it has not been developed and implemented yet.
Therefore, it is recommended that mobile system for early warning & disaster relief will be developed and implemented.
Appendix-1 Situations in East Japan
Appendix- 2 Natural Disasters