Post on 31-Dec-2015
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Physics 362 – week 5
Modern Physics Seminars
Atmospheric TransmissionAtmospheric Transmission
Pioneering work
18 June 1962 first extra-solar X-ray experiment by Riccardo Giacconi
Discovery of the first X-ray source (Sco X-1)and first evidence of a diffuse X-ray emission
X-ray Generation Thermal radiationThermal radiation Synchrotron radiation Blackbody radiation
Kinetic equilibrium of electrons and ions at T
greater than 105 K
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
X-ray Generation
Fast Electrons accelerated by strong
magnetic fields
Thermal radiation Synchrotron radiationSynchrotron radiation Blackbody radiation
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
Magnetic bremsstrahlung
X-ray Generation
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
Thermal radiation Synchrotron radiation Blackbody radiationBlackbody radiation
An object at High T emits blackbody
radiation in the X-ray
Blackbody emissionMagnetic bremsstrahlung
Detectors Imaging Spectral analysis
Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimators
Honeycomb - front viewHoneycomb - front view
X-rays HoneycombDetector
Honeycomb – lateral viewHoneycomb – lateral view
Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimatorsMirrorsMirrors
Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimatorsMirrorsMirrors
Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional counters
+ ++
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-Anode
Cathode
X-ray window X-ray
Detectors
Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectors
Detectors
• Bragg Crystals (reflection)
• Diffraction gratings
Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectorsMicrocalorimetersMicrocalorimeters
Detectors
Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectorsMicrocalorimetersMicrocalorimeters
Detectors
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets
Sounding rocket trajectory
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites
The XMM-Newton Satellite
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle
The DXS experiment
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle
The DXS experiment
Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle The Space StationThe Space Station
The International Space Station
The XQC sounding rocket
XQC launch
The Astro-E satellite
The XRS detector on Astro-EThe XRS detector on Astro-E
Launched from Japan in February 2000
The Astro-E satellite
The XRS detector on Astro-EThe XRS detector on Astro-E
X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
X-ray Objects Supernova remnantsSupernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
Supernova remnants
X-raysvisible
Cas A
Cassiopeia A
visible X-rays
infrared radio
X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary SystemsBinary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei andActive galactic nuclei and Black holes Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray backgroundDiffuse X-ray backgroundInterstellar mediumVery far objectsIntergalactic medium